KHADERIA HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL [ VNB ] Mr . Alpha M.Sc., B.A., B.Ed.

1. Basic concepts of chemistry and chemical calculations

I) Answer the following question briefly:

1. Define relative atomic masses

2. What do you understand by the term mole?
3. Define Gram equivalent mass
4. What is oxidation number?
5. Distinguish between oxidation and reduction
6. What is the difference between molecular mass and molar mass? Calculate the molecular massand
molar mass of carbon monoxide.
7. What is the empirical formula of the following? I) Fructose [ C6H12O6] ii) Caffeine [ C8H10N4O2]
8. Hydrogen peroxide is an oxidizing agent. It oxidizes ferrous ion to ferric ion and reduced itself
towater. Write a balanced equation
9. Define Avogadro number
10. Define a.m.u
11. What are limiting agent and excess agent?
12. Give examples for oxidation reactions in our daily life.
13. What do you understand by stoichiometry calculations?
14. Write a note on four different oxidation states of oxygen with example.
15. Define redox reaction. Give an example
16. Write note on Combination reaction
17. Write note on decomposition reaction
18. Write note on displacement reaction
19. What are disproportionate reactions (or) Auto redox reaction?
20. Explain the electronic theory of oxidation and reduction.
21. Calculate the molar masses of the following i) Urea [ CO(NH2)2] ii) Acetone [CH2COCH3]
iii) Boric acid [H3BO3] iv) Sulphuric Acid [H2SO4]
22. Which contains the greatest number of mole of oxygen atoms?
i) 1 mole of ethanol ii) 1 mole of formic acid iii) 1 mole of H2O
23. An organic compound present in vinegar has 40 % carbon, 6.6 % hydrogen and 53.4 % oxygen.
Find the empirical formula of the compound.
24. An acid found in tamarinds on analysis shows the following percentage composition: 32 %
Carbon; 4 % Hydrogen; 64 % Oxygen. Find the empirical formula of the compound.
25. A Compound on analysis gave the following percentage composition C=54.55%, H=9.09%,
O=36.36%. Determine the empirical formula of the compound.
26. Calculate the empirical formula and molecular formula of a compound containing 76.6%
carbon, 6.38% hydrogen and rest of oxygen, its vapour density is 47.

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KHADERIA HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL [ VNB ] Mr . Alpha M.Sc., B.A., B.Ed.,

27. A compound on analysis gave Na=14.31% , S=9.97 %, H=6.22% and O=69.5% . Calculate the
molecular formula of the compound if all the hydrogen in the compound is present in
combination with oxygen as water of crystallization [ Molar weight is 322 ]
28. How many moles of ethane is required to produced 44 G of CO 2 after combustion?
29. How many moles of hydrogen is required to produced 10 moles of ammonia ?
30. Calculate the amount of water produced by the combustion of 32G of methane.
-
31. Calculate the oxidation number of i) KMnO4 ii) ClO3 iii) K2Cr2O7 iv) CaH2 v) H4P2O7
vi) NaBH4 vii) Na2[ Fe(CN)6] viii) Fe2(SO4)3
32. Calculate the oxidation state of sulphur and arrange in ascending order [ S 2O42- , SO32-,
S2O62-, SO42- ]
33. The atomic mass of oxygen is 16. What is the actual mass of an oxygen atom.
34. What do you understand by the term stoichiometry.
35. Chlorine consist two naturally occurring isotopes 17Cl35, 17Cl
37
in the ratio 77:23. Find the
relation atomic mass.
36. Define redox reaction.

Answer the following question in detail:

1. Balance the following equations by oxidation number method

i) K2Cr2O7 + KI + H2SO4 → K2SO4 + Cr2(SO4)3 + I2 + H2O
ii) KMnO4 + Na2SO3 → MnO2 + Na2SO4 + KOH
iii) Cu + HNO3 → Cu(NO3)2 + NO2 + H2O
iv) KMnO4 + H2C2O4 + H2SO4 → K2SO4 + MnSO4 + CO2 + H2O
v) FeSO4 + KMnO4 + H2SO4 → Fe2(SO4)3 + MnSO4 + K2SO4 + H2O
vi) As2S3 + HNO3 + H2O → H3AsO4 + H2SO4 + NO

2. Balance the following equations by ion electron method

i) KMnO4 + SnCl2 + HCl → MnCl2 + SnCl4 + H2O + HCl
ii) C2O42- + C2O72- → Cr3+ + CO2( in acid medium)
iii) Na2S2O3 + I2 → Na2S4O6 + NaI( in acid medium)
3-
iv) Zn + NO → Zn 2+ + NO
v) FeSO4 + KMnO4 + H2SO4 → Fe2(SO4)3 + MnSO4 + K2SO4 + H2O

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KHADERIA HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL [ VNB ] Mr . Alpha M.Sc., B.A., B.Ed.,

2. Quantum Mechanical Model of Atom

Answer the following question briefly:

1. State Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle

2. Define Hund’s rule.
3. Define Aufbau principle.
4. Which quantum number reveal information about the shape, energy, orientation and size
oforbitals?
5. How many orbitals are possible for n = 4?
6. How many radial nodes and angular nodes for 2s, 4p, 5d and 4f orbitals exhibit?
7. The stabilization of a half filled d orbital is more pronounced than that of the p orbital.Why?
8. Define orbital. What are the n and l values for 3Px and 4dx2-y2electrons?
9. Determine the values of all the four quantum numbers of the 8 th electron in Oxygen atom and15
th electron in Cl atom.
10. Give the electronic configuration of Mn 2+ and Cr3+
11. An atom of an element contains 35 electrons and 45 electrons. Deduce i) the number of protons
ii) the electronic configuration for the element iii) All the four quantum numbers for the lastelectron
12. What did Rutherford’s alpha ray scattering experiment ?
13. What are the defects of Rutherford’s model?
14. Write note on Thomson’s plum pudding model of an atom
15. What is Zeeman effect?
16. What is Stark effect?
17. Write note on limitations of Bohr’s model of an atom
18. How is angular momentum quantized ?
19. Write note on Davison and Germer experiment
20. What are quantum numbers?
21. State ( n+l ) rule
22. Define exchange energy
23. Calculate the total number of angular nodes and radial nodes present in 2s, 4p, 5d, 3d and 4f
orbitals
24. How many unpaired electrons are present in the ground state of Fe 3+, Mn2+ and argon?
25. Explain the meaning of the symbol 4f2. Write all the four quantum numbers for theseelectrons
26. Which has the stable electronic configuration? Ni 2+, Fe3+
27. Write the values of all four quantum numbers for all the electrons present in
hydrogen and helium atom.
28. Why Pauli’s exclusion principle is called as exclusion principle.
29. Give a brief account of the shapes of atomic orbitals.

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KHADERIA HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL [ VNB ] Mr . Alpha M.Sc., B.A., B.Ed.,

30. For each of the following give the sub level designation the allowable ‘m’ values and the
number of orbitals for i) n=4; l=2 ii) n=5; l=3 iii) n=7; l=0
31. Show that if the measurement of the uncertainty in the location of the particle is equal to
its de Broglie wave length, the maximum uncertainty in its velocity is equal to its velocity / 4Π
32. What is the de Broglie wavelength of an electron, which is accelerated from the rest,
through a potential difference 100 V ?

Answer the following question in detail:

1. Explain briefly the time independent Schrodinger wave equation.

2. Show that the circumference of the Bohr orbit for the hydrogen atom is an integral multipleof the
de Broglie wave length associated with the electron revolving around the nucleus
3. Explain wave particle duality of matter.
4. Derive de Broglie equation.
5. State and explain Pauli’s exclusion principle .
6. Enlist the postulates of Bohr’s model of an atom .
7. Derive an equation for the wavelength of a matter wave
8. Give the relation between Bohr radius and the de Broglie wavelength .
9. List out the important features of quantum mechanical model of atom.
10. Mention the assumptions of Bohr’s atom model.

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KHADERIA HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL [ VNB ] Mr . Alpha M.Sc., B.A., B.Ed.,

3. Periodic Classification of Elements

Answer the following question briefly:

1. What is modern periodic law?

2. What are isoelectronic ions? Give examples.
3. What is effective nuclear charge?
4. Define electro negativity
5. Why halogen act as oxidising agents?
6.What is diagonal relationship?
7. Define electron affinity
8.Define ionisation enthalpy.
9. Is the definition given below for ionisation enthalpy is correct?
“ Ionisation enthalpy is defined as the energy required to remove the most loosely
bonded electron from the valence shell of an atom”
10.Explain the period trend of ionisation potential.
11. How would you explain the fact that the second ionization potential is always higher than
firstionization potential?
12. Why the noble gases are inert?
13. Give the general electron configuration of lanthanides and actinides?
14. Mention anomalous properties of second period elements
15. Define Mosley’s relationship.
16. The inter nuclear distance between hydrogen and chlorine is 1.28 A o and the covalent
radius of chlorine is 0.99 Ao. The electronegativity values of the chlorine and hydrogen are 3
and 2.1 respectively. Determine the covalent radius of hydrogen atom.
17. Calculate the effective nuclear charge on ‘4s’ electron and ‘3d’ electron in Scandium.
18. Magnesium loses electrons successively to form Mg+, Mg2+ and Mg3+ ions. Which step will havethe
highest ionization energy and why?
19. Justify that the fifth period of the periodic table should have 18 elements on the basis of
quantumnumbers.
20. The experimental intermolecular distance in cl 2 molecule is 1.98 Ao . Calculate the covalent
radius of chlorine.
21. Explain the following i)Atomic radius ii) Covalent radius iii) Metallic radius iv) Ionic radius
22. Which is the larger size among the Al 3+anf Mg2+ ? Why
23. Ionization energy of beryllium is higher than that of Boron. Give reason
24. Give appropriate reason for ionization potential of N is greater than that of O
25. Electron affinity of Be and N have zero. Give reason
26. Why the electron affinity of chlorine is higher than fluorine?
27. State Slater rule

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KHADERIA HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL [ VNB ] Mr . Alpha M.Sc., B.A., B.Ed.,

Answer the following question in detail:

1. Explain the Pauling method for the determination of ionic radius

2. State the trends in the variation of electro negativity in group and periods
3. Briefly give the basis for Pauling’s scale of electro negativity
4. By using Pauling’s method calculate the ionic radii of k + and cl- ions in the potassium
chloride crystal. Given that dk+-cl- = 3.14 Ao
5.Explain the screening effect.
6. The electronic configuration of an atom is one of the important factor which affects the
valence of the ionisation potential and electron gain enthalpy. Explain .
7. Calculate the ionic radii of Na+ and F- ion in NaF crystal whose inter ionic distance is
equal to 231 pm.

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KHADERIA HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL [ VNB ] Mr . Alpha M.Sc., B.A., B.Ed.,

4. Hydrogen

Answer the following question briefly:

1. Why hydrogen is not placed with the halogen in the periodic table?
2. An ice cube at 0° C is placed in some liquid water at 0° C, the ice cube sinks- why?
3. Discuss three type of covalent hydrides
4. Write chemical equation for the following reactions I) Reaction Of Hydrogen With Tungsten(VI)
Oxide On Heating II) Hydrogen Gas And Chlorine Gas
5. Do you think that heavy water can be used for drinking purposes?
6. What is water gas shift reaction?
7. What are isotopes? Write the names of isotopes of hydrogen
8. Explain the exchange reactions of deuterium
9. How will you convert para hydrogen into ortho hydrogen?
10. How is hydrogen obtained by electrolysis?
11. Why interstitial hydrides have a lower density than the parent metal?
12. How do you expect the metallic hydrides to be useful for hydrogen storage?
13. Arrange NH3, H2O and HF in the order of increasing magnitude of hydrogen bonding and explain
the basis for your arrangement.
14. NH3 has exceptionally high melting point and boiling point as compared to those of the hydridesof
the remaining element of group 15. Explain
15. What are ortho and para hydrogen?
16. How is water gas or syngas produced?
17. What are soft water and hard water?
18. How will you remove temporary hardness of water?
19. Hard water produces less foam with detergents. Why ?
20. What are covalent hydrides?
21. What are inter and intra molecular hydrogen bonding?
22. Mention the uses of deutrium
23. Mention the uses of heavy water
24. Explain the uses of Hydrogen
25. Mention the uses of hydrogen peroxide

Answer the following question in detail:

1. Compare the structure of H2O and H2O2

2. Explain the removal of permanent hardness of water
3. Justify the position of hydrogen in the periodic table

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KHADERIA HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL [ VNB ] Mr . Alpha M.Sc., B.A., B.Ed.,

5. Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals

Answer the following question briefly:

1. Why sodium hydroxide is much more water soluble than chloride?

2. Explain what to meant by efflorescence
3. Substantiate lithium fluoride has the lowest solubility among group one metal fluorides
4. Beryllium halides are covalent where as magnesium halides are ionic. Why?
5. Why alkaline earth metals are harder than alkali metals?
6. How is plaster of Paris prepared?
7. What is slaking of lime?
8. How is bleaching powder prepared?
9. What is retrograde solubility?
10. What is dead burnt plaster?
11. Describe briefly the biological importance of calcium and magnesium
12. Which would you expect to have a higher melting point, magnesium oxide or magnesium
fluoride? Explain reason
13. Why does lithium exhibit anomalous properties?
14. What is desert rose ?
15. What is dead burnt plaster ?
16. Describe briefly the biological importance of Potassium and Sodium
17. Describe briefly the biological importance of Calcium and magnesium.
18. Explain the important common features of Group 2 elements.
19. Which would you expect to have a higher melting point, magnesium oxide or magnesium
fluoride? Explain your reasoning.
20. Write the chemical equations for the reactions involved in solvay process of preparation of sodium
carbonate.
21. An alkali metal (x) forms a hydrated sulphate, X2SO4. 10H2O. Is the metal more likely to be sodium
(or) potassium.
22. List down the uses of washing soda
23. Give the uses of sodium bicarbonate.
24. Mention the uses of sodium hydroxide
25. What are the uses of Beryllium?
26. What are the uses of magnesium?
27. Mention the uses of calcium
28. Mention the uses of strontium?
29. What are the uses of barium?
30. Give the uses of gypsum
31. Mention the uses of plaster of Paris

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KHADERIA HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL [ VNB ] Mr . Alpha M.Sc., B.A., B.Ed.,

Answer the following question in detail:

1. Discuss briefly the similarities between lithium and magnesium

2. Discuss briefly the similarities between beryllium and aluminium
3. Alkaline earth metal (A), belongs to 3rd period reacts with oxygen and nitrogen to form compound
(B) and (C) respectively. It undergo metal displacement reaction with AgNO3 solution to form
compound (D).
4. Write balanced chemical equation for each of the following chemical reactions.
(i) Lithium metal with nitrogen gas
(ii) heating solid sodium bicarbonate
(iii) Rubidum with oxygen gas
(iv) solid potassium hydroxide with CO2
(v) heating calcium carbonate
(vi) heating calcium with oxygen
5. Give the systematic names for the following
(i) milk of magnesia (ii) lye (iii) lime (iv) Caustic potash
(v) washing soda (vi) soda ash (v) trona
6. Write balanced chemical equation for the following processes
(a) heating calcium in oxygen
(b) heating calcium carbonate
(c) evaporating a solution of calcium hydrogen carbonate
(d) heating calcium oxide with carbon

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KHADERIA HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL [ VNB ] Mr . Alpha M.Sc., B.A., B.Ed.,

6. Gaseous State

Answer the following question briefly:

1. What is Gay Lusaac law?
2. Write note on Graham’s law of diffusion
3. What is Boyle temperature or Boyle point?
4. What is Joule Thomson effect?
5. State Boyle’s law
6. What is Charles law?
7. State Avogadro’s hypothesis
8. What is compressibility factor?
9.What are ideal gases? In what way real gases differ from ideal gases?
10. Can Vander Walls gas with a=0 be liquefied? Explain
11. Distinguish between diffusion and effusion
12.Why do astronauts have to wear protective suits when they are on the surface of moon?
13. Aerosol cans carry clear warning of heating of the can. Why?
14. Suggest why there is no hydrogen in our atmosphere. Why does the moon have no atmosphere?
15. Name two items that can serve as a model for Gay Lusaac law and explain
16. What are the different methods used for liquefaction of gases?
17. Which gases can be liquefied by Joule Thomson method.
18. Prove that density of a gas is directly proportional to the pressure.
19. Derive pressure – density relationship from Boyle’s law.
20. A ballon filled with air at room temperature and cooled to a much lower temperature can be
used as a model for Charle’s law
21. Which of the following gases would you expect to deviate from ideal behaviour under conditions
of low temperature F2, Cl2, Br2? Explain
22. Would it be easier to drink water with a straw on the top of Mount Everest?
23. When ammonia combines with HCl, NH4Cl is formed as white dense fumes. Why do more fumes
appear near HCl?

Answer the following question in detail:

1. Write the Vander waals equation for a real gas. Explain the correction term for pressure andvolume
2. Derive the values of critical constants in terms of Vander waals constants
3. Explain Andrew’s isotherm
4. Explain the variation of volume of a gas with the temperature at constant pressure.

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KHADERIA HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL [ VNB ] Mr . Alpha M.Sc., B.A., B.Ed.,

7. Thermodynamics

Answer the following question briefly:

1. State the Zeroth law of thermodynamics
2. State the first law of thermodynamics
3. State the third law of thermodynamics
4. Define Hess’s law of constant heat summation
5. Explain intensive properties with two examples
6. Explain extensive properties with two examples
7. Define entropy. Give its unit
8. Define enthalpy of combustion
9. Define enthalpy of neutralization
10. State Clausius statement of second law of thermodynamics
11. Give Kelvin statement of second law of thermodynamics
12. What are the various statements of first law of thermodynamics?
13. State Gibbs free energy
14. Define molar heat of capacity. Give its unit
15. Define the calorific value of food. Give its unit
16. Define lattice energy
17. What are state and path functions? Give two examples.
18. What are the applications of bomb calorimeter?
19. What are the applications of Hess law?
20. What are the criteria for spontaneity of reactions?
21. Write down the Born Haber cycle for the formation of calcium chloride
22. If an automobile engine burns petrol at temperature of 816 oC and the surrounding
temperature is 21 oC. Calculate its maximum possible efficiency.
23. Calculate the entropy change during the melting of one mole of ice into water at 0 oC
and 1 atm pressure. Enthalpy of fussion of ice is 6008 J mol -1 .
24. Write the mathematical statement of the first law of thermodynamics? Explain its various
cases.
25. The equilibrium constant of a reaction is 10, what will be the sign of ∆G . Will the
reaction be spontaneous?
26. Enthalpy of neutralization is always a constant where a strong acid is neutralized by a strong
base. Account for the reason.
27. Predict the feasibility of a reaction when i) Both ∆H and ∆S positive. ii) both ∆H
and ∆S negative iii) ∆H decrease but ∆S increase.
28. Define the following
 isothermal process
 adiabatic process

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KHADERIA HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL [ VNB ] Mr . Alpha M.Sc., B.A., B.Ed.,

 isobaric process
 isochoric process
 reversible, irreversible process
 cyclic process

Answer the following question in detail:

1. Explain the characteristics of internal energy

2. Calculate the work involved in expansion and compression process
3. Derive the relationship between ΔH and ΔU for an ideal gas. Explain each term involved in the
equation
4. Derive the relation between enthalpy and internal energy.
5. Derive the relation between enthalpy change and internal energy change.
6. Explain how heat absorbed at constant volume is measured using bomb calorimeter with aneat
diagram
7. Write down the Born Haber cycle for the formation of sodium chloride
8. List the characteristics of Gibbs free energy
9. State various statements of second law of thermodynamics
10. What are spontaneous reactions? What are the conditions for the spontaneity of a process?
11. Derive the relationship between Cp and Cv

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KHADERIA HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL [ VNB ] Mr . Alpha M.Sc., B.A., B.Ed.,

8. Physical and Chemical Equilibrium

Answer the following questions briefly:

1. Chemical equilibrium is dynamic in nature. Why?

2. What is equilibrium constant?
3. What is reaction quotient ?
4. State Le Chatelier’s principle
5. State law of mass action and mention its unit
6.Why does ice melts slowly at higher altitudes?
7. How will you predict the feasibility of a reaction using Q value?
8. DefineVan’t Hoff equation
9. How equilibrium constant help to predict (find) the direction of chemical equilibrium?
10. If there is no chance in concentration, why is the equilibrium state considered dynamic?
11. For a given reaction at a particular temperature, the equilibrium constant has constant
value. Is the value of ‘Q’ also constant? Explain.
12. What is the relation between Kp and Kc. Give an example for which Kp is equal to Kc
13. Mention the application of the equilibrium constant.
14. How does concentration affect the chemical equilibrium?
15. How does pressure affect the chemical equilibrium?
16. How does temperature affect the chemical equilibrium?
17. How does a catalyst and inert gas affect the chemical equilibrium?

Answer the following questions in detail :

1. Deduce theVan’t Hoff equation.

2. Derive the relationship between Kp and Kc
3. Derive the KP and Kc value for Synthesis of ammonia
4. Derive the KP and Kc value for formation of HI
5. Derive the KP and Kc value for Dissociation of PCl5

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KHADERIA HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL [ VNB ] Mr . Alpha M.Sc., B.A., B.Ed.,

09. Solutions

Answer the following questions briefly:

1. Define Molality
2. Define Normality
3. Define Molarity
4. What is relative lowering of vapour pressure?
5. State Henry’s law
6. State Raoult’s law
7. What is molal depression constant? Does it depend on nature of the solute?
8. Define osmosis
9. What is isotonic solution?
10. How does the pressure affect the solubility?
11. Define reverse Osmosis
12. Mention the applications of reverse osmosis
13. What is osmotic pressure?
14. What is the Van’t Hoff equation to calculate the osmotic pressure.
15. Define boiling point of a liquid.
16. Define the elevation of boiling point.
17. Define freezing point of a liquid.
18. Define the depression of the freezing point of a liquid.
19. What is ideal and non – ideal solutions.
20. What are the conditions [ Characteristic ] for ideal solutions?
21. What are the conditions [ Characteristic ] for Non ideal solutions?
22. Define Van’tHoff factor.
23. Mention the factors influencing the solubility.
24. How will you convert sea water into drinking water.
25. What are the advantages of using standard solutions?
26. Explain the effect of pressure on the solubility.
27. What are the limitations of Henry’s law?
28. How will you compare Raoult’s law with Henry’s law?

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KHADERIA HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL [ VNB ] Mr . Alpha M.Sc., B.A., B.Ed.,

Answer the following questions in detail:

1. Explain the factors responsible for deviation from Raoult’s law

2. State and explain Henry’s law
3. Derive an equation for determination of molar mass from osmotic pressure.
4.Derive the relationship between the relative lowering of vapour pressure and molecular
weight of a non – volatile solute.
5. State Raoult’s law and obtain the expression for relative lowering of vapour pressure when
non-volatile solute is dissolved in solvent.
6. What is a vapour pressure of liquid? What is relative lowering of vapour pressure.

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KHADERIA HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL [ VNB ] Mr . Alpha M.Sc., B.A., B.Ed.,

15. Environmental Chemistry

Answer the following questions briefly:

1. Dissolved oxygen in water is responsible for aquatic life. What processes are responsible for the
reduction in dissolved oxygen in water?
2. What would happen, if the greenhouse gases were totally missing in the earth’s atmosphere?
3. What is smog?
4. Which is considered to be earth’s protective umbrella? Why?
5. What are degradable and non degradable pollutants?
6. From where does ozone come in the photo chemical smog?
7. A person was using water supplied by corporation. Due to shortage of water he started using
underground water. He felt laxative effect. What could be the cause?
8. What is Green Chemistry?
9. What is global warming?
10. How does classical smog differ from photochemical smog?
11. What are particulate pollutants?
12. What is acid rain?
13. Differentiate BOD and COD.
14. Differentiate viable and non viable particulate pollutants
15. Explain how oxygen deficiency is caused by carbon monoxide in our blood? Give its effect
16. Mention the standards prescribed by BIS for qualities of drinking water.
17. What is environmental pollution?
18. What is greenhouse effect?
19. What are harmful effects of acid rain?
20. What is classical smog or London smog?
21. What are the effects of classical smog?
22. What is photochemical smog or Los Angel Smog?
23. What are the effects of photochemical smog?
24. What is depletion of ozone layer or ozone hole?
25. What are freons?
26. What are the environmental impact of ozone depletion?
27. Define Eutrophication
28. What are the harmful effects of chemical water pollutants?
29. What are the total dissolved solids?
30. What is artificial fertilizers?

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KHADERIA HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL [ VNB ] Mr . Alpha M.Sc., B.A., B.Ed.,

Answer the following question in detail:

1. Explain the strategies to control environmental pollution

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