Class X Science

Most Important Questions

Chapter 1: Chemical Reactions and Equations
1.Why are decomposition reactions called opposite of combination reactions?
[1]
2.When potassium chlorate (KClO3) is heated in the presence of manganese dioxide catalyst, it decomposes to
form potassium chloride and oxygen gas. Represent this in the formof a balanced chemical equation.
[1]
3.A solution of potassium chloride when mixed with silver nitrate solution forms an insoluble white
substance. Write the chemical reaction involved andmention the type of chemical reaction. [2]
4.Equal lengths of Mg ribbon are taken in test tubes A and B. Hydrochloric acid is added to test tube A, while
acetic acid is added to test tube B. In which case the reaction would occur more vigorously and why?
Write the chemical equations for reactions in test tubes A and B.
[2]
5.Describe anactivity to show the decomposition reaction of ferrous sulphate in the laboratory. [3]
6.A solution of a substance 'X' is used for white washing. [3]
i.Name the substance 'X' and write its formula.
ii.Write the reaction of the substance 'X' named in (i) above with water.
iii.Write the balanced equation for the following chemical reaction:
7.a)Write chemical equations for the reactions taking place when
[5]
i.Zinc sulphide is heated in air
ii.Zinc carbonate is calcined
iii.Manganese dioxide is heated with aluminium powder
b)i.What happens when a strip of lead metal is placed in a solution of copper chloride? Write the
balanced chemical equation for the reaction along with the colour changes observed during the reaction.
ii.What are precipitation reactions? Give one example of a precipitation reaction.
8. a)A water-insoluble calcium compound (A) on reacting with dil. H2SO4released a colourless and odourless gas
(B) with brisk effervescence. When gas (B) was passed through lime water, the lime water turned milky and again
formed compound A. Identify A and B and write the chemical equations for the reactions involved. .
b)A brown substance 'X' on heating in air forms a compound 'Y'. When hydrogen gas is passed over 'Y', it changes
to 'X' again.
i.Name substances'X' and 'Y'.
ii.Name the processes occurring during the two changes.
iii.Write the chemical equations involved.
Chapter 2: Acids, Bases and Salts
1.Define the term rancidity.
2.Write the chemical name and formula of ‘Plaster of Paris’.
3.i.Writethe chemical name and formula of washing soda. How is it prepared? Write the chemical equation of the
reaction. .[3]
ii.Why does distilled water not conduct electricity, whereas rainwaterdoes?
4.Define 'water of crystallisation'.Give two examples of substances having water of crystallisation. Write their
chemical formulae.[2]
5.[3] i.Name the compound which is obtained from baking soda and is used to remove the permanent
hardness of water.
ii.Write its chemical formula.
iii.Whathappens when it is recrystallised from its aqueous solution?
6.[3] i.What change will you observe in the colour of red litmus paper when it is dipped into a solution of
sodium sulphate? Give reason to explain your observation.
ii.A bottlefilled up to the brim with concentrated sulphuric acid is left open in the atmosphere by mistake. Will
there be any change in the level of liquid? Explain your answer with reasons.
7.[5] a)Write word equations and balanced equations for the reaction taking place when
i.Dilute sulphuric acid reacts with zinc granules
ii.Dilute hydrochloric acid reacts with magnesium ribbon
b)What is the difference between hydrated salts and anhydrous salts?
c)Give two important uses of washing soda.
8.[5] a)Write the chemical equation for the preparation of
i.Bleaching powder ii.Plaster of Parisiii.Caustic soda
b)What is the chlor alkali process? Give two uses of NaOH obtained from this process?
Chapter 3: Metals and Non-Metals
1.What happens when iron nails are kept in an aqueous solution of CuSO4? [1]
2.Name a non-metal which is lustrous and a metal which is non-lustrous.[1]
3.What are amphotericoxides? Give two examples.[2]
4.Name two allotropes of carbon. Which is the hardest natural substance known?[2]
5.[3](a)What is roasting and calcination? (b)What is the difference between them?
6.What happens when[3]
(i) Zinc reacts with copper sulphate
(ii) Magnesiumreacts with HCl
(iii) Sodium reacts with water
7.Describe the use of aluminium as a reducing agent for the reduction of metal oxides. Give the equations
involved. [5]
8.[5](a)Write the electronic configurations of sodium and chlorine.
(b)Show the formation of sodium chloride from sodium and chlorine by the transfer of electrons.
Chapter 4: Carbon and its Compounds
1.Write the name and structure of an aldehyde with four carbon atoms in its molecule.[1]
2.Name the functional group present in each of the following organic compounds:[1]i.CH3COCH3ii.C2H5COOH
3.Give a test for experimentally distinguishing between an alcohol and a carboxylic acid.Describe how
these tests are performed.[2]
4.When you add sodium hydrogen carbonate to acetic acid in a test tube, a gas liberates immediately with brisk
effervescence. Name this gas. Describe the method of testing this gas. [2]
5.What is meant by a homologous series of carbon compounds? Classify the following carbon compounds into
two homologous series and name them.C3H4, C3H6, C4H6, C4H8, C5H8, C5H10 [3]
6.Name the gas liberated when ethanol reacts with sodiummetal. How do we get ethene from ethanol? Write a
chemical equation to justify your answer. State the role of acid in this reaction.[3]

7.What is the difference between the chemical composition of soaps and detergents? State in brief the
action of soaps in removing an oily spot from a shirt. Why are soaps not considered suitable forwashing when
water is hard?[5]
8.(a) State two properties of carbon which lead to a large number of carbon compounds. (b) Why does
micelle formation take place when soap is added to water? Why are micelles not formed when soap is
added to ethanol?
OR
Explain isomerism. State any four characteristics of isomers. Draw the structures of possible isomers of
butane, C4H10.[5]

Chapter 5: Periodic Classification of Elements

1.How were the positions of cobalt and nickel resolved in the modern periodic table?[1]
2.How does the electropositive character of elements change on going down in a group? .[1]
3.How does the metallic character of elements change along a period of the periodic table from left to
rightand why?[2]
4.Explain why all the elements of a period have different chemical properties.[2]
5.State Mendeleev’s periodic law. Which group of elements was missing from Mendeleev’s original
periodic table? Besides gallium, which two other elements have since been discovered for which Mendeleev
had left gaps in his periodic table?[3]
6.How could the modern periodic law remove various anomalies of Mendeleev’s periodic table? Explain
with examples.[3]
7.Atoms of eight elements—A, B,C, D, E, F, G and H. Elements A and G combine to form an ionic
compound. This ionic compound is added toa small amount of almost all vegetables and dishes during
cooking. Oxides of elements A and B are basic in nature, while those of elements E and F are acidic.
However, the oxide of element D is almost neutral. Based on the above information, answer the following
questions:[5]
(i)To which group or period of the periodic table do these elements belong?
(ii)What would be the nature of the compound formed by a combination of elements B and F?
(iii)Which two of these elements could definitely be metals?
(iv)Which one of the eight elements is mostlikely to be found in the gaseousstate at room temperature?
(v)If the number of electrons in the outermost shell of elements C and G are 3 and 7,respectively, write the
formula of the compound formed by the combination of C and G.
8.Explain the following: [5]
(a)Metals like Na, Ca and Mg are never found in the free state in nature.
(b)Solder is used for welding electrical circuits.
(c)Silver ornaments turn blackish after some time.
(d)Gold is used to makejewellery.
(e)Gallium will melt if you keep it on your palm.