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Program 7 : Creating Reports & Visualizations - Different types of charts,

Formatting charts with Title, Colors
17 Most Common Charts available in Power BI:
● Bar Chart
● Line Chart
● Scatterplot
● Sparkline
● Pie Chart
● Gauge
● Waterfall Chart
● Funnel Chart
● Heat Map / Matrix
● Histogram
● Box Plot
● Maps
● Tables
● Indicators
● Area Chart
● Radar or Spider Chart
● Tree Map
● Open Power BI Desktop
● Click on Get data in ribbon pane
● Click on Excel worksheet option

• Choose specific dataset and open it. Example: HR Data.csv

• Click on Transform Data button
.

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• Power Query Editor window will open.

• We have to perform some transformation on this table

• Select row 1 and click on Use first row as header

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• Then, we have to create new column for attrition count. For this, select attrition column
→ click on Add Column → new window will open then add details as follows. Once you
are done with this, attrition count column will be added as a last row of the table
• Change the datatype of this column to whole number

• Click on Close & Apply.

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Click on

“Close
&
Apply”

• You will be back on canvas area with table loaded in Data Pane (in right side).

• We will start with KPI Chart

• A Key Performance Indicator (KPI) is a visual cue that communicates the amount of
progress made toward a measurable goal

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Now format this particular visual with title, size, colour.

1. Click on “Format your visual” in Visualization Pane
2. Go to General tab
a. click on Title → type “Overall Employees” in Text box, Horizontal alignment
and colour of your choice
b. expand effects → OFF the background of KPI chart
c. Effects → ON visual border → change the color and 20 rounded corners
3. Now, go to Visual tab → OFF the category label
4. In visual tab, callout value → change the font color

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Kindly Note: If you want same format for all visuals, complete the
formatting with one of the visual, click on format painter and click on the
visual for which you want the formatting. Little bit formatting will be
required as properties for each visual will be different
Select Pie Chart.

• Now apply same steps for creating STACKED COLUMN CHART.

A column chart, commonly referred to as a vertical bar graph, is a visual tool utilized to
display and compare numerical data across different categories. Each column within the
chart corresponds to a specific category, with the height of the column proportionally
representing the associated value.

Optional: As you can see, age is not sorted correctly, so we have to create additional
column.
Once sort age column is created change the datatype of column if its not in whole number.
Click on “Close & Apply”

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Now, on canvas, in data pane → select CP_age_band → click on sort by column → select
newly created column sort age and now
click on visual and follow the steps, Finally, output will be as follows:

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Finally, output will be as follows

:
• Now apply same steps for creating MATRIX.
The matrix visual is a type of table visual that supports a stepped layout. A table supports two
dimensions, but a matrix makes it easier to display data meaningfully across multiple dimensions.
Often, report designers include matrixes in reports and dashboards to allow users to select one or
more element (rows, columns, cells) in the matrix to cross-highlight other visuals on a report
page.

Format the row header & column header → text color & background color
Also, format the Row grand total & column grand total

Now apply same steps for creating Stacked Bar Chart.

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Now apply same steps for creating Donut.

A doughnut chart is similar to a pie chart in that it shows the relationship of parts to a
whole. The only difference is that the center is blank and allows space for a label or
icon.

Doughnut charts work best when you use them to compare a particular section to the
whole, rather than comparing individual sections with each other.

Slicers: A slicer is a standalone chart that can be used to filter the other visuals on the
page. Slicers come in many different formats (category, range, date, etc.) and can be
formatted to allow selection of only one, many, or all of the available values.
Slicers are a great choice to:
• Display commonly used or important filters on the report canvas for easier access.
• Make it easier to see the current filtered state without having to open a drop-down
list.

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• Filter by columns that are unneeded and hidden in the data tables.
• Create more focused reports by putting slicers next to important visuals.

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Program 8: Dashboards - Filters in Power BI, Formatting dashboards

Filters remove all but the data you want to focus on.
Filter Pane: You can apply filters in the Filters pane, or make selections in slicers directly on the
report page itself. The Filters pane shows the fields in individual visuals and any other filters
the report designer adds.
There are four standard types of filters that you create in the Filters pane.
• Visual filter applies to a single visual on a report page. You see visual-level filters when
you select a visual on the report canvas. Even if you can't edit a report, you can select a
visual and filter it.
• Page filter applies to all the visuals on the report page.
• Report filter applies to all pages in the report.
• Drill through filter With drill through in the Power BI service and Power BI Desktop,
you create a destination report page that focuses on a specific entity, such as a supplier.
From the other report pages, users can right-click a data point for that entity and drill
through to the focused page.

We will be using HR dataset (same used for Exp 7).

Extending same dashboard with using filters & let’s format the final dashboard.
Let’s apply filter for department (Particular visual).
1. Drag Department from Data Pane to Filters → Filters on this page textbox. → Basic
Filtering
2. Now, you can see, HR dept. is selected and now in below picture, you can see that only
HR data is visible, whereas, R&D and Sales data will not be shown.

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Now, HR and R&D departments are selected.

3. Now, lets try for advanced filter

Let’s find out results for salary greater than equal to 10000.
Drag and drop Monthly Income in filter
Filter type: advanced filtering
Show items when the value: is greater than or equal to
Value: 10000

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4. Now, try for Top N filtering. Try to display top 4 Job roles having highest job
satisfaction.
• Select “Job satisfaction rating” visual → In Filters Pane, Filters on this visual →
Job Role→
Filter type: Top N
Show item: Top : 4
By value: Sum of Job Satisfaction

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Program 9: BUILDING DASH BOARD

Analysis of revenue in sales dataset:
i) Create a choropleth map (fill the map) to spot the special trends to show the state which
has the highest revenue.
ii) Create a line chart to show the revenue based on the month of the year.
iii) Create a bin of size 10 for the age measure to create a new dimension to show the
revenue.
iv) Create a donut chart view to show the percentage of revenue per region by creating
zero access in the calculated field.
v) Create a butterfly chart by reversing the bar chart to compare female & male revenue
based on product category.
vi) Create a calculated field to show the average revenue per state & display profitable &
non-profitable state.
vii) Build a dashboard.

Solution:
Step1: Upload the revenue dataset
Step2: In the power query editor as part of transformation remove the unnecessary columns
(Remove the last null column)
Question 1: Create a choropleth map (fill the map) to spot the special trends
to show the state which has the highest revenue.
Step1: Select the "Map" visualization from the Visualizations pane.(filled map)
Step2: Set Up the Map:

• Drag the state field to the "Location" field well.

• Drag the revenue field to the "Size" or "Values" field well.

Step3: Customize: In the "Format" pane, adjust settings such as color, size, and tooltips to
enhance readability. You can use color gradients to indicate different revenue levels, helping to
spot trends.

Question 2:Create a line chart to show the revenue based on the month of the year.
Step1:Add a Line Chart: Select the "Line chart" visualization from the Visualizations pane.
Step2: Configure the Chart:
• Drag the month field to the "Axis" field well.
• Drag the revenue field to the "Values" field well.

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Step3: Format: In the "Format" pane, you can customize the line color, axis titles, and other
aspects to clearly present the revenue trend throughout the year

Question 3: Create a bin of size 10 for the age measure to create a new
dimension to show the revenue.
Step1: Create Bins for age

• Go to the "Data" view and select the age field.

• Right-click on the age field and choose "New group".
• In the "Group" window, select "Bin" and set the bin size to 10.

Step2: Add to Visualization:

• Create a new visualization (e.g., bar chart or column chart). Here we used Stacked column
chart.
• Drag the new age bins field to the "X Axis" and the revenue field to the "Y axis”.

Question 4: Create a donut chart view to show the percentage of revenue per
region by creating zero access in the calculated field.
Step1: Add a Donut Chart: Select the "Donut chart" visualization from the Visualizations
pane.
Step2:Set Up the Chart:

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• Drag the region field to the "Legend" field well.
• Drag the revenue field to the "Values" field well.

Step3: Create Zero Access:

• Go to the "Format" pane, select "Detail labels", and set the "Label position" to "Inside" to
create a zero access effect.
• Adjust the "Detail" and "Percentage" settings as needed.

Note: The "zero access effect" is a visual design technique often used in data visualizations to
emphasize or clearly show zero values or the absence of certain data. This effect is
particularly useful in charts where you want to highlight how values are distributed relative to
zero, or where zero plays a significant role in the interpretation of the data.

Donut Charts:
In a donut chart, the zero access effect can be used to enhance readability by placing labels or
markers at the center of the chart or using a specific design to show where there is no data.

For example, if one segment of a donut chart represents zero revenue, you might design the
chart so that this segment is clearly visible or highlighted to indicate no revenue.

Question 5: Create a butterfly chart by reversing the bar chart to compare

female & male revenue based on product category.
Step1: Create a New Measure
TotalRevenue = sum(SalesTable[Revenue])
Method-1: By using stacked column chart

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Method 2:
Step 1:

Add Two Bar Charts:

o Create two separate bar charts from the "Visualizations" pane.

Step 2:

Configure the First Bar Chart (e.g., Female Revenue):

Drag ProductCategory to the "Axis" field.

Drag TotalRevenue to the "Values" field.

Apply a Filter:

▪ In the "Filters" pane, add a filter to show only Female revenue. You can drag Gender to the
"Filters" pane and set the filter to include only Female.

Step 3:

Configure the Second Bar Chart (e.g., Male Revenue):

Drag ProductCategory to the "Axis" field.

Drag TotalRevenue to the "Values" field.

Apply a Filter:

▪ In the "Filters" pane, add a filter to show only Male revenue. You can drag Gender to the
"Filters" pane and set the filter to include only Male.

Step 4:
Reversing the Bars:

• To create the butterfly effect, you need to reverse one of the bar charts. This involves

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• adjusting the direction of the bars so that they face opposite directions from the
center.
o Reverse the Bars:
▪ For one of the charts (e.g., Male revenue), you will need to use a calculated column or
measure to make the bars extend in the opposite direction. In Power BI, this can be achieved
by adjusting the data in the chart's settings or using custom visualizations if necessary.

Add Titles and Labels:

• Add clear titles and labels to each chart to indicate what data they represent (e.g., "Female
Revenue" and "Male Revenue").
• Customize the chart's appearance to enhance readability.

Question 6:Create a calculated field to show the average revenue per state &
display profitable & non-profitable state.
Step1: Create a New Measure

• Go to the Modeling tab and select "New Measure".

• Create the Average Revenue Measure:
• Enter the following DAX formula to calculate the average revenue per state:

AverageRevenuePerState =
AVERAGEX(
VALUES(SalesTable[State]),
CALCULATE(SUM(SalesTable[Revenue]))
)
Step2: Create a Calculated Column to Categorize States

Next, create a calculated column to classify states as profitable or non-profitable based on the
average revenue.

1. Go to the Modeling tab and select "New Column".

2. Create the Profitability Column:
Enter the following DAX formula to create a column that categorizes states as
profitable or non-profitable:

ProfitabilityStatus =

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IF(SalesTable[AverageRevenuePerState] > 1000,
"Profitable",
"Non-Profitable"
)
Step 3: Display the Results

1. Add a Table and select state, AverageRevenueState and ProfitablitiyStatus.

Extra : To get the Total value or single value

In Power BI, a Card visualization is used to display a single, important piece of data, such as
a key metric or a number. It is commonly used to show aggregate values like:

• Total Sales
• Average Profit

• Total Units Sold

• Number of Customers
The Card provides a clean and simple way to highlight critical metrics that are important for
decision-making. It's ideal for dashboard views where quick insights are needed.

To show the total revenue

Steps : 1.Select the card in the visualization pane.
2.Drag the Revenue field into the field well

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To Add filter or Slicer

Filter Data: Slicers filter data across multiple charts and visuals in a report. For example,
selecting a specific region or product category in a slicer can update all connected visuals to
reflect data only for that selection.

Steps : 1. Select slicer from the Visual pane

2. Drag the Country field into the field well

Question 7:Build a dashboard.

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Program10: Analysis of GDP dataset:

i) Visualize the countries data given in the dataset with respect to latitude and

Longitude along with country name using symbol maps

Step1: Bring Latitude in Row
Bring Longitude in Column

Step2: Bring Country in Color Marks Pane

Bring any Year Measured Value to Label after that You be able to see screen as in below

ii) Create a bar graph to compare GDP of Belgium between 2006 – 2026.

Step1:
Get Measured Names to Filter Pane then select as in years mentioned

2006 – 2026.Get Country to Filter and Select Belgium

Step2:
Drag Measured Name and Country into Column
Step3:
Drag Measured Value to Row You see outputs

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iii) Using pie chart, visualize the GDP of India, Nepal, Romania,
South Asia, Singapore by the year 2010.
Step1:
Get Country to Filter pane and select India, Nepal, Romania, South
Asia, SingaporeGet Measure Name to Filter and select 2010
Step2: Important Step

Select option of chart as Pie(instead of automatic in Marks Pane) andDrag Country in Color
frame
Finaly Sum or avg or anything of your choice to angle Frame ( For sum its SUM[(2010)], For
average itsAVG[(2010)] from measure value
The output result is as in below

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iv) Visualize the countries Bhutan & Costa Rica competing in terms of GDP.

Step1: Filter Country and Measure name Iike Bhutan,Costarics and 2016,2017,2018 as
year(Measure name)
Step2:Add Country and Measure Names in column, Measure Values in Row

Step3:For better view add Measure Names to Color frame in Marks pane

v) Create a scatter plot or circle views of GDP of Mexico, Algeria, Fiji, Estonia
from 2004 to 2006.
Step1:Add Country in filter as per requirement
Add measure names in filter and select as per requirement
Step2: Add Measured Name in Column and an add any measured values of year
2004,2005,2006Finally opt for Circle as option

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Program 11. Analysis of HR Dataset:

i) Create KPI to show employee count, attrition count, attrition rate, attrition count, active

employees, andaverage age.

ii) Create a Lollipop Chart to show the attrition rate based on gender category.

iii) Create a pie chart to show the attrition percentage based on Department Category- Drag

department into colours and change automatic to pie. Entire view, Drag attrition count to angle.
Label attrition count,change to percent, add total also, edit label.
iv) Create a bar chart to display the number of employees by Age group,

v) Create a highlight table to show the Job Satisfaction Rating for each job role based on
employee count.
vi) Create a horizontal bar chart to show the attrition count for each Education field Education

field wiseattrition – drag education field to rows, sum attrition count to col,
vii) Create multiple donut chart to show the Attrition Rate by Gender for different

Age group.Solution :

i) Create KPI to show employee count, attrition count, attrition rate, attrition
count, active employees, and average age.
Step1: Create a New measure
Employee Count = COUNT('HR'[EmployeeNumber])
Step2: Choose KPI card in the visualization and drag and drop the Employee Count. Format your
visualsof your style.

Step3: Create a New Measure

Attrition Count = COUNTROWS(FILTER('HR', 'HR'[Attrition]="Yes"))
Step4: Choose KPI card in the visualization and drag and drop the Attrition Count. Format your
visualsof your style.

Step5: Create a New Measure

Attrition Rate = DIVIDE([Attrition Count], [Employee Count], 0) * 100

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Step6: Choose KPI card in the visualization and drag and drop the Attrition Rate. Format your

visuals ofyour style.

Step7: To find active employees create a new

measure Active Employees = [Employee Count] -
[Attrition Count]
Step8: Choose KPI card in the visualization and drag and drop the Active Employees. Format your
visualsof your style.

Step9: To calculate average age create a new

measureAverage Age = AVERAGE(HR[Age])
Step10: Choose KPI card in the visualization and drag and drop the Average Age. Format your
visuals ofyour style.

ii) Create a Lollipop Chart to show the attrition rate based on gender category.
Power BI does not have a native Lollipop Chart, so you will simulate it using (any chart) a Line
andStacked column Chart

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iii) Create a pie chart to show the attrition percentage based on Department
Category-
Drag department into colours and change automatic to pie. Entire view, Drag attrition count to
angle. Labelattrition count,change to percent, add total also, edit label.
• From the Visualizations pane on the right, select the Pie Chart visual icon. This will add a
blankpie chart to your report canvas.

Set Up the Pie Chart:

• Drag the Department Field to the Legend area.
• Drag the Attrition Count Measure to the Values area.

Configure Data Labels and Formatting:

• Click on the Pie Chart to select it.
• Open the Format Pane (paint roller icon).

Change Data Label Settings:

• Go to the Data Labels section in the Format pane.
• Toggle Data Labels to On.
• In the Data Label settings, change Label Style to Percent. This will show the percentage
of eachdepartment's attrition relative to the total.
• To show the Total alongside the percentages:
o Ensure that Data Labels are visible and set to Show.
o You can add a Total Label in the Title or Tooltips sections if needed for additional context.

Format the Pie Chart:

• Adjust Colors:
o Go to the Data Colors section in the Format pane.
o You can customize colors for each department by clicking on the color next to the department
name and choosing the color you prefer.

• Edit Labels:
o If you want to customize the text in the labels, you can use the Data Label formatting optionsto
adjust font size, color, and display units.

Finalize Your Visualization:

• Ensure your pie chart looks as expected with percentages representing the attrition rate for
eachdepartment.

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iv) Create a bar chart to display the number of employees by

Age group,Step1: right click Age and choose new group and set
bin size as 5.
Step2: Choose any bar chart drag and drop new age bin and employee count.

V) Create a highlight table to show the Job Satisfaction Rating for each job role
based on employee count.
• Create a Matrix visual from the Visualizations pane.
• Drag the Job Role field to Rows.
• Drag the Job Satisfaction Rating field to Columns.
• Drag the Employee Count measure to Values.

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VI) Create a horizontal bar chart to show the attrition count for each
Education field Education field wise
Attrition – drag education field to rows, sum attrition count to col,
Step1: Horizontal bar chart It's called the Clustered Bar Chart or Stacked Bar Chart in the
visualizationpane
Choose stacked bar chart and set y axis is education filed and x axis is attrition count.

vii) Create multiple donut chart to show the Attrition Rate by Gender for
different Age group. Choose donut chart and drag and drop legend as gender
and value as attrition rate.
1. Select the Donut Chart from the Visualizations pane.
2. Create separate Donut Charts for different age groups.
• For each chart, filter the dataset based on age group (using the Age Group field created earlier).
3. Drag the Gender field to Legend.
4. Drag the Attrition Rate measure to Values.
5. Repeat for each age group, ensuring each donut chart represents a different age group with
genderbreakdown

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Note:
• Use Filters to dynamically adjust visuals where necessary (e.g., filter by Age Group or
EducationField).

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Program 12: Analysis of Amazon Prime Dataset:

i) Create a Donut chart to show the percentage of movie and tv shows
ii) Create a area chart to shows by release year and type
iii) Create a horizontal bar chart to show Top 10 genre
iv) Create a map to display total shows by country
v) Create a text sheet to show the description of any movie/movies.
vi) Build an interactive Dashboard.
Step1: Upload the Amazon CSV dataset.
Step2: Transform data and make the data ready for reporting.
As part of Transformation remove you can remove blank, null values and remove
columns whichis not required for analysis.
Step3: Select close and apply.

i).Create a Donut chart to show the percentage of movie and tv shows

• From the Visualizations pane, select the Donut chart.
• Drag the 'Type' field to the Legend section.
• Drag any suitable column (e.g., ID or Title) to Values, then set the aggregation to Count.
• Use filters to filter only movie and TV show.This will show the percentage of Movies vs TV
Shows.

ii).Create a area chart to shows by release year and type.

• Ensure your dataset contains a Release Year column and a Type column (Movies/TV Shows).

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Steps to Create Area Chart:

• Choose Area chart from the Visualizations pane.

• Drag the 'Release Year' field to the Axis section.

• Drag the 'Type' field to Legend.
• Drag the Title (or other identifying fields) to Values(Y Axis), and set the aggregation to Count.
• You’ll now see an area chart with Movies and TV Shows distributed over the years.

• Note: Use filters to filter only movies and TV show.

•

iii. Create a horizontal bar chart to show Top 10 genre.

Note: Make sure you have a Genre column in your dataset.(Rename the column listed in to Genre)

Steps to Create Horizontal Bar Chart:

• From the Visualizations pane, select Bar chart and adjust it to display horizontally.
• Drag the Genre column to the Axis section.
• Drag the Title (or other identifier) to Values, and set the aggregation to Count.
• In the Filters pane, filter the Top N to display the Top 10 Genres by the count of content.
• From the Visualizations pane, select Bar chart and adjust it to display horizontally.

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iv. Create a map to display total shows by country.

Make sure you have a country column in your dataset.

Steps to Create a Map:

• Choose Filled Map from the Visualizations pane.
• Write a new measure to count show id
count showid = count(amazon_prime_titles[release_year])
• Drag the Country field to the Location section.
• Check the count showed measure in the data pane.
• This will show a world map representing the total number of shows produced in each country.

v) Create a text sheet to show the description of any movie/movies.

• Ensure your dataset has a Description column for each movie/TV show.
• Choose Table from the visuals and check the title and description columns.
• You can add slicer to search by title to get the description.

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vi) Build an interactive Dashboard:

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