KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA SANGATHAN, BHUBANESWAR REGION

CLASS-XII MAX.MARKS:70
SUBJECT- BIOLOGY (044) TIME: 3HRS
General Instructions:
(i) All questions are compulsory.
(ii) The question paper has five sections and 33 questions. All questions are compulsory.
(iii) Section–A has 16 questions of 1 mark each; Section–B has 5 questions of 2 marks each;
Section– C has 7 questions of 3 marks each; Section– D has 2 case-based questions of
4 marks each; and Section–E has 3 questions of 5 marks each.
(iv) There is no overall choice. However, internal choices have been provided in some
questions. A student has to attempt only one of the alternatives in such questions.
(v) Wherever necessary, neat and properly labelled diagrams should be drawn

SECTION A
Q. No. 1 to 12 are multiple choice questions. Only one of the choices is correct. Select and write the
correct choice as well as the answer to these questions.
S.NO. QUESTION MARKS
1 Which among the following came into India as a contaminant with imported wheat, has 1
become ubiquitous in occurrence and causes pollen allergy
(a) Lantana
(b) Eicchhornia
(c) Parthenium
(d) Chenopodium
2. Ectopic pregnancies are referred as- 1
(a) Pregnancies with genetic abnormalities
(b) Implantation of defective embryo in the uterus
(c) Implantation of embryo at site other than the uterus
(d) Pregnancies terminated due to hormonal imbalance
3 Which of the following statements indicates parallelism in genes and chromosomes? 1
(i) They occur in pairs
(ii) They segregate during gamete formation
(iii) They show linkage
(iv) Independent pairs segregate independently
(a) (i) and (iii) (b) (ii) and (iii)
(c) (i), (ii) and (iii) (d) (i), (ii) and (iv)
4 In E.coli, the lac operon gets switched on when 1
a) lactose is present and it binds to the repressor
b) repressor binds to operator
c) RNA polymerase binds to the operator
d) lactose is present and it binds to RNA polymerase

5 The separated bands of desired DNA are cut out from the agarose gel and extracted 1
from gel piece is known as
a) southern blotting
b) western blotting
c) gel electrophoresis
d) elution
6 Observe the following diagram- 1
i)Each antibody molecule has four disulphide chains.
ii) an antibody is represented as H2L2.
iii) antibodies are found in the blood
iv) Different types of antibodies are produced outside
our body.

Identify the correct pair from the options given

below-
(a) i&ii (b) iii & iv (c) i& iv (d) ii &iii
7 BOD of four water bodies A, B, C and D were 20 mg/L, 8 mg/L, 300 mg/L and 100 mg/L 1
respectively. Which sample of the water body is more polluted?
(a) A (b) C
(c) D (d) B
8 The main reason why antibiotics could not always treat the bacteria-mediated diseases 1
is
(a) insensitivity of the individual following prolonged exposure to antibiotics
(b) inactivation of antibiotics by bacterial enzymes
(c) decreased efficiency of immune system
(d) the development of mutant bacterial strains resistant to antibiotics
9 In a given plant, red colour (R) of fruits is dominant over white fruit (r); and tallness (T) is 1
dominant over dwarfness (t). If a plant with genotype RrTt is crossed with a plant of
genotype rrtt, what will be the percentage of tall plants with red fruits in the next
generation?
(a) 25% (b)50%
(c )40% (d)60%
10 The hot spots of biodiversity conservation are characterized by: 1
(a) high levels of species richness and low degree of endemism
(b) low levels of species richness and high degree of endemism
(c) low levels of species richness and high degree of endemism
(d) high levels of species richness and high degree of endemism
11 Which of the following is an example of indirect estimate of population size? 1
(a) Counting the total number.
(b) Percent cover or biomass.
(c) Relative density measure as the number of fish caught per trap.
(d) Tiger census based on pug marks and faecal pellets.
12 Which of the following is/are used in recombinant DNA technology? 1
1. Agarose gel 2. Restriction endonuclease
3. Plasmid vector 4. Ethidium bromide
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 and 3
(c) 3 and 4 (d) All of these
Question No. 13 to 16 consist of two statements – Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Answer these questions
selecting the appropriate option given below:
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true but R is false.
D. A is False but R is true.
13 Assertion: The middle piece of sperm is called as power house of the sperm. 1
Reason: The numerous mitochondria coiling around axial filament produce energy for
the movement of the tail.
14 Assertion. When more than one adaptive radiation appeared to have occurred in an 1
isolated geographical area, one can call this convergent evolution
Reason: Placental mammals in Australia exhibit adaptive radiation
15 Assertion: Transgenic food may cause toxicity. 1
 Reason: transgenic substance have high nutrient content.
16 Assertion: The interaction between sea anemone that has stinging tentacles and the 1
clown fish that lives among them is Commensalism.
Reason: The fish gets protection from predators which stay away from the stinging
tentacles and anemone gets the benefit of transporting to other places.
SECTION B
17. Attempt either option A or B. 2
A. Given below is a flow chart showing ovarian changes during menstrual cycle.

i) Fill in the spaces giving the name of the hormones responsible for the events shown.
ii)Name the source of the ‘c’ hormone.
OR
B. (i) Where do the signals for parturition originate from in humans?
(ii) Why is it important to feed the new born babies on colostrum?
18 Attempt either option A or B. 2
A. Disease X is a chromosomal disorder occur due to autosomal aneuploidy. The
children with this syndrome suffer from severe mental retardation, short statured with
small round head, furrowed tongue and partially open mouth. Palm is broad with
characteristic palm crease.
(i) Name the disease ‘X’ and state main cause of autosomal aneuploidy in it.
(ii) What will be the genotype in males suffering from this disease?
OR
B. In Mendel’s breeding experiment on garden pea, the offspring of F2 generation are
obtained in the ratio of 25% pure yellow pod, 50% hybrid green pods and 25% green
pods State
(i) which pod colour is dominant?
(ii) the Phenotypes of the individuals of F1 generation.
(iii) Workout the cross.
19 (a)Name the plant source of the drug commonly called ‘smack. 2
(b)Why do sports person often fall a victim to cocaine addiction?
20 a. Name the organism in which the vector shown 2
is inserted to the copies of the desired gene.
b. Mention the area labelled in the vector
responsible for controlling the copy number of the
inserted gene.

21 Attempt either option A or B. 2

A. A population of 250 spotted deer was living without any carnivores in an
enclosure of a few hectares of rich tropical forest land. Deer census was taken
after a few years. Now study the graph and answer the questions that follows:
 (i) Identify the curve that represents the deer population.
(ii) Is it a realistic one? Justify.
OR
B. (i)Write the importance of measuring the size of a population in a habitat or an
ecosystem.
(ii) Explain with the help of an example how the percentage cover is a more meaningful
measure of population size than mere numbers.
SECTION C
22 If implementation of better techniques and new strategies are required to provide more 3
efficient care and assistance to people, then why is there a statutory ban on
amniocentesis? Write the use of this technique and give reason to justify the ban.
Or
Name two constituents of contraceptive pills? How to they help in contraception?
Mention the name of commonly used non-steroidal contraceptive pills.
23 (a) During polyembryony, if one embryo is formed from synergids and the other from 3
nucellus, state the one that is haploid and the one that is diploid
(b) Is it possible that an unfertilized apomictic embryo sac gives rise to a diploid
embryo? Give a reason in support of your answer.
24 The DNA packaging in eukaryotes is carried out with the help of lysine and arginine rich 3
basic proteins called histamine. The unit of compaction is nucleosome.
(a) What would happen if histones were to be mutated and made rich in valine and
glutamic acid in place of basic amino acids such as lysine and arginine?
(b) What is the role of non-histone chromosomal proteins in DNA packing?
25 Classify the following as examples of homology and analogy– 3
(i) Hearts of fish and crocodile
(ii) Wings of butterfly and birds
(iii) Eyes of Octopus and Mammals
(iv) Tubers of potato and Sweet potato
(v) Thorns of Bougainvillea and spines of Opuntia
(vi) Thorn of Bougainvillea and tendrils of cucurbits
26 Study the diagram showing replication of HIV in humans and answer the following 3
questions accordingly:
 i) Identify A, B, C and D in the given diagram.
ii) Name the two different cells that the new viruses subsequently attack.
27 3
Observe the above diagram and
answer the following questions-
(a) Identify A and B.
(b) How insulin is different from
Humulin?
(c) Which technology is used in
the preparation of Humulin
by Eli Lily company?

28 3

Observe the above F2 generation Results of two dihybrid crosses conducted by Morgan
and answer the following questions-
(A)What do the above crosses ‘A’ and ‘B’ illustrate?
(B) What does (+) sign in superscript represent?
(C) (i) How is the strength of linkage between y and w is different than w and m.
(ii)How does the strength of linkage vary with increase in age?

SECTION D
29 The main objective of application of biotechnology in agriculture is the production of 4
pest-resistant crops; this would also reduce the quantity of the pesticides/chemicals
used and decrease environmental pollution. Bt toxins produced by the
bacterium, Bacillus thuringiensis kills certain insects like lepidopterans, dipterans and
coleopterans. Several nematodes parasites a wide variety of plants. A novel strategy
has been adopted to prevent this infestation in tobacco plant.
(A) What is the scientific name of the nematode that parasitizes tobacco plants.
(B) Name the source of the complementary dsRNA for the novel strategy RNA
 interference.
Attempt either subpart C or D.
(C) How does Bt plants protect itself from pesticides?
OR
(D) What do you mean by RNAi?

30 Acquired immunity, on the other hand, is pathogen specific. It is characterized by 4

memory. This means that our body when it encounters a pathogen for the first time
produces a response called primary response which is of low intensity. Subsequent
encounters with the same pathogen elicit a highly intensified secondary or anamnestic
response. This is ascribed to the fact that our body appears to have memory of the first
encounter.

(A) Name the two types of cells that carry out the immune responses? (1)
(B)When does a human body elicit an anamnestic response? (1)

Attempt either subpart C or D.

(C) Write two characteristics of acquired immunity, other than being pathogen specific
(2)
OR
(D) How do both the cells of our immune system differ from each other in their
functions? (2)
SECTION E
31 Attempt either option A or B. 5
(A)(i) Explain the significance of each of the following features present in plants given
below:
a) In rose-bay plant the stamens ripen before the stigma.
b) In certain species of primrose, the flowers have short stamen and long style.
c) The bisexual flower of mustard exhibits rejection of self-pollen grain.
(ii) Explain how autogamy is prevented in castor and papaya plant respectively.
(OR)
(B) A large number of married couples the world over are childless. It is shocking to
know that in India the female partner is often blamed for the couple being childless.
(a) Why in your opinion the female partner is often blamed for such situations in India?
(b) State any two reasons responsible for the cause of infertility.
(c) Suggest a technique that can help the couple to have a child where the problem is
with the male partner.
32 Attempt either option A or B. 5
(A) Answer the following question regarding Griffith experiment
(i) Name the bacteria with which the experiment was done.
(ii) What do you mean by the R-Strain and S-Strain?
(iii) Did the mice develop the disease when he injected the heat killed S Strain to the
mice?
If Yes Why, if No why not?
(iv) Among the two strains which one is Virulent and why?
(v) What was the finding of his experiment?
OR
(B) (i)Describe the steps of post transcriptional modifications of hnRNA in a eukaryotic
cell.
(ii) How is this process of mRNA synthesis different from that in prokaryotes?
33 Attempt either option A or B. 5
(A) Alien species are highly invasive and are a threat to indigenous species.
Substantiate this statement with any three examples.
What are the two types of desirable approaches to conserve biodiversity? Explain with
examples bringing out the difference between the two types.
OR
B)

(a) What is an age pyramid?

(b) Identify -A, B, C. and mention their shapes.
(c) How does analysis of age pyramids can provide inputs for long term planning
strategies?
 KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA SANGATHAN, BHUBANESWAR REGION
CLASS: XII MAX. MARKS:70
SUBJECT :BIOLOGY TIME:3 HRS

(ANSWER KEY)

SECTION A
S.NO ANSWERS MAR
. KS
1 (c) Parthenium 1
2. (c) Implantation of embryo at site other than the uterus 1
3 (d) (i), (ii) and (iv). 1
4 (a) Lactose is present and it binds to the repressor 1
5 (d) elution 1

6 (d) ii &iii 1
7 (b) C 1
8 (d) the development of mutant bacterial strains resistant to antibiotics 1
9 (a) 25% 1
10 (d)high levels of species richness and high degree of endemism 1
11 (d) Tiger census based on pug marks and faecal pellets. 1
12 (d) All of these 1
Question No. 13 to 16 consist of two statements – Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Answer these
questions selecting the appropriate option given below:
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true but R is false.
D. A is False but R is true.
13 (A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A. 1
14 (B) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A 1
15 B) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A. 1
16 (C) A is True but R is False. 1
SECTION B
17 (i)a- FSH & LH b-LH, c- LH (ii) Pituitary gland ½*3 +½ 2
OR
(i) Signals for parturition originate from the fully developed foetus the placenta which
induce uterine contractions. This is called foetal ejection reflex.
(Any one) 1
(ii) Colostrum contains antibodies (IgA), to (passively) immunize the baby.
1
18 (i)X= Down’s syndrome , cause- inheritance of extra 21st chromosome 2
½ *4
(ii)genotype of male= 45 +XY
OR
(i) Green pod colour is dominant ½
(ii)Phenotype of F1 generation is Hybrid green ½
(iii) Parents GG(green) X gg (yellow) 1
F1 generation Gg (Hybrid green)
Gametes G g X G g
F2 generation GG Gg Gg gg
Phenotypic ratio 3 : 1
Genotypic ratio 1 : 2 : 1
19 (i)latex of poppy plant Papaver somniferum ½ 2
 (ii)Coccaine has a potent stimulating action on central nervous system, producing a
sense of euphoria and increased energy. Hence to improve the performance,sports
person often fall a victim to cocaine addiction. 1 ½
20 a.-Escherichia coli -1 1+1
b. Ori-Origin of replication -1 =2
21 a. Curve A-1 1+1
b. It is not realistic as resources become limiting sooner or later -1 OR =2
(a) By measuring the size of a population, following can be predicted: (i) Status of
the population in a habitat.
(ii) Outcome of competition with other species. (iii) Impact of predator or the effect
of a pesticide application (any2)
½ * 2=1
b. Example: Banyan tree and Parthenium plants. When banyan tree is compared
with 100 Parthenium plants, the population of banyan in terms of number is very
much low as compared to Parthenium. But in terms of percentage cover or biomass,
the banyan tree provides a much larger cover in comparison to 100 Parthenium
plants. Thus, the percentage cover or biomass is a more meaningful measure of
population size-1
SECTION C
22 Amniocentesis helps to determine any chromosomal abnormalities or genetic 1+1
disorders, sex of foetus and foetal infections, etc.,by using minute amount of +1=
amniotic fluid surrounding the foetus. 3
This prenatal diagnostic test is particularly useful for those women who are at
increased risk or have genetic disorders or chromosomal problems.
However, this is also misused to determine the sex of foetus which had ultimately
lead to increased female foeticides.
Therefore, government has imposed a statutory ban to prevent its further misuse and
to balance the unequal sex-ratio prevailing in human population
Or
Progesteron- estrogen combination
Inhibit ovulation, implantation, altered the quality of cervical mucus
saheli

23 (a)Embryo developed from the synergid- haploid and Embryo developed from the 1+1
nucellus- diploid. ½ *2 =1 +1=
(b) Yes, an unfertilized apomictic embryo sac can give rise to a diploid embryo. If the 3
megaspore mother cell develops into an embryo sac without meiotic division, it will
give rise to a diploid embryo. 1+ 1
24 (a) If histone proteins were rich in acidic amino acids instead of basic amino acids 3
then they may not have any role in DNA packaging in eukaryotes as DNA is also
negatively charged molecule. The packaging of DNA around the nucleosome would
not happen. Consequently, the chromatin fibre would not be formed. 1+1
(b) The packaging of chromatin at higher level requires non-histone chromosomal
proteins (NHC) 1

25 (i) Homology (ii) Analogy (iii) Analogy (iv) Analogy ½

(v) Analogy (vi) Homology *6=3
26 i)A-Virus infects normal cells. B- Reverse transcriptase 3
C- Viral DNA is incorporated into the host genome
D- New viral genetic material is produced from the infected cell. ½ *4=2
ii) Macrophages and helper T lymphocytes ½*2=1
27 (a) A- Proinsulin, B- C-Peptide ½*2 3
(b) insulin is synthesised naturally as a prohormone from beta cells of islets of
langerhans. 1
(c) Humulin is human insulin prepared synthetically
r-DNA technology 1

28 (a) Cross A shows crossing between gene y and w; Cross B shows crossing 1+1
between genes w and m. 1 +1=
(b) (+) sign in superscript represent dominant wild type alleles 3
1
(c) (i)The strength of linkage between y and w is higher than w and m. ½
*2=1
(ii)increases

SECTION D
29 (A) Meleidogyne incognitia 1 4
(B) Retrovirus and transposon ½ *2=1
(C) -B. thuringiensis produces a protein crystal containing a toxic protein in
inactivated state.
- Inactivated toxin in the midgut of the insect will become activated by the
alkaline pH medium.
-Activated toxin binds to the epithelial cells in the midgut of insect and
creates pores that cause lyses and swelling and eventually death of insect.2
OR
(D) In RNAi, a complementary RNA binds to mRNA to form a ds RNA, which
cannot translate and hence, its expression is blocked (Silencing).2
30 (a) B-lymphocytes and T-lymphocytes ½ X2 =1 4
(b) when our body encounters a pathogen for the second time.
-1
(c) i-It is characterised by memory of the first encounter with a pathogen.
(d) ii-it can differentiate the self cells from non-self cells.
1+! =2
(OR)
(d) B-lymphocytes produce an army of protein called antibodies which fight
with the antigens. T-lymphocytes stimulate B-lymphocytes to produce antibodies and
they are responsible for cell mediated immunity. 1X2=2
SECTION E
31 (I) (i) In rose – bay plant, the time of maturation of stamen and pistil is not same, the 5
pollen will not be able to germinate on the stigma. This prevents autogamy in rose-
bay. (1)
(ii) Different position and incompatible placement of the reproductive structure
prevent successful pollination and thus autogamy in primrose. (1)
(iii) Pollen pistil interaction for same species is not possible; this is a genetic
mechanism which prevent the pollen grain from forming pollen tube on the pistil of
the same flower. (1)
(II) The male and female flowers are present in the same plant but are not in
proximity preventing self-fertilization in castor. In papaya, the male flower and
female flowers are in different plants, it prevents autogamy. (2)
(OR)
(a) Female partner is often blamed due to following reasons: (i) Social mind set (ii)
Inequality of sexes (iii) Lack of awareness/male dominated society. (iv) Awareness is
to be created that abnormality can occur in both male and females and infertility
issues with suitable examples (v) Mutual respect towards both the partners in case of
 the problem and to find the remedy from medical experts (vi) Educate them to find
the reason and not believe in superstitions. (ANY 4 POINTS) ½ *4=2
(b) Infertility is caused due to physical abnormality in reproductive system,
congenital, immunological or psychological problems. 2
(c) Artificial Insemination. 1
32 5
(A) i. Streptococcus pneumoniae 1
ii. smooth shiny colonies (S) rough colonies (R).
½ *2=1
iii. heat-killed S strain bacteria injected into mice did not kill them as the
bacteria was killed by heating. ½ *2=1
iv.S-strain as it contains mucous (polysaccharide) coat. Mice infected with
the S strain (virulent) die from pneumonia infection. ½ *2=1
v. The R strain bacteria had been transformed by the heat-killed S strain
bacteria which enabled the R strain to synthesise a smooth polysaccharide
coat and become virulent. 1
(OR)
(a) Post-transcriptional modifications
i) The primary transcripts are non-functional, containing both the coding
region, exon, and non-coding region, intron, in RNA and are called
heterogenous RNA or hnRNA. 1
ii) The hnRNA undergoes two additional processes called capping and tailing.
½
iii) In capping, an unusual nucleotide, methyl guanosine triphosphate, is
added to the 5′-endof hnRNA. 1
iv) In tailing, adenylate residues (about 200–300) are added at 3′-end in a
template independent manner. 1
v)Now the hnRNA undergoes a process where the introns are removed and
exons are joined to form mRNA by the process called splicing. ½
(b) In prokaryotes, there is a single DNA-dependent RNA polymerase that
catalyses transcription of all types of RNA in bacteria. In bacteria, mRNA
does not require anyprocessing as it does not have any introns. 1

33 A. The Nile perch introduced into Lake Victoria in east Africa led eventually to the 5
extinction of an ecologically unique assemblage of more than 200 species of cichlid
fish in the lake. (1)
The environmental damage caused and threat posed to our native species by invasive
weed species like carrot grass (Parthenium), Lantana and water hyacinth
(Eicchornia). (1)
The introduction of the African catfish Clarias gariepinus for aquaculture purposes is
posing a threat to the indigenous catfishes in our rivers.(1)

in situ and ex situ

in situ – protection of organisms in their natural habitats Ex- protected areas, sacred
groves, Biosphere reserves(1)
ex situ- protection of organisms outside their habitat under special human care(1)
EX- zoo, gene bank

(OR)

B. (a) If the age distribution (per cent individuals of a given age or age group) is
plotted for the population, the resulting structure is called an age pyramid (1)
(b(A) Expanding, Pyramidal shape (B) stable, Bell shaped or (C) declining, urn
shape (½ *6)=3
(c) Age pyramids can provide us the inputs to find ways to control population size in
case of an expanding population. eg- family planning measures. (1)