T.C.

PÎRÎ REİS UNIVERSITY

MARITIME FACULTY
MARITIME TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT ENG. & MARINE ENGINEERING DEPARTMENTS
FALL SEMESTER OF 2019-2020 ACADEMIC YEAR
PHYSICS I (PHYS 111) MIDTERM EXAM

(Following items will be completed in ink) Date: November 15, 2019

Student’s Name & Surname :.............................................................

PRU Student Number :.............................................................

Section (choose one) :□1 □2 □3 □4 □5 □6 □7

Signature :.............................................................

INSTRUCTIONS:

1. No student shall be permitted to enter the examination room after the first 20 minutes.
2. No student shall be permitted to leave during the first 20 minutes of the examination.
3. Students are not permitted to ask questions to the invigilators, except in cases of supposed errors or
ambiguities in examination questions.
4. Students suspected of any of the following, or similar, dishonest practices will be immediately dismissed
from the examination and will be subject to disciplinary action:
- Having written and/or printed materials other than those authorized by the examiners.
- Speaking or communicating with other students.
5. Mobile telephones and all electronic devices (e.g. electronic watches, key rings, etc.) must be kept on
the invigilator's desk in “off” position.
6. All answers must be written down on the designated place or the blank place following the questions on
the examination paper. (Additional blank papers may be handed in by instructor when it is required.)

EACH STUDENT SHOULD BE PREPARED TO INTRODUCE STUDENT/ID CARD.

ALL YOUR WRITING MUST BE HANDED IN.

Books, course materials, calculators are not allowed.

Number of questions : 4
Time allocated : 60 minutes Grade :............................
Grading criteria : Each question weighs 25 points. Remarks about performance:
Instructors : Z. Akdeniz, O.S. Sarıyer, P. Demir, Q1: Q3:
G. Akın Evingür, A. Salman Durmuşlar
K. Özdemir
Q2: Q4:

Student’s instructor : ................................................

SEE QUESTIONS ON FOLLOWING FOUR PAGES.

GOOD LUCK.
(25 Points) #1. An object moves along the 𝑥 -axis. Its position is given as a function of time as
1 m
𝑥(𝑡) = 3.0 m + 2 𝐶 𝑡 2 − 2.0 s3 𝑡 3 ,

where 𝐶 is a constant. If at time 𝑡 = 2.0 s, the acceleration of the object has a magnitude of
18 m/s2 and is in the negative 𝑥-direction, find

a. (10 Points) the constant 𝐶 ,

b. (15 Points) the velocity of the object at 𝑡 = 2.0 s.
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑣
Hints: Velocity and acceleration of the object are 𝑣(𝑡) = 𝑑𝑡 and 𝑎(𝑡) = 𝑑𝑡 . Derivative of a
𝑑
power function is calculated as 𝑑𝑡
(𝐴 𝑡 𝑏 ) = 𝐴 𝑏 𝑡 𝑏−1. Derivative of the sum of two functions
𝑑 𝑑𝑓 𝑑𝑔
equals the sum of the derivatives of the functions: 𝑑𝑡 (𝑓(𝑡) + 𝑔(𝑡)) = 𝑑𝑡
+ 𝑑𝑡 .

Solution (show all your work):

𝑑𝑥 𝑑 1 m m
Velocity of the object is: 𝑣(𝑡) = 𝑑𝑡
= 𝑑𝑡 (3.0 m + 2 𝐶 𝑡 2 − 2.0 s3 𝑡 3 ) = 𝐶 𝑡 − 6.0 s3 𝑡 2 .

𝑑𝑣 𝑑 m m
Acceleration of the object is: 𝑎(𝑡) = 𝑑𝑡 = 𝑑𝑡 (𝐶 𝑡 − 6.0 s3 𝑡 2 ) = 𝐶 − 12 s3 𝑡 .

m m m m
a. At 𝑡 = 2.0 s : −18 s2 = 𝑎(2.0 s) = 𝐶 − 12 s3 × 2 s = 𝐶 − 24 s2 ⟹ 𝐶 = (24 − 18) s2

Therefore, 𝐶 = 6.0 m/s2 .

m m m m 𝑡
b. 𝑣(𝑡) = 𝐶 𝑡 − 6.0 s3 𝑡 2 = 6.0 s2 𝑡 − 6.0 s3 𝑡 2 = 6.0 s2 𝑡 (1 − 1 s)

m 2.0 s m m
At 𝑡 = 2.0 s : 𝑣2 ≡ 𝑣(2.0 s) = 6.0 s2 × 2.0 s × (1 − ) = 12 × (1 − 2.0) = 12 × (−1.0).
1s s s

Therefore, 𝑣2 = −12 m/s .

(25 Points) #2. A projectile motion has maximum height 𝐻 and 𝑦
level horizontal range 𝑅 , see figure. The projectile’s initial
horizontal speed is 𝑣0𝑥 , and its initial vertical speed is 𝑣0𝑦 . The 𝑣0𝑦 𝑣0
gravitational acceleration is 𝑔 . 𝐻
𝑣0𝑥 𝑥
a. (10 Points) Find 𝐻 in terms of 𝑣0𝑥 , 𝑣0𝑦 and 𝑔 . 𝑅
b. (10 Points) Find 𝑅 in terms of 𝑣0𝑥 , 𝑣0𝑦 and 𝑔 .
b. ( 5 Points) If 𝑅 = 2𝐻 and 𝑣0𝑥 = 10 m/s , what is the initial vertical speed 𝑣0𝑦 ?

Hints: Kinematic equations for a projectile motion in horizontal (𝑥 ) and vertical (𝑦) directions are:
𝑥(𝑡) = 𝑥0 + 𝑣0𝑥 𝑡 , 𝑣𝑥 (𝑡) = 𝑣0𝑥 , 𝑦(𝑡) = 𝑦0 + 𝑣0𝑦 𝑡 − ½𝑔𝑡 2 and 𝑣𝑦 (𝑡) = 𝑣0𝑦 − 𝑔𝑡 .

Solution (show all your work):

a. The time 𝑡𝐻 it takes for the projectile to reach maximum height can be found from
𝑣
zero vertical speed at maximum height: 0 = 𝑣𝑦 (𝑡𝐻 ) = 𝑣0𝑦 − 𝑔𝑡𝐻 ⟹ 𝑡𝐻 = 𝑔0𝑦 .

2 2 2
𝑣0𝑦 1 𝑣0𝑦 1 𝑣0𝑦
Therefore, the maximum height is 𝐻 = 𝑦(𝑡𝐻 ) − 𝑦0 = 𝑣0𝑦 𝑡𝐻 − ½𝑔𝑡𝐻2 = 𝑔
−2 𝑔
⟹ 𝐻=2 𝑔
.

2𝑣0𝑦
b. The projectile reaches the level horizontal range at time 𝑡𝑅 = 2𝑡𝐻 = 𝑔
.

2𝑣0𝑥 𝑣0𝑦
Therefore, the level horizontal range is 𝑅 = 𝑥(𝑡𝑅 ) − 𝑥0 = 𝑣0𝑥 𝑡𝑅 ⟹ 𝑅= 𝑔
.

1 𝑣0𝑦 𝑣0𝑦 1 2𝑣0𝑥 𝑣0𝑦

c. We use these findings in the relation 𝐻 = ½𝑅 : 2 𝑔
=2 𝑔
⟹ 𝑣0𝑦 = 2𝑣0𝑥 .

Therefore, 𝑣0𝑦 = 2 × (10 m/s) ⟹ 𝑣0𝑦 = 20 m/s .

(25 Points) #3. A boat must land on point-A after crossing a river that is
𝑑 = 30 m wide (see figure). The river velocity (relative to ground)
is 𝐯⃗RG = (1.0 km/hour) 𝐢̂. Note the 𝑥 - and 𝑦-directions in figure. The
boat is moving with a constant velocity, and it reaches the point A in
𝑇 = 3.0 minutes. Find the boat’s velocity vectors,

⃗ BG , relative to the ground,

a. (10 Points) 𝐯
⃗ BR , relative to the river.
b. (15 Points) 𝐯

Hints: You can give your answers in any units as long as they are velocity units. If velocity of
A relative to B is 𝐯⃗AB , and velocity of B relative to C is 𝐯⃗BC , then velocity of A relative to C is
𝐯⃗AC = 𝐯⃗AB + 𝐯⃗BC . Velocity of C relative to A is 𝐯⃗CA = −𝐯⃗AC . For an object moving at a constant
velocity 𝐯⃗, the displacement ∆𝐫 during a time ∆𝑡 can be solved from the definition of average
velocity: 𝐯⃗ = ∆𝐫/∆𝑡.

Solution (show all your work):

𝑑 30.0 m 0.0300 km km
a. Velocity of boat with respect to ground is: 𝐯⃗BG = 𝑇 𝐣̂ = 3.0 min 𝐣̂ = 0.050 h
𝐣̂ ⟹ 𝐯⃗BG = 0.60 h
𝐣̂ .

b. Velocity of boat with respect to river is: 𝐯⃗BR = 𝐯⃗BG + 𝐯⃗GR ⟹ 𝐯⃗BR = 𝐯⃗BG − 𝐯⃗RG .

km
Velocity of river with respect to ground is: 𝐯⃗RG = 1.0 h
𝐢̂ .

km km km
Therefore, 𝐯⃗BR = 𝐯⃗BG − 𝐯⃗RG = 0.60 h
𝐣̂ − 1.0 h
𝐢̂ ⟹ 𝐯⃗BR = (−1.0 𝐢̂ + 0.60 𝐣̂) h
.
(25 Points) #4. A block of mass 𝑚 = 0.5 kg is pulled down a
frictionless inclined plane with a force of magnitude 𝐹 = 7 N and 𝑚 𝐅
direction parallel to the incline, see figure. The inclination angle
is 𝜃 = 37°.
𝜃
a. ( 5 Points) Draw the free-body diagram for the block.
b. (10 Points) Find the magnitude of the normal force on the block.
c. (10 Points) Find the magnitude of the acceleration of the block.

Hints: Take cos 37° = 0.8 , sin 37° = 0.6 , and the gravitational acceleration as 𝑔 = 10 m⁄s 2 .
Newton’s 2nd law of motion states that Σ𝐅 = 𝑚𝐚⃗, where Σ𝐅 is the net force acting on an object
of mass 𝑚 and acceleration 𝐚⃗.

Solution (show all your work):

a. We begin by choosing a reference frame and drawing the free body diagram for the block.

𝐹N

𝐹
𝐹W𝑥
𝐹W𝑦 𝜃 𝑥

𝐹W = 𝑚𝑔

Block’s weight has +𝑥-component 𝐹W𝑥 = 𝑚𝑔 sin 𝜃 and −𝑦-component 𝐹W𝑦 = 𝑚𝑔 cos 𝜃.

b. Since the block slides on the plane, 𝑦-component of its acceleration is zero.

Thus, according to Newton’s 2nd law, there is no net force in 𝑦-direction.

In 𝑦-direction: Σ𝐹𝑦 = 0 ⇒ 𝐹N − 𝑚𝑔 cos 𝜃 = 0 ⇒ 𝐹N = 𝑚𝑔 cos 𝜃 .

𝐹N = 𝑚𝑔 cos 𝜃 = (0.5 kg)(10 m/s 2 )(0.8) = 4 kg ∙ m/s2 ⇒ 𝐹N = 4 N .

𝐹
c. In 𝑥-direction: Σ𝐹𝑥 = 𝑚𝑎 ⇒ 𝐹 + 𝑚𝑔 sin 𝜃 = 𝑚𝑎 ⇒ 𝑎= + 𝑔 sin 𝜃 .
𝑚

𝐹 7N
𝑎= + 𝑔 sin 𝜃 = + (10 m/s 2 )(0.6) = 14 m/s2 + 6m/s2 ⇒ 𝑎 = 20 m/s2 .
𝑚 0.5 kg