L'Rl�l\RLIII SJ:'.Rt:IGGt!

i\Nfl Ci10tl\ !M�IR!

 MEDIEVAL HISTORY
700-1200AD 1206-1526AD 1526-1707AD

Early Medieval Mughals

✓Gurjara Pratiharas ✓sultans ✓Mughals

✓Rajputs ✓Vijayanagar Empire ✓Marathas
✓Palas ✓eahamani Sultanate ✓oeccani Sultanate
✓Rastrakutas ✓European Traders
✓cholas

· Satvahanas started land donations

• founder: Nagabhata I to 'Brahmans

-- - --.- - -
Chamhana/Chauchan
SINO
@,,
� (. EPAL •

•Owaor

CHA DE S

--,.► 'Rashtrak-t1ta • 8th Century A1)

LA
A · 700-800 j\1)

, Ba
CHALUKY S

PAL of

Also known as �annatn Triangle Wars took place

between 'Palas, 'Pratiharas, 'Rashtrakutas during 8th and
9th centuries
'Pala

founder: Gopala -+founder of 0dantapur

Son: 'l)harmapala ➔founder of Vikramshila University
'l)efeated lndrayudh

t
founder: Vflayalaya
feudatory to 'Pallavas
Captured Taryore/Tharyavur from Muttaraiyar
tBuilt a temple for goddess Nishumbhasudeni

'Rulers:
'Ra·a 'Ra·a I (985-1014 A'I))
ontemporary to Mahmud of Ghazni
'l)efeated Cheras at Trivandrum
'l)efeated 'Pandavas and conquered Madurai
Invaded Sri Lanka
'Ra·endra I (1012-1044 'I))� Napoleon of South India
ompletely over ran Cheras and 'Pandyas
Complete! conquered Sri Lanka
rossed Ganga and defeated 2 local �ings of 'Bengal
ITitle assumed: Gangaikondachola
['Built a new city Gangaikondacholapuram
Carried Naval 'Expedition against Sri VDaya 'Empire and Sailendry 'Dynasty

Western Chalukyan Vangadesam

(Pala)
Odda •Pagan
nl
Kalinga
Burmese

Western
Chalukyas • Vengl

Kanc:hlpuram•
Gangaikonda Cholapuram
Na apattlnarn
Toar;avur •
eCaha,,a
IC

anka eKadaram
OC.W.I

- Trade Routes
C hola Territory
C hola lnfl uence
Shailendra 'Dynasty
�
(.'Believed in 'Buddhism
 · Chola fought against Chalukyas of Kalyani
· Chola empire declined during early part of 13th Century
· 'Place of Cholas was taken by� 'Pandyas and Hoysalas
· 'Place of late Chalukyas was taken by ➔ Yadavas and Kakatiyas

famous for star

shaped temple

• King hast all the authority

• He had Council of Ministers to advice him
• Chola tmpire divided into:
LMandalams (province)

1 further divided into

Valanadu/Nadu
 Chola Government r 'Decentralised
-
• Cholas are known for local/village government
• 2 Assemblies
----c;:Assembly of common people r Agrahars Land of 13rahmins
L ;��ha: Assembly of learned 'Brahmins
➔

• Affairs of village were managed by an executive committee

� t:rection held � every member of
committee appointed
t� reop1e w1·th proper ty or
for 3 yrs
land were privileged to
take part in elections

land 'Donations during Cholas

1. 'Brahmadeya: land donated to 'Brahmans
2. Vellanvagi: land donated to non-'Brahmans
3. 'Oevadana: land donated to temples
4. 'Pallichhandam: land donated to Jain community

Tax during Chola t::mpire

• Two types:
EVetti: forced labour
�adamai: land revenue
All listed in UNl:SCO Heritage
r
Great living Chola Temples
I
'Sri a<Jeshvara Temple Airavatesvara Temple
'Built by: 'Raja 'Raja II
At Tal)jore � Also known as 'Rqjarqjeshwara Temple
• 'Built by: 'Raja 'Raja I

At Gangaikondacholapuram
• 'Built by: 'Rajendra I
Temr,le Architecture

Nagara style 1)ravida style

• Chief deity installed here Main entry/
• Also known as Sanctum hall where
bell is placed

North Indian Style Temr,le

(,)

• Some North Indian style follows 'Panchayatan style

8 (.:)

1.Ardhamandapa
2.Mandapa 7.Transepls
3.Mahamaodapa 8.Jaga1i
9.Subsidiary shrines
S. Garba grilra
I Plan of Kandariya Mahad-Temple [
 'Brihadeshwara Temple at Taryore

�-.,- In South Indian temples

Nandi is placed outside

Shiva Temple at Gangaikondaeholapuram

 Airavateshw,m.a Temple at Kumbakonam

Kandariya Mahadeva Temple at Madhya 'Pradesh

• 'Built by: Chandela 'Dynasty

Inside
 Virupaksha Temple at Hampi, �arnataka
• 'Built by: Chalukya 'Dynasty
• Vesara style CNagara + 'Oravida)

'Dancing figure of Shiva

Natrqj .,,,e._--­
'Performing Tandava

Made of 'Bronze
using lost wax technique

T EG C @p
 One liners CMCQs)

· In early 11th century, the Chola king 'Rqjendra I built a Shiva temple and filled it with
Sun-pedestal seized from the: Chalukyas

'Brihadeshwara A sun pedestal from the Chalukyas, a Ganesha statue and

Temple ,t _several statues of '[)urga; a Nandi statue from the eastern
\.../Chalukyas; an image of 'Bhairava Ca form of Shiva) and
'Bhairavi from the Kalinga of Orissa; and a Kali statue
from the 'Palas of 'Bengal

. The post •Nagara-Shreshti" means: Merchants of the city

Chief 'Banker

. 'Bhillasvamin (Madhya 'Pradesh) was grown as a temple town during the Chola '[)ynasty

· Territories to the South and North that were made part of Chola Kingdom: 'Pandayan
and 'Pallava

• Vflayalaya built Nishumbhasudini Goddess Temple in Thar»avur

• Kailash Temple built by: Kailash Temple

T EG C @p
'()t:LHI SULTANATt:

C @p
 'Delhi Sultanate 'Period: 1206-1526

foreign Invasions
· The first Muslim in�asion: Mohpmmad 'Bin Qasim's Invasion (712 A'D)
_
• In S1ndh part of India 4. �illed 'Raja 'Oahir
• He came from Arab

r1001 A'D: 1st attack

T
Country: Turkmenistan
)
• Tne first Turi< invasion: Mahmud Gha2navi's Invasion (998-1030 A'D)
4Attacked 17 times
• 'Reason: 'Re
y;
e and Loot
'Death: 1030 A'D for his father's (Subuktigin) death

tar ier rufed by�·a-auanala

'V
'Battle of 'Peshawar against
;&•• ,:;

� Ghaznavi (1001 A1ll

• Ghanavi invaded Somnath
16th tim& __. Temple (1025 A'D)
17th ti .-. • Laaf attek: 1027 A'D

Writers during Gha2navi's time:

• firdausi wrote: Shahnama
• Al 'Beruni wrote: Tahquiq-e-1-tind

T EG C @p
, Second Turk invasion: Mohammad Ghori's invasion (1175-1206 A'D)
· 1st attack:-1175 A'D� In Multan
.1178 A'D➔ In Gujarat
i'
'Defeated by 'BhimaV

Torain
'Delhi � Then ruled by 'Prithviraj Ill
('Prithviraj Chauhan)
Gharwal
Jai C�and 'Battle between 'Prithviraj and Ghori:
-!, •1st 'Battle of Torain: 1191 A'D (won by
'Daughter: Sanyogita 'Prithviraj)
·2ntJ 'Battle of Torain: 1192 A'D (won by
Ghori)

Writer in 'Prithvirqj Chauhan's court: • �rith Queen: Karpura 'Devi

• Chandra 'Bardai wrote: 'Prithviraj 'Raso t!
.f Someshwara
According to it Ghori attacked 17 times

Ghori again invaded India

-'Battle of Chan'1awer: C1124 A'D): between Ghori and Jai Chand

• Qutubuddin Aibak (commander of

• Slave 'Dynasty (1206-90 A'D)
Ghori) helped in 'Battle of Tarain
· The Khibi 'Dynasty (1290-1320 A'D)
• Other slaves of Ghori:
· The Tuglaq 'Dynasty (1320-1414 A'D)
> Yalduz
· The Sayyid 'Dynasty (1414-1451 A'D)
> Qubacha
· The lodhi 'Dynasty (1451-1526 A'D)
, 'Bhaktiyar Khibi ➔ 'Destroyed Nalanda
University

T EG C @p
 The Slave 'Dynasty (1206-1290A'D)
��------>,,Also known as Mamluk 'Dynasty
QutubuddinAibak: 1206-10 • 'Rulers belonged to llbari tribe
• He ruled Lahore (Capital)
· He was given the title 'Lakh 'Baksh' (giver of Lakhs)
• He died in 1210 while playing Chaugan or polo
• He eonstrueted two Mosques: Quwat-ul-lslam at 'Delhi andAdhai din ka Jhonpra at �mer

wat-uHslam next to Qutub Minar Made of Corbeled Teehnique

;
'Built in: 12th Century

Adhai din ka Jhopra at �mer

Aibak was only available to
eomplete the basement
(
• He also begun the eonstruetion of Qutub Minar, in the honour of famous Sufi Saint
�hwcya Qutubuddin 'Bhaktiyar �aki
• He patronised writers like: Hasan -un-Na2ami (author of Tcy-ul-Massir) and
fakhruddin (author of Tarikh-i-Mubarak Shahi)

T EG C @p
 Qutub Minar
5 storeys (73 m)

I
> Son-in-law of Qutubuddin
Shamsuddin lltutmish (1211-36)
• He made 'Delhi the Capital in place of Lahore
· He saved 'Delhi Sultanate from the wrath of Chengiz �han
· Nizam ul Mulk was his Wazir ('PM)
died it 1227 A'D

• J;te introduced: Silver coin (tanka) and Copper coin yital)

• Organised the -'Piece of land
• He set up the official nobility of slaves known as Chahalgani Chalisa (group of
40)

T EG C @p
 'Razia Sultana: 1236-1240 A'D
• 'Daughter of lltutmish
• The first Lady and only Muslim lady who ever ruled in India
• Altunia, governor of 'Bhatinda refused to accept suzerainty of 'Razia, 'Razia
accompanied by Yakut marched against Altunia
• Altunia got Yakut murdered and imprisoned 'Razia
· Later Altunia and 'Razia got married
• In 1240 A'D, 'Razia became the victim of a conspiracy and was assassinated near
�aithal CHaryana) � 'By �hokhar tribe
· She patronised: Minh -al-Sirqj
i
Wrote: Tabakat-e-Nasiri

Ghiyassuddin 'Balban: 1266-1287 A'D

· He broke the power of Chalisa and restored the prestige of the crown
· He established the military department 'Oiwan-i-Arz >- Insignias Chhatra
• Title taken: Zil-i-llahi (shadow of Allah)--::+'Oescendants of Afrasiyab
• He introduced Sijda (prostration before the monarchy) and 'Paibos (kissing the feet
of monarch) as the normal form of Salutation

• Last ruler: �haiqubad

One Liners CMCQs)

• Sultan Mahmud came to India from Afghanistan city: Ghazni

• Chahamana ruler: 'Prithviraj Ill

• Mongols under Genghis �han invaded Transoxiana in North-'£ast Iran in: 1213

• Muhammad Ghori attacked Tarbarhinda ('Bhatinda), a strategic point for 'Prithvirqj

Chauhan

T EG C @p
· Queen Naikidevi defeated Muhammad Ghori

• vhruvasena Ill is related to: Vataka 1)ynasty

• Timur invasion: 1398

• Alexander invasion in India: 326 'BC (used Khyber 'Pass to enter India)

T EG C @p
 1litat Sl1tT�Nl\L'E
(�hifii/Tuglaq/Lodi)

TE=l!.=GRAM SE=ARCH - @parmarvideo

 C
•141 1uMfl Khy: 1290-1296110
ll• f.....W tho KhiJi Oyno,tg
Ncpho"'
Alauijdin l,(h iJii: 1296-1316
l\lauijdin'• wn,,.,ialiom
-�...tnai,rt,writtonby Molik
Gl/jrnrt (1298)
MUh•mmo� J"ll"ai
onthomb<n <1301)
1--,,\1""",.,, (1303>-C.pit.t Chittw

•7=• •
Mllw4C1305)
Jalor (1311>
�Wu on 111una,
lou""1'• """11 lod by Molik l,(ofur
/ ll• "5P..ta.t
· ,/_ 'R#n Chonih CY•oia•• 'Rul&r of 1lc...-;>
Tilfe toklll llftu Alou,...n bought h,m
_ 'l'ratol> 'Rudrodevcl (Kal<Altiyo rulu of Warangall
1lauon oxpedifion from Gl!jamt Morkat ir &llal Ill (110�...i• ruf,r of Owortamudml
S i kand.r-,,..Sairli at :WOO dindra hence
V'r fondljCI ('Pandit!• rule r of ModUNi)
l<afur i:s ol,o le,-,..
10001lirwi

A<tninistrdtiVe 'Reforms
,�, h (tlla bnlnd"'!I of hor..)ond Chohro CJu....,tiva roll of ••ldu,>
,
Th•PF• 4 ljufio

-lll'flOaM....,.. _ onul'fd all l,rld t o t,e,,neo,uru and fh,n th• ahon of rtate
w.. to bo fixN 4,
'8g Spscial Offi<u: MwtamJ (�lleetod tho
re.verus) '-
TIii" of tdX P•l/8d by
(wlti,,ton
l"'f'03M'. 3 tgi,.. ·Z4kat ta: ifll>...d on ri<h mualima
• J4¥ l&visd on Non-Mu.dima
• Ghomi: llou•• tax -=-I Tint im1N'11Mle.l "9 � - 1lin Qua•.n
• Chat&: fastorol ta•

, c-Lc-�"f-\1v1 SFARCH - @parmarvideo

 · N«:41;" a&t up ttiru mariata: for food g,-.ii'II, for eoatlv cloth aM horsaa�a
•r.ct> ""'rbt ll1<Mr �ntrol : Shohno Chifh offiurl
{
M•i•tainod • l'lfjister of the Menhonts ""'
Shoplctepu and tht priu,
.Check on mu1cu b',j two off,cuo: o..,.,..;..�r o nd St,.,na..-M•ndi
•NA p,,j,f« ..1e .,.,. brouilht 10., °"'"marke� s.,.+Adal
l\lo
•'Built: i fart, l\lai 1larwqja Cent"""" of Qutull Mi,.., ) , 1'aiGU o f thou:11ind 1'ilor, {f102ar
SlllUn), llauz Khu (tank)
��Uilt fl'Offl 7 eifiet-+ 1tt. Qvil• 1!ai 'Pith0nl b',j TGmor 'D!,l,lsty
,utablished: 2nd eil!f of 'Doi�Siri
•Tomb of l\louaiin: 1l&lhi

•1'om>n of. /lrt w learning

·ColWt ·r Khu.rou Cfo•>
""'+T'rtto: Tvti-e-�ind C,,.rrot o
India)
--➔·Storud Q""""""i in lncli•
·&••• Sult.n�hon
tat• ,. l(fi!ji

, In 1316: Malik l(of<lr o,ied

�,..,; :i&iz&d the tmno aftu Alauddin'• death Aloi 'D«w,;,,

·Mlblnilc Khon: 1316-20 �

• KhUJr11u Khon: 1320 Ml

(jhiyawddin Tugio41320-25 AO
• Lasr King of Khi!ji 1lyna,t9 Khwrou Khcn wa, k;it&d by (lhozi Malik (tool: till& . Ghiyo11Uddin
T�
·1li&i in an aGGilent •nd ... ,........,by ... J,una {U IIJ,!h Kh•nl
T
Ti!IJ oauool: Mohan,mad ilin
Tugloq

TE=lE=GRAM SE=ARCH - @parmarvideo

 ohdmmod 11in T%1oq: 1325-51 A1l
·T,...,ludurit'!j his timo: lbn 1!attut•-+from -= ond """'•: llihl• ARMA
......__k--'
,Writcr «llrinf his roifn< Zi•llddin 'B<woni ..,._ Wrote: Torikh+foroz ,hohi dlld T •• .
i-J.holl<Wi
·Also k"""'n"' •.,;.,st fool'
•Toxotion in 1loob (1326)
•T....,•r&d tho Car,itol(13:27� From 06/hi to 0.&A,taboa-+ Oiw.;ri

·fl• propos&d 10wn,1e1n expaditiOll (1329}

•Ql,roehil ,x,,..ilion <1330)
-�•fiofl of T• Oanney <13:29>: 11rOlllel1 •Ul'l'CNf wi!h high ••lu•
Tircz Shall Ti,t"'I <1351-138& flO>
·Tho aol-'cn wore not pod ,:oat, but !Iv Ga1i9nmcnta on land nvinu• of •ilot.,_
V�h•
"Jilyd btcam& UJl.irora r.ix during hiJ Mic
• lmposu ,.,. kinds of taxes m•nt�n&d in Q,.rc,n;
llhorqj: 10/ld fllX • V10 of tho prodlu
lakat: 2" !OX GIi prop<rfy
Jizgd: i,,,i&d o n l'lorl-,\'cis&m,
llhom.s: V5 booty ••,mm,d during ...,

·'Roi,ainld no. of oonals""" impoaod: floMlue-i-Sh•rb on4 llosil - iShor1>

- Cwoter toil
· 11u11: r,tellobad, IJis,r, J•un finu&o«
G;
the noms of .......,mmed 'Bin
Tughlo'I-Joun•
• tstd. • hoopitol ot 1loltic O.,r-.,1-Shifo
• N&111 ""'"'tmMt 1)...,,,..i-kh•ir•t -'>'for lndrriogo of poor girls
• I-l it 'PM: l<.hon-i-Johon M<wp.11
•-Ckt••9ffl'I' mode herodilory

TE=lE=GRAM SE=ARCH - @parmarvideo

 Toimtr ;,w.,ion: 1398
111:Cgoloid �1lurinfi th s the ast ruler wos:
i l
/1\uhonm,� Shah Tugloq

Sag�id 'Ogna,ty
• l<ti:ir Kh<ln: 1414-21
-�bon,k Shoh 1421-34
·�hamma<I Shah: 1434-43
.,,,...m !hit 1 4 4 351
-

Lodi 'D!,l•st9: 1489-1526

,fwnd•r.&t-lol lodhi (1451-88)

Sikan• l.o<t>i : 1489-1517)

• C.,,�•t ,hifted l'nm Oelhi to Ava (founded by twn>
• lnlr<><llolol: Go,+Slandari (Sik""""'s gerdl ,t 32 digits fer moo,uring olltivoted
fields
• fie ..,., • po&t ani composed: J><)UIIS in l'l!rli�N<h i (poll n,moJ
•G.lvt orilcra to buiW: Moth ki

lbr•him l.odhi 1 5 1 72-6

rought 1lottt• of 1'•nipot ..,,fh 1lolu
)
(1526)
Ooulot l(hon ,i,&bur

C&ntnal /tdminismation
.1);..,on+wiZllrot: 1)epor11nent of finonu
• 'l);won+Arz Mi it11ry
l '!Mportmont o+-1lolban OoulJI& demo
· 1)iwon+lnaho: Ocp•r11n•nt of cor....,.ndenu
•1liwo,H-1osalot. 1leportrnMt of ,.,,,,....,
-1liwon-i-Mua11t•khf4i:'lltp<1r11Mnt of l\m.,. _ l\loudd,n l<hi§ ,
•'l);won+�asot1lepor11n<n1 of Cornmau
, 1Jiwon+l(oll,:0eportm&nt oF ,\griculfu...._ 1,1a _ 'llin Tu91Nq
· 1Jiwon+1lo•n: Oeportm•nt of S..,..
�SI-

IC- ::>c:-f-\"'-'rl - @parmarvideo

 /fim Shah Tu�laq
. 1Jiwon-i-Khoirot V.piwttnont cl Chait�
· 1liw•n-Hathid4 1l"l'•r1m6nt of 1\wl.,ion

ON Unen <MCQ,>

• .-,,.ng• -Polo rulod b•f•r• -Prith•Rj Chouhon

TE=lE=GRAM SE=ARCH - @parmarvideo

Vlji\�i\Ni\Gi\�i\ IM'Pl�I i\N'I)
'Bi\l:iMi\NI

C @p
 Vijayanagar 'Empire: 1336-1565 A'D

GMeaning: City of Victory

�udirai Chettis
Arabian Horses
INDIA

Bay of
Bengal

'Raichur doab

'Pampahampi
· The ruins of 1-f ampi bought to light in 1800 by an engineer and antiquarian named:
Colin Mackenzie
• It is also known as 1-f a{'lpi, the name derived from that of the local mother goddess,
'Pampadevi 4 Capital of Vijayanagar
· Contemplatives describe this empire as: �arnataka Samrajyamu
, local communities of merchants were known as: �udirai Chettis
· On their northern frontier, they competed with contemporary rulers including: the
Sultans of 'Deccan and the Gajapati rulers of Orissa
� Called
Ashvapati

T EG C @p
 Dynasty Period Founder
Sangama 1336-1485 Harihar and Bukka
Saluva 1485-1505 Saluva Narsimha
Tuluva 1505-1570 Veer Narsimha
Aravidu 1570-1650 Tirumala

Sangama 'Dynasty: 1336-1485 A'D

Harihara I and 'Bukka I (1336-56)
· founder: Harihar and 'Bukka (sons of Sangama) � feudatories to Kakatiyas and
later become ministers in the court of Kampili
Vflayanagar Kingdom lay in the 'Deccan � South to 'Bahmani Kingdom
The Kin dom can be divided into 4 d nasties:
Sangama
Saluva
Tuluva
�W'iravidu
• Traveller visited: lbn 'Battuta

'Deva 'Raya II (1423-46)

. 'During his reign Abdur 'Ra22aq visited Vflayanagar '£mpire

Crrom 'Persia

T EG C @p
 Suluva 'Dynasty: 1486-1505 A'D

Suluva Narasimha (1486-91 )

• founder: Suluva Narasimha

Tuluva 'Dynasty: 1505-1570 A'D

• founder: Vira Narasimha (1505-09)

Krishna 'Deva 'Raya (1509-1529 ,t\1))

· Suluva Timma, the chief minister of Veer Narasimha placed him on throne
, He built:
V9aya Mahal (House of Victory)
Hazara 'Rama Temple
Vitthal Swami Temple-:. 'Dedicated to lord Vishnu

· Title taken:
Yavanara·a Stha nachar a (restorer of Yavana Kindgom i.e. 'Bidar Kingdom)
bhinava 'Bhqja
Greeks were also called
Andhra 'Bhqja
this
Andhra 'Pratimaha
•founded Nagalapuram after his Mother
Statecraft
• He �as gifted scholar in both: Telugu and Sanskrit�
4 His works: Amuktamalayada CTelugu work on polity)
Jambavati Kalyanam (Sanskrit drama)
· Travellers visited: 'Duarte 'Barbosa and 'Domingo 'Paes ('Portuguese travellers)
· His court was adorned by: Ashtadiggcyas
4-Tenalirama

T EG C @p
 Hazara 'Rama Temple Vitthal Swami Temple

Aravidu 'Dynasty: 1570-1650 A'D

• 1565: 'Battle of Talikota (before establishment of Araividdu 'Dynasty)

I Also known as .
Sadas,va 'Raya (puppet ruler of Tuluva)
4,
'Battle of 'Rakshasi Tangdi- . t
1,ya 'Rama 'Raya (CM)
·last ruler: Sri 'Ranga Ill (1678 A'()) l,. Interfering in internal
matters of 'Deccan
Administration
· Amara Nayakas ---�')' 'Raya: 'Ruler According to SSC exam:
could be the last ruler of
I Under
Aravidu
Nayla: Military chief

Ayangar System
· Village committee� 12 members

Travellers visited:
· lbn 'Battuta: Harihara and 'Bukka
• 'Duarte 'Barbosa'> �'D'R
· 'Domingo 'Paes /
· Nicolo de Conti: 'Deva 'Raya I
· Abdur 'Razzaq: 'Deva 'Raya II
· fernao Nuniz: Achutya 'Raya

T EG C @p
Architecture

Mahanavami 1Jibba

�amalapuram Tank (Stepped tank)

4'8y �'l)'R

T E C p m
 Lotus Temple

Uephant Stable
· 11 elephant m e
\ �
'Possibly made by WD'R

'Bahmani �ingdom

Bid� W�t'angal BENGAL

SL'l Gulb?Jcga • •DevagoifJDaul
• •
BiJapuf\ _,.dis ,,
•Golcorxi�
,,,
Hampi
• •Bettary

B
yanaga1' _
'
l Bahmani kingdom
ViJayanagar kingdom
• Ancient towns

T EG C @p
 Alauddin Hasan 'Bahman Shah (1347-58)
• founder
• Capital: Gulbarga (first eapital)
· Also known as Hasan Gangu
• 'Defeated: Kakatiyas of Warrangal

Tajuddin firozabad Shah (1397-1422)

· He defeated: 'Deva 'Raya I and got defeated in the subsequent 'Battle

Ahmad Shah Wali (1422-35)

· Shifted eapital from Gulbarga to 'Bidar

Attacked in 1565
.-... · · , Calkut ·

+ Break up of Bahmani Empire into 5 Kingdoms

s. 5KINGDOMS YEAR FOUNDER DYNASTY ANNEXATION (by)
NO.
1. 1484 Fataullah lmad Shahi
----
15 lt (Ahmadnagar)

-
� lmad Shah
2. 1489 Yusuf Adil 1686 (Aurangzeb)
� Shah �
3. Ahmadnagar 1490 Malik Ahmad 1633 (Shahjahan)

4. Golconda 1518
-
Outub Shahi
<: --
1687 (Aurangzeb)

5. Bidar 1526-27 Amir Ali Barid Barid Shahi 1610 (Bijapur)

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 Ibrahim Adil Shah
· Introduced: 'l)akhini as court language in place of 'Persian

.. Gol Gumbty was built by Muhammad Adil Shah

L➔• famous for ·whispering Gallery·
· Architect by: Yakut of 'l)abul

• Quli Qutub Shah built the fomous Golconda fort

Gol Gumbty
· Second largest in the world

Golkonda fort

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 Muhammad Quli Qutub Shah
• Greatest ruler of Qutub Shahi 'Dynasty
·founded the city of Hyderabad (originally known as: 'Bhagyanagar after the name of
Sultan's fovourite 'Bhagyamati)
·He also built the fomous Charminar

Charminar

One liners CMCQs)

• �rishna Ill (Manyakhaeta) belonged to: 'Rashtrakuta

• •Hiranya Garbha• is ritual r,erf ormed by: 'Dantidurga

· 'Bahmani Shah ruler who was noted for cruelty and hence got the title as
·zalima": Humayun Shah

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'BHAKTI AN'IJ SUfl
MOV!M!NTS

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 Main features of 'Bhakti Movement

. 'Discarded rituals and sacrifices

• Monotheistic (worship of single God)
. God has either form or it's farmless

Saguna Nirguna
� �

Shiva Vishnu
,I \
rollowers J l
Nayanars Alvars

1st female aIvar: AndaI

(profounder of 'Bhakti
Movement)

'Bhakti Movement Atma is part of 'Brahman

· Vishishtadva1ta R manuj Acharya 'P

� � ropounder from
· Dvaitadvaita/Bhedabhed N1mbark Acharya�orth-lndia
· Dvait -+- 'Dualism Madhva Acharya (South-India)
· Shuddhadvaita Vallabhachairya
• Advaita Sri Shankaracharya

Non dualism
+

L 'Believed:
'Believed: • This life and world is a myth
\ The world is realistic · 'Didn't believe in idol worship
· ldolistic worship

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 'Bhakti Movement Saints

'Ramamnacharya (1017-1137)
· founder of Vishistadvaita

'Ramananda (14-15 century)

·'Belonged to Nirguna sect from North India
· 'Disciple: Kabir 'Das

Kabir (1440-1510)
• 'Disciple of 'Ramananda
• Kabir's 'Doha: criticises Hindu or Islamic dharma
· 'Belonged to Nirguna sect

Guru Nanak (1469-1538)

•'Belonged to Nirguna sect

Chaitanya (1486-1533)
• 'Propounded 'Bhakti Movement in 'Bengal � 'Bengal Vaishnavism
• King of Gaudiya

Vidyapati (14-15 century)

• Composed 'Padavali ..+love ballads of 'Radha and Krishna

'Purandar 'Das (1480-1564)

·father of Carnatic music
l;South Indian music
• 'Belonged from Karnataka

Vallabhacharya (1479-1531)
• Gave Shuddhadvaita philosophy
, Gave the philosophy of ·'Pushti Marg
• I-le said: 'Ram and Krishna �Avatar of Vishnu

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 Mirabai (1498-1546)
• 'Disciple of: Vallabhacharya
· 'Daughter-in-law of 'Rana Sanga of Mewar
• She was a 'Rathore princess
• 'Bhakt of Krishna -+Spent all her life in 'Bhakti of Krishna

Surdas (1483-1563)
· He was blind
· 'Belonged to Agra
· 'Dedicated his lifetime in 'Bhakti of Krishna

Tulsi 'Oas (1532-1623)

· 'Bhakt of 'Ram
·famous writings: 'Ramcharitramanas, Kavitawali, Gitawali

'Oadu 'Dayal (1544-1603)

. 'Bhakti Saint � 'Belonged to Nirguna sect
• founder of 'Dadu 'Panth

Sankaradeva (1449-1568)
· Spread 'Bhakti Movement across Assam
· 'Profounder of Sattriya dance
. He gave 'BorgeeJ

Thyagarqja (1767-1847)
· from Tamil Nadu
· 'Bhakt of 'Rama

'Bhakti Saints of Maharashtra

Jnanesvara/Jnanadeva (1271-1296)
•founder of 'Bhakti Movement in Maharashtra
. Wrote commentary on 'Bhagvad Geeta --� 'Bhavarthadipika

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 Namadeva (1270-1350)
• founder of Varkari sect

Vithala ➔ Vishnu

t:knath (1533-1599)
· Wrote: 'Bhavartha 'Ramayana

Tukaram (1598-1650)
• Wrote: Abhang � 'Devotional poetry
� things started to abolish
'Ramdas (1608-1681) untouchability
· Wrote: 'Dasabodha �ompilation of his sermons • Langar: community kitchen
· 'Pangat: eating
· Sangat: decision making
Sikh Gurus

s. o. SikhG ru ,,. Remark

• corn: 1 a,wana,
1. Guru Nanak Dev ) Khatri · 'Death: �artarpur
(Guru from 1469 to 1.539) · He started LanAar swstem
2. Guru Angad D v
• Introduced Gurumukhi Script
(Guru from 1.539 to 1552)

3. Guru Amardas Sahib • Contemporary of Akbar

(Guru from 1552 to 1574)

4. Guru Ram Das

·rounder of Amritsar
(Guru from 1574 to 1581)

5. Guru Arjan Dev · Compiled Adi Granth

(Guru from 1581 to 1606) ·completed the construction of Golden
1emp,,e
• He was executed by Jahangir

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 Golden Temple
· 'Beautification by 'Raja 'Raryit Singh

s o. Sikh Guru Remark

6. Guru H r Gobind Sahib He created Akal Takht
(Guru from 1606 to 1644) ,I t >�
1!\09
7. Guru Har Rai Sahib · Contemporary to Aurangab
(Guru from 1644 to 1661) 0
s
8. Guru Har Krishan S hib
· Contemporary to Aurangzeb
(Guru from 1661 to 1664)

9. Guru Tegh Bahadur Sahib 'Prosecuted by Aurangzeb

(Guru from 1665 to 1675)
. The last guru
10. Guru Gobind Singh Sahib
• He started the �halsa 'Panth
(Guru from 1675 to 1708)

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