CLGO Reviewer • Russia - is territorially enormous, is politically

Cruise - is when a ship or vessel goes from one unified, geographically complex, and has 5
itinerary/port to another itinerary or destination giving a regions: Southeastern Frontier, Siberia, Far East,
hassle free vacation to guests. Transcaucasia
Cruise line - is a company that operates cruise ships that • North America - involves the US and Canada and
operate on ocean or rivers and which markets cruises to is divided into nine regions: North America Core,
the public. Maritime northeast, French Canada, The south,
Cruise ships - are large passenger ships used mainly for The South west, Pacific Hinge, Western Frontier,
vacationing. Unlike ocean liners, which are used for The continental interior, and the northern
transport, they typically embark on round-trip voyages to frontier
various ports-of-call, where passengers may go on tours • Middle America - is a small, fragmented realm
known as shore excursions. divided into 4 regions: Mexico, Central America,
Geography (Geo + Graphos) - the study of the physical Caribbean Basin's Greater, Lesser Antilles
features of the earth and its atmosphere, and of human • South America - is dominated by Spanish and
activity as it affects and is affected by these, including the Portuguese and has 4 regions: Caribbean North,
distribution of populations and resources, land use, and Andean West, Southern Core, Brazil
industries. • Sub-Saharan Africa - has 5 regions including
Eratosthenes - Greek scholar commonly called the father Southern Africa, East Africa, Equatorial Africa,
of geography for he was the first to use the word West Africa, African Transition zone
geography and he had a small-scale notion of the planet • North And Southwest Africa - has 6 regions
that led him to be able to determine the circumference including Egypt and the Lower Nile Basin,
of the earth. Maghreb in North Africa, Middle East, Arabian
Human Geography – is also known as Cultural Peninsula, Empire States, and Turkestan
Geography which is the study of race, religion, food, • South Asia - has 5 regions including India in the
politics, language, national boundaries, art, agriculture, center, Pakistan in the west, Bangladesh in the
economics, and even history. east, a mountainous North, and southern Islands
Oceanography – is a multidisciplinary science involving • East Asia - has 7 regions including China's Coastal
observation, experimentation, and modelling of physical, Core, Interior, Western Periphery, Mongolia,
chemical, biological, and geological processes. It covers a Korean Peninsula, Japan, and Taiwan
wide range of topics, from marine life and ecosystems to • Southeast Asia - has a variety of landscapes and
currents and waves, the movement of sediments, and dozens of religious languages and is comprised of
seafloor geology. two regions including the Mainland and Insular
Continents - are one of the several large masses on the
• The Austral Realm - includes Australia, which is
Earth, usually separated by oceans.
highly urbanized and New Zealand which
The Seven Continents
contrasts to Australia.
1. Europe
• The Pacific Realm - is very large, is comprised of
2. Asia
Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia and
3. Australia
contains tens of thousands of islands
4. North America
Oceans of the World
5. South America
• Pacific Ocean
6. Africa
- The largest of all the oceans. The area and
7. Antarctica
volume is larger than the Atlantic and
Realms of the World
Indian combined.
• Europe - is territorially small, is economically
- The Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean is
united, its core lies in the west, and is regionally
the deepest point in the world (36,198 feet
identified 4 broad units: Central Uplands, Alpine
(11,033 m) deep)
Mountains, Western Uplands, North European
- Its name came from the Portuguese word
Lowland
Mar Pacifico which means “peaceful sea”
 - The Pacific Ocean covers ⅓ of the Earth’s - Deepest Depth: the southern end of the
surface (64 million sqm) South Sandwich Trench, 23,737 ft (7,236 m)
- The Pacific Ocean is larger than the Earth’s deep
entire landmass - Home to emperor penguins
- The Great Barrier Reef in the Pacific Ocean • Arctic Ocean
is the longest reef in the world - The smallest ocean in the world, more than
- There are more than 25,000 islands in the 5x smaller than Indian and Atlantic
Pacific Ocean - Arctic Ocean is shallowest and coldest
• Atlantic Ocean ocean
- The 2nd largest ocean - During winter, the Arctic ocean is
- One the busiest sea routes in the Western completely covered in sea ice
hemisphere - Area: 5,400,000 sq mi (13,990,000 sq km)
- The word Atlantic is derived from the Depth: 3,953 ft (1,205m)
legendary island Atlantis as described by - Deepest Depth: Eurasia Basin, 17,881 ft
Plato deep
- The saltiest ocean The Atlantic’s major - Expected to be ice-free in summer 2040
marginal seas include the Mediterranean because of global warming
Sea, the North Sea, the Baltic Sea, Hudson - Current issues: endangered marine species
Bay, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Caribbean such as whales and walruses
Sea. Seas – are large bodies of water, usually salty but
- The Atlantic covers an area of 82 million mostly fresh. They can be a region of water within an
square kilometers. ocean.
- Deepest Depth: Puerto Rico Trench, 28,231 Seas of the World - in terms of geography, seas are
ft. deep smaller than oceans and are usually located where the
• Indian Ocean land and ocean meet. Typically, seas are partially
- The 3rd largest body of water in the world enclosed by land. They are usually salty.
- The warmest ocean in the world 1. Adriatic Sea
- Also known as “Ratnakara” in Sanskrit 2. Mediterranean Sea, Aegean Sea
language which means the maker of jewels 3. Black Sea
- Deepest Depth: Java Trench, 25,344 ft deep 4. Caspian Sea
- Waters in the Indian Ocean have the lowest 5. Persian Gulf
oxygen content in the world owing it to 6. Arabian Sea (which is part of the Indian Ocean)
greater evaporation rate in the ocean 7. Red Sea, including the closed Dead Sea and the
- Indian Ocean covers an area of about 73 Sea of Galilee
million square kilometers (about 28 million Other than the Seven Seas
square miles) - about 20 percent of the total 1. Aegean Sea
area covered by the world's oceans. 2. Indian Ocean
• Southern Ocean 3. North Sea
- Named in the year 2000 Who Buys Cruises
- Southern Ocean is the 2nd smallest ocean in • Restless Baby Boomers
the world - Largest segment of cruisers (33%)
- It includes all bodies of water below 60 - They’re in their 40s and early 50s
degrees South latitude until the Antarctic - Thrifty, family oriented and wary of new
coastline things
- Frozen for much of the year - They perceive a cruise as a fun family
- Area: 7,848,000 sq. miles (20,330,000 sq vacation
km) Depth: 13,100 - 16,400 ft deep (4,000 - Respond positively to cost saving value
to 5,000 meters) of the cruise
• Enthusiastic Baby Boomers • Prospective Cruise Clients
- 2nd largest category of cruisers (20%) - Family Folk - are younger, practical and
- Early 40s down to earth. They’re cautious about
- Fun loving and family oriented their money and have traditional
- A little bit more adventurous values. To them, cruises are too
- See cruising as an entertaining way to expensive and offer very little family
do many things and meet many people activities
- The romance of cruising very much • Comfortable Spenders
appeals to them - Older, wealthier, active and seek the
• Consummate Shoppers finer things in life. They’re ambitious
- Represents 16% of cruisers and worked hard for what they have.
- 55 yrs. or over, well-traveled and like They may not realize that many cruise
pampering and fine dining onboard the products can match and even exceed
ship their high expectations
- Very thrifty but they want to feel that • Want It Alls
they’re getting the best deal for their - Are younger versions of the
dollars comfortable spenders. Ambitious and
- The ship is more important to them hardworking, they like to indulge with
than the destinations quality products, services and
• Luxury Cruisers experiences. They tend to be impulsive
- 14% of current cruisers and often live beyond their means. They
- Value ships that provide fine dining and believe that cruises are too structured
pampering and not upscale enough for them.
- Cost is not a major issue for them • Cautious Travelers
- Young middle age (they average 52 yrs.) - Favor familiar travel experiences.
- Cultured, educated, experienced and They’re somewhat timid and shy.
active Safety is a major concern for them.
• Explorers They have never cruised before and see
- 11% of the cruise market cruising as something too out of the
- They see cruise as a vehicle for ordinary.
discovering the world • Adventurers
- Destinations are important than the - Direct opposite of cautious travelers.
ship They like to experiment, learn and
- Educated and use sightseeing to learn explore. They resisted cruising because
more they think it’s too regimented and
- They’re older (average 64) yet still very confining, with little emphasis on
active education and too much on
- Plan their cruises ahead of time to get entertainment.
the vacation they want
• Ship Buffs
- The smallest segment(6%) and the
oldest
- Possess unusual knowledge of ships and
itineraries
- Loves being take care of, and pampered
- They like longer cruises and very flexible
in their cruise choices