Chapter 9(A)Reflection of light

1. A light ray is incident on a mirror normally. The angle of reflection will be:
(a) 0∘deg (b) 45∘ deg (c) The light ray will not reflect (d) 90∘ deg
2. The image formed by a concave mirror cannot be obtained on the screen when the object:
(a) Is situated on the centre of curvature (b) Is situated on the focus
(c) Is situated between focus and centre of curvature (d) Is situated between pole and focus.
3. An object is placed infront of a convex mirror of focal length 20 cm at a distance of 40 cm. It image
will from infront of mirror:
(a) At infinity (b) Between 20 cm and 40 cm (c) Between 40 cm and infinity (d) At 40 cm distance.
4. The virtual image greater in size than that of object can be obtained by:
(a) Plane mirror (b) Concave mirror (c) Convex mirror (d) All mirrors.
5. In which mirror the image formed is erect and smaller than object:
(a) Concave mirror (b) Convex mirror (c) Plane mirror (d). none of these
6. Which of the following statement is incorrect:
(a) The focal length of concave mirrer is negative (b) The focal length of convex mirror is positive (c)
The focal length of plane mirror is infinite (d) The real image is formed by plane mirror
7. An object is placed anywhere infront of a convex mirror, its image will be formed:
(a) Between centre of curvature and focus (b) Between centre of curvature and infinity
(c) Between pole and focus (d) At different position depending on the position of Object
8 the relation between focal length and centre of curvature of spherical mirror is :
(a) f = R (b) f = R/2 (c) R = f/2 (d) f = 1/R
9. The linear magnification of image of formed by concave mirror is:
(a) 1 (b) Less then 1 (c) Greater than 1 (d) All of these
10.A ray of light falls normally on a reflecting surface.The angle of reflection will be:(a) 0° (b) 90°c)
135° (d) 45°
11. A concave mirror has a focal length of 15 cm. An object is kept at a distance of 30 cm infront of the
mirror from the pole. Mirror will produce an image(a) At 30 cm infront of the mirror (b) At 45 cm
infront of the mirror (c) At 30 cm behind the mirror (d) At 45 cm behind the mirror.
12. The nature of image formed by a convex mirror is:(a) Always real(b) Always virtual(c) Magnified(d)
None 13. Keeping the incident ray stable, the mirror is rotated through 30 ∘ angle then the deflection of
reflected ray will be: (a) 30° (b) 60° (c) 15° (d) 45°.
Ans. 1. (a). 2. (d), 3. (d) 4. (b), 5. (b) 6 d7c8b9d 10. (a), 11. (a), 12. (b),13. (b)
14. A 6 cm long object is placed on the principal axis at 4 f of a concave mirror of focal length f. The
length of image will be: (a) 2 cm (b) 4 cm (0) 12 cm (d) 18 cm.
15. Relation between focal length and radius of curvature of a spherical mirror is: (MP 2015)
(a)f=2R (b)f=R (c) R=2f (d) None of these.
16. Small and virtual image can be obtained by:
(a) Plane mirror (b) Convex mirror (c) Concave mirror (d) None of the above,
17. Larger and real image can be obtained by:
(a) Convex mirror (b) Concave mirror (c) Plane mirror (d) All the above.
18. The image formed by concave mirror cannot be obtained on the screen when
object is: (a) Between pole and focus (b) Between focus and centre of curvature
(c) Between centre of curvature and infinity (d) At the centre of curvature.
19. In order to obtain real image by concave mirror which of the following
statement is not true:
(a) Object is at focus (b) Object is at centre of curvature
(c) Object is at infinity (d) Object is in between pole and focus.
Q. 2. Fill in the Blanks:
1 . The ratio of length of image formed by a mirror and that of object is called..........
2. For mirrors the linear magnification for real images is................
3. For plane mirrors the linear magnification is....
4. Real image formed is always...................
5. The point at which the refracted or reflected rays really meet or appears to meet is called..................
6. Virtual image is always.................
7. The light ray after reflection really meet at a point then the image formed is...............image.
8. The equation which shows the relation between distance of object u, distance of image v and focal
length fis called..................
9 . Focal length of concave mirror is.................
10. When two objects are seen in a straight line and eye is moved side ways then relative
displacement is called.......
11. The distance from pole of spherical mirror to its focus is called of............ that mirror.
12. The focal length of spherical lmirror is …………………………..…..of the radius of curvature.
13. For a spherical mirror. 1/v + 1/u = 1/f is called ………………………
14………………………………. mirror has negative focal length
15. When an object is situated at center of curvature of a Concave mirror , then the image is real
inverted And ……………………..…..
16. ………………………..….mirror always forms a virtual erect and diminished image.

Ans 14. (a), 15. (c), 16. (b), 17. (b), 18. (a), 19. (d).
Ans. 1. Linear magnification, 2. Negative, 3. One, 4. Inverted, 5. Image, 6. Erect, 7. Real, 8. Mirror
equation, 9. Negative, 10. Parallax, 11. Focal length. 12. half, 13. mirror formula, 14. Concave 15 size of
object. 16. convex.

Q.3 Match the Column:

S Column A Column B Ans
N
1 . As a reflector in street lamp A positive 3
2 Forms an image of equal size,smaller or B True for all kinds of spherical mirrors 4
greater than that of object
3 The linear magnification of a virtual image C (c) Negative 5
4 f = R/2 D Convex mirror 1
5 The linear magnification for a real image e Concave mirror 2

Q. 4. Answer the Following in One Word/One Sentence:

1. What is mirror formula?
2. Which mirror is used as reflectors in street lights?
3. Which mirror forms a magnified image?
4. What is focal length of plane mirror ? 5. Which mirror is used as rear view mirror?
6. What is the linear magnification produced by a plane mirror?

1 1 1 I
Ans 1. + = 2. Convex mirror, 3. Concave mirror, 4. Infinity, 5. Convex mirror 6. m= =1
v u f O
Q. 1. (a) Write the main characteristics of image formed by convex mirror.
(b) What will be the change in focal length of a concave mirror when dipped in water ?
(c) What are conjugate foci?

Ans. (a)The main characteristics of image formed by convex mirror are:

(i) It forms behind the mirror, (ii) Smaller, (iii) Erect and (iv) Virtual.
(b) The focal length of a concave mirror will be same because focal length of mirror does not depend
upon surrounding medium.
(c) The pair of points on the principal axis of a spherical mirror, such that the object placed at one of
the point forms the image on the another point, are called conjugate fool
It is applicable only for real image.
Q. 2. (a) Write any two differences between regular and irregular (diffused)reflection?
Ans. Difference between regular and diffused reflaction:
SN Regular reflection Diffused reflection
1 Reflection of light takes place from 1. Reflection of light takes place from rough
plane and polished surface. surface.
Diffused reflection

2 If the incident rays are parallel to each 2. Even if the incident rays are parallel to each
other then the reflected rays are also other, the reflected rays are
parallel not parallel.
3 Image formation of the object take 3 Image formation of the object does not take
place in regular reflection place in diffused reflection

Chapter 9(b)
REFRACTION THROUGH PLANE SURFACE
Q. 1. Choose the Correct Answer:
1. The air bubble inside the water shines because of:
(a) Diffraction of light (b) Dispersion of light
(c) Scattering of light (d) Total internal reflection of light.
Ans
2. The refractive index of a quartz piece will be maximum for:
(a) Red light (b) Yellow light (c) Green light (d) Violet light.
3. The bottom of a pond appears to be raised up because of:
(a) Reflection of light (b) Refraction of light
(c) Polarization of light (d) Interference of light.
4.The refractive index of water is 1.5. A fish appears at a depth of 2m,then its real depth will be:
(a) 3 cm (b) 4 cm (c) 3 m (d) 4 m.
5. If angle of incidence is equal to critical then the value of angle of refraction will be:
(a ) 0° (b) 45° angle (c) 60° d) 90°.
6 . When a ray of light enters from air to water then it:
(a) Goes without deviation (b) Bends towards normal
(c) Goes away from normal ( d) Get reflected.
7. If critical angle is 45° then refractive index of medium will be:
1
(a) 1 (b) (c) 1.5 (d) 1-414.
√2
8. When a ray of light refracts from one medium to another medium then which of the following
quantity remains unchanged:
(a) Speed (b) Frequency (c) Wavelength (d) All the above,
9. When a ray of light goes from air to glass normally then after refraction it:
(a) Bends towards normal (b) Goes away from normal
(c) Will not devide (d) none of these,
10. An object is immersed in a medium if real depth and apparent depth are equal then the refractive
index of medium is:
2 3
(a) 0 (b) (c) 1 (d) )
3 2

Ans. 1. (d), 2. (a), 3. (b), 4. (c), 5. (d), 6. (b), 7. (d), 8. (b), 9. (c), 10. (c).
Q. 2. Fill in the Blanks:
1. The speed of light in air is 3x108m/s. If the refractive index of glass is 1.5, then the
speed of light in glass is..............
2. Critical angle is that value of angle of incidence, for which the angle of refraction is…………
3 …………………………………. colour of visible light has maximum velocity in glass.
4. When light travels from one medium to another its...........................remains unchanged.
5. When light moves from rarer to denser medium, then the angle of refraction is…………………….
than the angle of incidence.
6. The velocity of light in denser medium is…………………. than that in rarer medium.
7. The different velocities of light in various media is the cause of............ of light.
8. Due to refraction the stars appear at ............. height than their actual attitude.
9. ..... ………….is the principle of working of optical fibre.
4
10. The refractive index of water is , then the refractive index of air with respect to water
3
is………………
11. The velocity of light.........when it goes from rarer medium to denser medium.
Ans. 1. 2x108m/s.., 2. 90°, 3. Red, 4. Frequency, 5. Smaller, 6. Less, 7. Refraction, 8. More,
3
9. Due to Total internal refraction of light, 10 , 11 Decreases,
4
Q.3 Match the Column:
S Column A Column B Ans
N
Material Refractive index

1 Glass (flint) A 2.42 4

2 Water B 1.0003 3
3 Air C 1.33 2
4 Diamond D 1.62 1
5 . Glass (crown) e 1.52 5
Q.4 Match the Column:
S Column A Column B Ans
N
1 Refraction A Real depth 2
Apparent depth
2 Refractive index B Telecommunication 3
 3 Optical fibre C Different velocities of light in 1
different media.
Q. 4. Answer the Following in One Word/One Sentence:
1. If the angle of incidence is equal to critical angle, then what will be the angle of refraction?
2. Which phenomenon is used in optical fibre?
3. If a ray of light propogates from rarer to denser medium, how does its frequency change?
4. What is the refractive index of vacuum?
Ans. 1. 90°, 2. Total internal reflection, 3. Unchanged, 4. One.
Chapter 9(C) REFRACTION THROUGH SPHERICAL SURFACE
Objective Type Questions
Q. 1. Choose the Correct Answer:
1. An object is placed between F and 2F of a convex lens. The image will form:
(a) Virtual, erect and bigger than object (b) Real, inverted and bigger than object
(c) Real, inverted and smaller than object (d) Real, inverted and equal to the size of object.
2. A convex lens of crown glass (u = 1.52) will act as a diverging lens if it is immersed into the:
(a) Water (μ = 1.33) (c) Carbon dioxide (μ = 1.66)
(b) Liquid (µ =1.52) (d) None of these.
3. A convex lens made of glass is immersed into a liquid of refractive index equal to the glass. It will
behave like a :
(a) Convex lens (b) Concave lens (c) Plane glass slab (d) None of these.
4. A convex lens of focal length 20 cm is kept in contact with a concave lens of focal length. The power
of this combination will be:
(a) 1.67 D (b)-1.67 D (c) 8.33 D (d) -8.33 D.
5. The image formed by a diverging (concave) lens is:
(a) Always real (b) Always virtual
(c) May be real or virtual depends on the position of object (d) None of these.
6. Two lenses of focal length, and f₂ are kept in contact with each other. The focal length of
f 1+f 2 f 1. f 2
combination will be:(a) f1.f2 (b) f1+f2 (c) (d)
f 1. f 2 f 1+f 2
7. The radius of curvature of a planoconvex lens is 12 cm and refractive index is 1.5. The focal length of
lens will be : (a) 12 cm (b) 15 cm (c) 24 cm (d) 30 cm.
8. For which colour the focal length of a lens will be minimum:
(a) Violet (b) Red (c) Yellow (d) Blue
Ans. 1. (c), 2. (c), 3. (c), 4. (a), 5. (b), 6. (d), 7. (c), 8.(a).
Q. 2. Fill in the Blanks:
1. In the displacement method to determine the focal length of convex lens, the distance between two
pins should be greater than……………………….. of focal length.
2. The focal length of a convex lens is 20 cm. Its power will be……………….. dioptre.
3. Unit of power of lens is………………..
4. According to sign convention the ………………focal length of the lens is called its focal length.
5. The reciprocal of focal length of a lens is called ............of lens.
6. When a lens is immersed into a liquid then its focal length is...........
7. When a lens is immersed into a liquid of …………….refractive index, then it acts like a plane glass
plate,
8. Lens maker's formula is……………….
9. In concave lens the linear magnification is........................
10. Focal length of a plane glass plate is………………
11. An air bubble inside the water behaves like a …………......... lens.

Ans. 1. four times, 2. +5, 3. dioptre, 4. second, 5. power, 6. increased, 7. equal,

1 1 1
8 =(𝜇−1)( − ) 9. less than one, 10. infinite, 11. concave.
f R1 R2

Q. 3. Match the Columns:

SN Column A Column B Ans

1 Refraction formula for spherical surface A 1/F = 1/f1 + 1/ f2 6

2 Lens maker's formula B 1 1 1 3

= -
f v u
3 Lens equation C 1 1 1 2
=(𝜇−1)( − )
f R1 R2

4 Power D μ 1 ( μ−1) 1
- =
v u R
5 Displacement method e O=√ I1XI2 5
6 Combination of lens f 1 4
f
Q. 4. Match the Columns:
S Column A Column B Ans
N
Position of object Position of image
for convex lens
1 At infinity A Between Fand 2 F 2
2 Between 2F and infinity B At infinity 5
3 At 2F C At F 1
4 Between F' and 2F D Between 2F and infinity 4
5 At F e At 2F 3

Q. 5. Answer the Following in One Word/One Sentence:

1. What is the unit of power of lens?
2. What is the focal length of plane glass plate?
3. What type of lens is an air bubble inside water?
4. What is the power of combination of a convex lens and a concave lens of same focal length?
5. What type of linear magnification is obtained by concave lens.

Am I dioptre, 2. Infinity, 3. Concave lens, 4. Zero, 5. Negative.

Chapter 9(D) REFRACTION THROUGH PRISM