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Kinetics Guided Notes Part 2

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14 views5 pages

Kinetics Guided Notes Part 2

Uploaded by

derrickjacetayler
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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KINETICS – PART 2

Question of the Day: Why are instant rate equations more useful and effective
in analyzing chemical reactions than average rate equations?

Questions to answer during lecture!

1. Instant rate equations are limited because they do not allow us to calculate
the concentration of a chemical ______________________________.

2. [A]t = -kt + [A]i is the integrated rate law equation for a


________________ order reaction.
3. The integrated rate law equation for a first order reaction is
______________________________.

4. Writing the integrated rate law equations in y=mx + b format allows me to


determine the rate order of the reaction from ______________________________.

5. A reaction where the ln [A] vs. time graph is a straight line is a


______________________________ reaction.

6. Answer the following questions as you follow the lecture!


Nitrogen dioxide gas is used to bleach flour, catalyze organic reactions, as
rocket fuel, and is extremely toxic to humans. It decomposes into nitrogen
monoxide gas and elemental oxygen gas:

2 NO2 (g) → 2NO (g) + 1 O2 (g)

Graphing experimental data determined that this reaction was a


______________________________ reaction.

Write the integrated rate law equation for this reaction:

Now let’s calculate the k for this reaction, using the first two data points:
Time (seconds) [NO2], M
0.00 .368
100.0 .135

What would be the amount of NO2 remaining after 6.20 minutes of this

reaction progressing? Use appropriate units.


How many seconds would it take for the concentration of NO 2 to

reach .00475M?

What is the half-life for this chemical reaction? Use appropriate units.

GUIDED PRACTICE PROBLEMS!


(YOU WILL NEED GRAPHING CAPABILITY
TO COMPLETE THESE PROBLEMS!)
1. The first order rate constant for the decomposition of a commercial
insecticide in water at 120C is 1.45 yrs-1. A quantity of this insecticide
washed onto the shore of a lake on June 1 st, leading to a concentration of 5.0
x 10-7 g/cm3 of water. Assuming the temperature of the water is 12 0C,

a. What is the concentration of the insecticide on June 1 st of the following


year?
b. How long will it take for the concentration of the insecticide to drop to
3.0 x 10-7 g/cm3?
c. What is the half-life of this insecticide decaying?

2. SO2Cl2 is used as a reactant in the production of plastics, specifically PVC


piping. The gas-phase decomposition of SO 2Cl2 was studied at 3830C,
yielding the following data:

SO2Cl2 (g) ↔ SO2 (g) + Cl2 (g)

Time (minutes) [SO2Cl2] (M)


0.00 0.491
80.0 0.0665
160. 0.00900
240. 0.00122
320. 0.000165

a. Determine from this experimental data if the reaction is zero order, first
order or second order with respect to the concentration of SO 2Cl2. Then,
write the rate law or equation.
b. What is the value of the rate constant? Use appropriate units.
c. What is the half-life of this reaction?
d. Calculate the concentration of [SO2Cl2] at 355.0 seconds.
e. Calculate the time that the reaction had progressed if the concentration of
[SO2Cl2] is .0057M.

3. Methyl isonitrile isomerizes, or changes geometric form in space, into


acetonitrile, which is used as a basic building block for insecticides and
perfumes, according to the following equation:

CH3NC (g) ↔ CH3CN (g)

a. Two graphs for this process are shown below. Write a rate law
equation for this reaction.
b. Write an equation for the half-life of this reaction.
c. Estimate the half-life of this reaction, assuming the initial pressure is
150 Torr.
d. What is the rate constant for this reaction? Use appropriate units.
e. If this reaction was done with an initial pressure of 550.0 Torr, what
would be the pressure after the reaction had proceeded for 12.0
hours?

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