Contents

Communication in an Organization:................................................................................................2
Downward communication:.............................................................................................................2
Importance of downward:................................................................................................................2
Upward Communication:.................................................................................................................3
Importance of Upward communication:..........................................................................................3
Horizontal Communication:............................................................................................................4
REFERENCES:...............................................................................................................................5
Communication in an Organization:
Communication is the blood of an organization. And internal communication is necessary for
an organization. Without communication we can say that the organization is dead.
Internal organization has 3 categories
Upward communication
Downward communication
Horizontal communication

Downward communication:
The flow of information from higher levels of management to subordinate individuals
working within an organization. Business managers often need to be very skilled at downward
communication in order to properly motivate the staff working under them at their company.

Importance of downward:
Some of the key importance of the downward communication is given below:
Rationale: As well as telling employees what to do, the reason for doing is also very helpful to
communicate. This provides some motivation and also gives clues for when decisions need to be
made. If you know the higher purpose, then you can make intelligent choices.
The rationale for why things are done as they are is important if the person has done things
differently in the past. Providing this reasoning early also keeps the person on the 'straight and
narrow' in doing things as they should.
Job instruction: The employee needs to know what is expected of them in terms of their
performance. Most jobs have a job description. There may also be process details and, with
lower skill activity, detailed instructions. Then there are the various tools of the job that the
person must know how to use correctly.
Job instructions should be linked to corporate strategy through a downward cascade of
objectives.
Typically the job instruction is given on starting the job and then in coaching and support along
the way.
Policies and procedures: In a broader sense, there are always a number of policies, procedures
and so on that apply to everyone, from company security policies to how to apply for time off for
holidays. These include rules that must be followed and various reward and benefit systems.
These are often owned by infrastructure groups such as HR, Finance, IT, etc. who update and
administer them on a regular basis.
There are often many of these rules and processes, and it is easy not to know them. Key
instructions may be given when the person joins. Updates may be regularly given to all.
Otherwise learning these can be a social process, with informal as well as formal direction from
managers and workmates.
Changing strategy often results in changes in policies and procedures. When these change there
needs to be a careful communication of the changes and consequent impact.
Indoctrination: A surprising amount of formal and subtle communication is about ideological
matters, such as company values, vision, strategic goals and so on.
As with the rationale communication, this is about changing the person to deeply associate with
the company and increase their loyalty, as well as help them to make sound decisions on a daily
basis.
A significant amount of indoctrination happens when a person joins the organization to ensure
they understand both written and unwritten rules. Ongoing indoctrination keeps people aligned
with the organization and each other, helping to smooth conversations and keep everyone
focused in the right way.
Appraisal: Managers should regularly give their subordinates feedback on how they are doing,
praising good performance and correcting wrong or inadequate actions. There is often a formal
system of regular performance management with meetings in which forms are completed to
cover assessment of past performance and laying out of future objectives. This may include plans
for training and other education.
A good appraisal is motivating and gives the employee a clear direction forward. A critical
appraisal can result in less pay increase, job change or even dismissal.

Upward Communication:
Upward Communication is the process of information flowing from the lower levels of
a hierarchy to the upper levels. This type of communication is becoming more and more popular
in organizations as traditional forms of communication are becoming less popular. The more
traditional organization types such as a hierarchy, places people into separate ranks.

Importance of Upward communication:

The following are some of the importance enlisted regarding upward communication or you can
say advantages of upward communication:
Development of plan: The information received from subordinate plays important role to help
development of planning of the organization.
Providing suggestions and opinions: By upward communication system, subordinate takes
necessary suggestions and opinions from superiors about the work related issues of the
organization.
Good labor-management relationship: Upward communication I participative in nature. Here,
information is invited from lower level executives and employees and on the basis of this
information top executive makes a decision. So, a good relation between subordinates and bosses
should create for the betterment of the organization.
Motivating to employees: Upward communication system allows lower level staff to express
their attitude or opinion to upper level staff. As a result sub-ordinates are influenced to work
more towards fulfillment to target.
Providing constructive suggestion: All employees are supplied with constructive and important
messages that can help to implement the goals or objectives.
Providing feedback: The subordinate’s reaction is returned to the superior in this
communication system. So, top level management can decide what to do and what not do
clearly understand and followed.
Creating favorable environment: Upward communication helps to develop a favorable
working situation in an organization by creating a good relation among all employees.
Facilitating collective decision: Since upward communication is participative in nature. It
communication allows the subordinates to convey their feelings, constructive suggestions and
opinions and the work related in the decision making process.
Developing creative and innovative ideas: Upward communication facilitates easy excess of
the employees or subordinate to the superiors in providing necessary constructive suggestions
and opinions about the work related issues of the organization.
Decision making: Top level executives or superiors needed much information before taking a
decision on a particular issue. Subordinates supply this information through the help of upward
communication.
Promote harmony: Upward communication creates friendly environment in the organization
which lead to peaceful and harmonious relationship among the subordinates and superiors.

Horizontal Communication:
Horizontal communication is very important for promoting understanding and coordinating
among various departments of an organization. Not much imagination is needed to visualize the
disadvantages that the lack of coordination might create for the organization. Some of the
advantages or importance of horizontal communication are given below:

Departmental communication: Horizontal communication is the best system of communication

in departmental communication.
Co-ordination of activities: For the achievements of the expected result of an organization inter
departmental co-ordination system must be developed which is a criteria of horizontal
communication.
Informal and sweet relationship: This is same status level’s communication system. They
exchange ideas, knowledge and thoughts. So, an informal and sweet relationship can be
maintained.
End of misunderstanding: There is no chance of misunderstanding in horizontal
communication among employees. So, it is helpful to management for enhancing mutual
understanding and good decision making.
Dynamism at work: If horizontal communication is established in organizational dynamism at
work will increase among workers.
Group activities: IN this system of communication a department is well known to other
department and can exchange their affection. So, group activities and direction of the sound work
program will be easier.
Guarding against distortion message: Horizontal communication takes place among the
employees of the same level, information reaches directly from one employee or executive to
another which acts as a guard against distortion messages.
Linking with different areas of expertise: science same level of employees exchange
information in this communication, they create good link with different areas of expertise.
Hindering bureaucracy: No change of a rise bureaucracy in Horizontal communication running
organization which is helpful to make a good relationship among themselves.
Quick communication and solution of problems: Horizontal communication allows quick
transmission of messages and solves complex problems in the organization.

REFERENCES:
- http://www.nationalforum.com/Electronic%20Journal%20Volumes/Lunenburg,%20Fred
%20C,%20Formal%20Comm%20Channels%20FOCUS%20V4%20N1%202010.pdf
- http://oregonstate.edu/instruct/comm321/gwalker/orgcomm.htm
- http://www.galaxyeduplanet.com/blog/write-short-notes-on-upward-communication-
downward-communication-horizontal-communication/2012/63
- http://pravinxk.hubpages.com/hub/TypesofCommunication