1. Explain how plane surveying differs from geodetic surveying.

2. Explain the difference between a level line and a horizontal tine.

3. What is a Distomat?
4. At what distance does Earth curvature have a value of 10 mm?
5. What is magnetic declination?
6. Define bearing of a line.
7. What is the arc definition of simple circular curve?
8. What do you mean by magnetic meridian?
9. What is the relation between fore bearing and back bearing?
10. Discuss the essential difference between Dumpy level, Tilting level.
11. What do you mean by contour interval?
12. Write the name of different system of tacheometric measurement.
13. What do you mean by reciprocal levelling?
14. What is meant by setting out works?
15. What factors should be considered in deciding the stations of a chain survey/
16. Write down the values of additive and multiplying constant for a tacheometer.
17. A steel tap 20 m long standard at 55°F with a pull of 10kg was used for measuring a base line. Find
the correction per tape length, if the temperature at the time of measurement was 70°F and the pull
exerted was 16kg. Weight of 1 cubic cm of steel = 7.86 g, Wt. of tape = 0.8 kg and E= 2.109 x 10
6
kg/cm2. Coefficient of expansion of tape per 1°F = 6.2 x 10-6.
18. Convert the whole circle bearing of 40°, 120°, 170°, and 352° into quadrantal bearings.
19. In which areas does the compass surveying is not recommended?

1. Derive the expressions for horizontal and vertical distances in the fixed hair method when the staff
is held normal to the line of sight and measured angle is that of elevation.
2. Explain the following terms : (a) Base line (b) tie line (c) check line (d) Swing offset (e) Oblique
offset (f) Random line.
3. What is a well condition triangle? Why is it necessary to use well- condition triangles?
4. Give, in a tabular form, the difference between prismatic compass and surveyor’s compass.
5. Describe the process of permanent adjustment in theodolite.
6. Distinguish between the following :
(i) Line of collimation and line of sight
(ii) Longitudinal section and cross section.
7. Explain the principles of surveying (Traversing) with the compass.
8. Explain the procedure of measurement of horizontal distance by electronic distance measurement
(EDM). State the four uses of total station
9. Compute azimuths of all lines for a closed traverse ABCDEFA that has the following balanced
angles to the right, FAB = 118°26'59", ABC = 123°20'28", BCD= 104°10'32", CDE = 133°52'50",
DEF = 108°21' 58", EFA = 131°47'13". Bearing AB = N88°18'42"W.
10. Stadia readings were taken with a theodolite on a vertical staff with the telescope inclined at an
angle of depression of 3° 30'. The staff readings were 2.990, 2.055 and 1.120. The reduced level
of the staff station is 100.000m, and the height of the instrument is 1.40m. What is the reduced
level of the ground at the instrument? Take constants as 100 and zero.
11. Derive an expression for the horizontal distance of a vertical staff from a tacheometer if the line of
sight of the telescope is horizontal.
12. Discuss the effects of curvature and refraction in levelling. Find the correction due to each and the
combined correction. Why are these effects ignored in ordinary levelling?
13. Describe ‘Fast needle method’ of theodolite traversing.
14. Explain Aerial photography and it’s uses in civil engineering.
15. Explain the indirect method of contouring, what are the advantages and disadvantages of these
method.
16. Explain the two point problem of plane tabling with a neat sketch?
17. Derive an expression for the horizontal distance and Elevation difference between two points using
a tacheometer when the staff is held vertically and the line of sight is inclined downwards.
18. What is tangential method of tacheometry? What are its advantages and disadvantages over the
stadia method?
19. What is orientation in Plane Table surveying? Distinguish between resection and intersection
methods as applied to plane table surveying.
20. What is relief displacement in aerial photography? Explain.
21. State the use of chain/tape, ranging rod, peg, Arrows in chaining process.
22. Compare Rise and fall method with Height of Collimation method on any four points.
23. State three-point problem of plane tabling and describe its solution by trial method giving the rules
which you will follow in estimating position of the point sought.
24. Explain the instruments and methods for laying out buildings.

1. Differentiate between following :

a) Plan and Map
b) Accuracy and Precision
c) Plane and Geodetic Survey
d) Geological and Geographical Survey
2. What is total station? Explain the part of total station and write the advantage of total station over
the vernier theodolite.
3. Describe in detail how you would proceed in the field for (i) profile levelling and (ii) cross-
sectioning.
4. Explain with example the effect of tendon profile on deflection of prestressed concrete beam.
5. Explain clearly with the help of illustrations, how a traverse is balanced.
6. (a) Distinguish between ‘resection’ and ‘intersection’ methos as applied to plane table surveying.
(b) Describe three point problem, how is it solved by (i) Bessel’s method (ii) Triangle of error
method.
7. Derive the derivation of the Fixed Hair Method for calculating the distance.
i) When the line of sight is horizontal and staff is held vertically.
ii) When the line of sight is inclined and staff is held vertically.
8. What are the different tape corrections and how they are applied?
9. A circular curve has 300 m radius and 60° deflection angle. What is its degree by (1) arc definition
and (2) chord definition of standard length 30 m? Also calculate
i) Length of curve
ii) Tangent length
iii) Length of long chord
iv) Mid-Ordinate
v) Apex distance
10. The following fore and back bearings were observed in traversing with a compass in place where
local attraction was suspected:
Line F.B. B.B
AB 38°30 219° 15
BC 100°45 278° 30
CD 25°45 207° 15
 DE 325°15 145°15
Find the corrected fore bearing and the true bearing of each of the lines given that the magnetic
declination was 10°W.

11. A closed traverse was conducted round an obstacle and the following observations were made.
Work out the missing quantities :

Line Length (m) Azimuth

AB ? 33° 45'
BC 300 86° 23'
CD ? 169° 23'
DE 450 243°54'
EA 268 317° 30'

12. The following lengths and bearings were recorded in running a theodolite traverse in the counter
clockwise direction, the length of CD and bearing of DE having been omitted. Determine the length
of CD and the bearing of DE.

Line Length (m) R.B.

AB 281.4. S 69° 11' E
BC 129.4 N 21° 49' E
CD ? N 19° 34' W
DE 144.5 ?
EA 168.7 S 74° 24' W

13. Find the area of the closed traverse having the following data by the departure and total latitude
method.
Side Latitude Departure
AB +225.5 +120.5
BC -245.0 +210.5
CD -150.5 -110.5
DA +170.0 -220.0

14. Following staff readings were obtained during a levelling work with the instrument being shifted
after the 3th, 6th and 9th.. Readings : 2.215, 0.955, 0.985, 2.345, 2.105, 1.295, 1.325, 2.327, 1.498,
0.975 and 1.625. Find the reduced levels of the remaining points if the RL is 200.00 for the first
point using height of instrument method.
15. The readings obtained from a two-peg test carried out on an automatic level with a staff placed on
two pegs A and B 50 m apart are: With the level midway between A and B: Staff reading at A =
1.283 m Staff reading at B = 0.860 m With the level positioned 5 m from peg B on line AB
extended: Staff reading at A = 1.612 m Staff reading at B = 1.219 m. Calculate the collimation
error of the level per 50 m sighting distance and the horizontal reading that should be observed on
the staff at A with the level in position 5m from B.
16. A nominal distance of 30 metres was set out with a 30m steel tape from a mark on the tap of one
peg to a mark on the top of another, the tape being in catenary under a pull of 10 kg and at a mean
temperature of 70 °F. The top of one peg was 0.25 metre below the top of the other. The top of the
higher peg was 460 metres above mean sea level. Calculate the exact horizontal distance between
the marks on the two pegs and reduce it to mean sea level, if the tape was standardized at a
temperature of 60 °F, in catenary, under a pull of (a) 10kg, (b) 12kg, (c) 14 kg.
Take radius of earth = 6370km
Density of tape = 7.86 g/cm3
Section of tape = 0.08 sq. cm
Co-efficient of expansion = 6x 10-6 per 1°F
Young’s modulus = 2x106 kg/cm2