December 8, 2024 ENGLISH MADHYAM

English Madhyam
(Weekly vocabulary compilation)
From 02 DEC 2024 to 07 DEC 2024

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Table of Contents
Part - A
The Hindu Editorial: ONOS bitten (02 NOV 2024) .................................................................................................... 4
The Hindu Editorial : First step: On the Israel-Hezbollah ceasefire (03 nov 2024) ................................... 6
The Hindu Editorial : New crimes, old tools (04 NOV 2024)................................................................................. 8
The Hindu Editorial: Preparing for the worst (05 NOV 2024) .......................................................................... 10
The Hindu Editorial: A cut in time: On the plastic pollution problem (06 NOV2024) ............................. 12
The Hindu Editorial: A slow return: On border tensions and India-China ties (07 NOV 2024) ......... 14
Part - B
The Indian Express Editorial: express view: An IFF(I) endeavor (02 NOV 2024) ..................................... 17
The Tribune Editorial: Beyond bans (03 NOV 2024) ............................................................................................. 18
The Tribune Editorial: Food wastage (04 NOV 2024)............................................................................................ 20
The Indian Express Editorial: CBSE proposal for a two-tier study (05 NOV 2024).............................................. 22
The Indian Express Editorial: Bengalis and the love of potatoes (06 NOV 2024) ..................................... 24
The Indian Express Editorial: Using social media is injurious to health (07 NOV 2024) .................................. 26
Part - C
Indian Express editorial: RBI’s dilemma (02 NOV 2024) ..................................................................................... 28
The Times of India editorial: Seek eternal bliss in the self within (03 NOV 2024) .................................... 30
The Hindu editorial: A wake-up call: On the growth forecast (04 NOV 2024) ........................................... 33
The Economic times editorial: Visible withdrawal symptoms of ATMs (05 NOV 2024)........................ 35
The Pioneer editorial: The role of teachers in building positive learning spaces (06 NOV 2024) ..... 37
The Times of India editorial: Can we love our neighbours (07 NOV 2024) .................................................. 39

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The Hindu Editorial: ONOS bitten (02 NOV 2024)

1. Undesirable (adjective) – Unwanted, 14. Oblige (verb) – Require, compel, bind, force
unfavorable, objectionable, unwelcome ब ध्य करन
अव ांछनीय
15. Upshot (noun) – Result, outcome,
2. Boon (noun) – Blessing, benefit, advantage, conclusion, consequence पररण म
aid वरद न
16. Stranglehold (noun) – Dominance, control,
3. Vis-à-vis (preposition) – In relation to, with grip, monopoly दबदब
regard to, compared with, concerning की
17. Subsist on (verb) – Survive on, live on, exist
तुलन में
on, depend on पर त्रनभार रहन
4. Hefty (adjective) – Large, substantial,
18. Willingness (noun) – Readiness, eagerness,
considerable, heavy भ री, बड
desire, inclination इच्छ
5. Journal (noun) – Academic publication,
periodical, scholarly magazine, research 19. Seen against the backdrop of (phrase) –

publication शोध पत्रिक Considering, in the context of, in light of की

पृ ष्ठभूत्रम में दे खते हुए
6. Scholar (noun) – Academic, researcher,
intellectual, student शोधकत ा 20. Stagnant (adjective) – Inactive, sluggish, not
growing, static स्थिर
7. At large (phrase) – In general, as a whole,
broadly, overall स म न्य तौर पर 21. Adoption (noun) – Acceptance,
implementation, embracing, incorporation
8. Avail (verb) – Utilize, use, make use of, take अपन न
advantage of ल भ उठ न
22. Discoverability (noun) – Ease of being
9. Climb (verb) – Increase, rise, go up, escalate found, visibility, accessibility खोजयोग्यत
बढ़न
23. Factor in (phrasal verb) – Include, consider,
10. Band up (phrasal verb) – Unite, come take into account, incorporate श त्रमल
together, join forces, collaborate इकट्ठ करन
होन
24. Potential (noun) – Possibility, capability,
11. Consortia (noun) – Associations, alliances, capacity, promise क्षमत
coalitions, groups सांघ
25. Modality (noun) – Method, manner, way,
12. Bargaining power (noun) – Negotiating approach त्रवत्रध, तरीक
strength, leverage, influence in negotiations
मोलभ व की त कत 26. Transparency (noun) – Openness, clarity,
accountability, lack of secrecy प रदत्रशात
13. Negotiation (noun) – Discussion,
bargaining, talks, deliberation ब तचीत

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27. Perturbing (adjective) – Disturbing, 31. Gain currency (phrase) – Become accepted,
worrying, unsettling, troubling त्रचांत जनक become popular, gain acceptance, become
widespread लोकत्रिय होन
28. Monitor (verb) – Observe, watch, oversee,
supervise त्रनगर नी करन 32. As a means of (phrase) – As a way of, as a
method of, for the purpose of के तरीके से
29. Cull (verb) – Remove, eliminate, weed out,
discard हट न 33. Deemed (adjective) – Considered, regarded
as, judged, thought म न गय
30. Predatory (adjective) – Exploitative,
unscrupulous, unfair, taking advantage 34. Premature (adjective) – Early, untimely, too
शोषणक री, ल भ उठ ने व ल soon, before proper time असमय

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The Hindu Editorial : First step: On the Israel-Hezbollah ceasefire (03

nov 2024)
1. Ceasefire (noun) – Truce, armistice, 14. Enforce (verb) – Implement, apply, uphold,
suspension of hostilities, peace agreement impose ल गू करन
युद्धत्रवर म
15. Claim (verb) – Assert, declare, profess,
2. Break out (phrasal verb) – Begin suddenly, state द व करन
erupt, start, commence शुरू होन
16. Divine (adjective) – Godly, heavenly,
3. Solidarity (noun) – Unity, support, sacred, holy त्रदव्य
cohesion, mutual support एकजुटत
17. Suffer (verb) – Experience, endure,
4. Cease (verb) – Stop, halt, end, discontinue undergo, face सहन
रोकन
18. Setback (noun) – Hindrance, obstacle,
5. Troop (noun) – Soldiers, military forces, reversal, defeat न क मय बी
armed forces, army units सैत्रनक
19. Stronghold (noun) – Fortress, bastion,
6. Invasion (noun) – Incursion, attack, center of strength, strong area गढ़
assault, offensive आक्रमण
20. Neighbourhood (noun) – Area, locality,
7. Displace (verb) – Force to move, uproot, district, vicinity पडोस
expel, relocate त्रवि त्रपत करन
21. Pulverise (verb) – Destroy completely,
8. Climb down (phrasal verb) – Back down, demolish, crush, annihilate नष्ट करन
yield, concede, retract पीछे हटन
22. Stark (adjective) – Harsh, severe, blunt,
9. Maximalist (adjective) – Extreme, clear स्पष्ट
uncompromising, hardline, all-or-nothing
अत्रधकतमव दी, कठोर 23. Possess (verb) – Own, have, hold, control
रखन
10. France-mediated (adjective) – Facilitated
by France, with France acting as a 24. Territorial (adjective) – Relating to land,
mediator फ् ांस द्व र मध्यित त्रकय गय geographic, spatial क्षे िीय

11. Withdraw (verb) – Pull out, retreat, 25. Advance (noun) – Progress, movement
remove, draw back व पस लेन , हट न forward, approach, forward movement
िगत्रत, उन्नत्रत
12. Redeploy (verb) – Reassign, reposition,
relocate, move पु नः तैन त करन 26. Stiff (adjective) – Strong, severe, hard,
tough कत्रठन, कड
13. Entrust (verb) – Assign responsibility,
delegate, hand over, charge सौ ांपन 27. Resistance (noun) – Opposition, defiance,
fight, struggle त्रवरोध

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28. Bombing (noun) – Air attack, 34. Disproportionate war (noun) – A conflict
bombardment, shelling, airstrike बमब री where the response is not proportional to
the initial action असांगत युद्ध
29. Given (preposition) – Considering, in view
of, taking into account को दे खते हुए 35. Constructive (adjective) – Helpful, positive,
productive, beneficial रचन त्मक, सह यक
30. Give up (phrasal verb) – Surrender,
abandon, relinquish, concede छोड दे न 36. Momentum (noun) – Drive, impetus,
force, energy गत्रत
31. Settle for (verb) – Accept, agree to, be
content with, compromise with सांतोष 37. Push for (verb) – Advocate, encourage,
करन promote, urge िय स करन

32. Short-lived (adjective) – Temporary, brief, 38. Leverage (noun) – Influence, advantage,
fleeting, transitory अल्पक त्रलक power, clout िभ व

33. Rearm (verb) – Re-equip with weapons, 39. Ally (noun) – Partner, supporter,
resupply, re-equip militarily त्रिर से collaborator, friend सहयोगी
हत्रथय रबां द होन
40. Bombardment (noun) – Continuous attack,
shelling, barrage, onslaught बमब री

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The Hindu Editorial : New crimes, old tools (04 NOV 2024)
1. Hold accountable (phrase) – Make 15. Ill-prepared (adjective) – Unprepared,
responsible, hold liable, demand answers inadequately prepared, underprepared,
from, require to answer for त्रजम्मे द र ठहर न poorly equipped अपय ाप्त रूप से तैय र

2. Thrive (verb) – Prosper, flourish, succeed, 16. Overwhelming (adjective) – Enormous,

grow strongly पनपन immense, overpowering, excessive अत्यत्रधक

3. Prosecution (noun) – Legal proceedings, trial, 17. Malicious (adjective) – Harmful, spiteful,
legal action, indictment क नू नी क याव ही malevolent, evil-minded दु भ ावन पू णा

4. Address (verb) – Tackle, deal with, attend to, 18. Fertile (adjective) – Productive, conducive,
confront सम ध न करन , त्रनपटन fruitful, rich अनु कूल

5. Menace (noun) – Threat, danger, hazard, 19. Employ (verb) – Use, utilize, apply, make use
peril खतर of ियोग करन

6. Non-consensual (adjective) – Without 20. Ingenious (adjective) – Clever, inventive,

agreement, without consent, unauthorized, resourceful, innovative चतुर
involuntary त्रबन सहमत्रत के
21. Enforcement (noun) – Implementation,
7. Intimate (adjective) – Private, personal, execution, imposition, upholding िवतान, ल गू
confidential, close त्रनजी करन

8. Unlike (preposition) – Different from, in 22. Cultivate (verb) – Develop, foster, nurture,
contrast to, dissimilar to, not like के त्रवपरीत build त्रवकत्रसत करन

9. Petty (adjective) – Minor, trivial, insignificant, 23. Hotspot (noun) – High-activity area, hub,
small-scale छोट -मोट center of activity, trouble spot केंद्र

10. Merely (adverb) – Only, just, simply, nothing 24. Carry out (phrasal verb) – Execute, perform,
more than म ि conduct, implement अां ज म दे न

11. Desperate (adjective) – Hopeless, distressed, 25. Impunity (noun) – Exemption from
frantic, in dire need हत श punishment, immunity, freedom from
consequences सज से छूट
12. Equip with (verb) – Provide, furnish, supply,
arm with सुसस्थित करन 26. Rampant (adjective) – Widespread,
uncontrolled, unchecked, unrestrained
13. Vulnerable (adjective) – Exposed,
अत्रनयांत्रित
susceptible, defenseless, at risk कमजोर
27. Grave (adjective) – Serious, severe, critical,
14. Infrastructure (noun) – Basic systems,
alarming गां भीर
framework, foundation, facilities बु त्रनय दी
ढ ांच

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28. Combat (verb) – Fight, battle, confront, 38. Evolve (verb) – Develop, progress, change,
tackle मुक बल करन adapt त्रवकत्रसत होन

29. Aggressive (adjective) – Forceful, assertive, 39. Persona (noun) – Character, identity, image,
vigorous, intensive आक्र मक role छत्रव

30. Integrity (noun) – Honesty, moral 40. Deceive (verb) – Mislead, trick, dupe, cheat
uprightness, probity, ethical conduct त्रनष्ठ , धोख दे न
ईम नद री
41. Scepticism (noun) – Doubt, disbelief,
31. Transparency (noun) – Openness, clarity, questioning attitude, suspicion सांदेह
accountability, lack of secrecy प रदत्रशात
42. Fall prey to (phrase) – Become a victim of, be
32. Reflect poorly on (phrase) – Show harmed by, succumb to त्रशक र होन
unfavorably, give a bad impression of,
43. Push for (verb) – Advocate, promote,
discredit, tarnish बु र िभ व ड लन
encourage, urge िय स करन
33. Apparatus (noun) – System, structure,
44. Vulnerability (noun) – Susceptibility,
organization, machinery यांिण , सांगठन
weakness, exposure, risk कमजोरी
34. Window (noun) – Opportunity, chance,
45. Pressing (adjective) – Urgent, critical,
opening, period अवसर, मौक
immediate, important जरूरी
35. Breakthrough (noun) – Significant
advancement, discovery, progress, leap 46. Combat (verb) – Fight against, oppose,

forward िगत्रत counter, tackle मुक बल करन

36. Conviction (noun) – Declaration of guilt, 47. Preventive (adjective) – Protective,

precautionary, preemptive, deterrent
sentence, judgment, verdict दोषत्रसस्थद्ध
रोकथ म करने व ल
37. Ethic (noun) – Moral principles, values, code
of conduct, standards नै त्रतकत , आच र
सांत्रहत

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The Hindu Editorial: Preparing for the worst (05 NOV 2024)
1. Peninsula (noun) – Landmass surrounded 15. Monograph (noun) – a detailed written
by water on three sides, cape, headland, study of a single specialized subject or an
promontory ि यद्वीप aspect of it. एक-त्रवषयक पु स्तक

2. Magnitude (noun) – Extent, size, scale, 16. Conclude (verb) – Determine, decide, find,
level त्रवस्त र deduce तय करन

3. Devastation (noun) – Destruction, ruin, 17. Depression (noun) – Low-pressure

havoc, damage त्रवन श, तब ही weather system, cyclone, storm कम दब व
क क्षे ि
4. Landslip (noun) – Landslide, ground
collapse, earthfall भूस्खलन 18. Intensify (verb) – Increase, strengthen,
escalate, amplify िबल करन
5. Claim (verb) – Cause death of, take, result
in the loss of ज ने लेन 19. Concrete (adjective) – Specific, definite,
solid, tangible ठोस
6. Adjoin (verb) – Neighbor, border, be next
to, touch सट होन 20. Tangible (adjective) – Real, concrete,
perceptible, palpable स्पष्ट
7. Bear the brunt (phrase) – Suffer the worst
part, take the main force, be most affected 21. Rehabilitation (noun) – Restoration,
खामियाजा भु गतना recovery, rebuilding, reconstruction
पु नि ापन
8. Worsen (verb) – Aggravate, exacerbate,
deteriorate, make worse और खर ब होन 22. Make public (phrase) – Reveal, disclose,
publish, announce स वा जत्रनक करन
9. Plight (noun) – Difficult situation,
predicament, hardship, adversity दु दाश 23. Strengthen (verb) – Reinforce, fortify,
bolster, enhance मजबू त करन
10. Seek (verb) – Request, ask for, appeal for,
pursue म ांग करन 24. Bund (noun) – Embankment, levee, dam,
barrier तटबां ध
11. Assistance (noun) – Help, aid, support,
relief सह यत 25. Silt (noun) – Sediment, mud, sludge,
deposits कीचड
12. It is time (phrase) – The moment has
come, now is the time, it's appropriate 26. Course (noun) – Path, route, channel, flow
now समय आ गय है िव ह म गा

13. Concerned (adjective) – Involved, related, 27. Relentless (adjective) – Unceasing,

responsible, associated सांबांत्रधत persistent, continuous, unremitting त्रनरां तर

14. Given (preposition) – Considering, taking 28. Drive (noun) – Campaign, initiative, effort,
into account, in view of को दे खते हुए push िु मिि

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29. Encroachment (noun) – Infringement, 31. Take pride (phrase) – Be proud of, feel
intrusion, invasion, trespass अत्रतक्रमण satisfaction in, value, cherish गवा करन

30. Carry out (phrasal verb) – Execute, 32. Irrigation (noun) – Watering, supplying
perform, implement, accomplish अां ज म water, irrigation system त्रसांच ई
दे न

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The Hindu Editorial: A cut in time: On the plastic pollution problem (06
NOV2024)
1. In time (phrase) – Eventually, sooner or 14. Impression (noun) – Perception, belief,
later, before it's too late सिय पर, अंततः thought, idea धारणा

2. Ill-effect (phrase) – Negative impact, 15. Unanimous (adjective) – United, agreed,

harmful consequence, adverse result undivided, collective सववसम्मत
िामनकारक प्रभाव
16. Address (verb) – Tackle, deal with, resolve,
3. Wrangling (noun) – Dispute, argument, handle सुलझाना
quarrel, altercation मववाद
17. Divisive (adjective) – Controversial,
4. Ambitious (adjective) – Aspiring, polarizing, conflicting, discordant
determined, high-reaching, challenging मवभाजनकारी
िित्त्वाकां क्षी
18. Gather (verb) – Assemble, collect, convene,
5. Endeavour (noun) – Effort, attempt, congregate इकट्ठा िोना
venture, undertaking प्रयास
19. Usefulness (noun) – Utility, practicality,
6. Pilot (verb) – Lead, guide, test, conduct value, effectiveness उपयोमगता
ने तृत्व करना
20. Era (noun) – Period, epoch, age, time युग
7. Phase out (phrasal verb) – Gradually stop,
withdraw, discontinue धीरे -धीरे सिाप्त करना 21. Indestructibility (noun) – Durability,
permanence, resilience, endurance
8. Turn out to be (phrase) – Prove to be, अमवनाशनीयता
result in, emerge as सामित िोना
22. Hazard (noun) – Danger, risk, threat, peril
9. Resolution (noun) – Decision, खतरा
determination, declaration, commitment
प्रस्ताव 23. Seep into (phrasal verb) – Penetrate,
infiltrate, percolate, enter सिा जाना, प्रवेश
10. Marine (adjective) – Oceanic, aquatic, करना
related to the sea सिु द्री
24. Progress (verb) – Advance, move forward,
11. Framework (noun) – Structure, system, develop, improve आगे िढ़ना
outline, blueprint ढां चा
25. Eyesore (noun) – Blight, ugliness,
12. Deem (verb) – Consider, regard, judge, view unpleasant sight आं खों को चुभने वाला दृश्य
िानना
26. Litter (noun) – pieces of paper, rubbish, etc.
13. Historic (adjective) – Significant, landmark, that are left in a public place साववजमनक
momentous, remarkable ऐमतिामसक स्थल पर जिा कूड़ा-कचरा

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27. Overwhelmed (adjective) – Overburdened, 37. Intent (noun) – Purpose, aim, objective,
inundated, swamped, overrun अत्यमधक goal इरादा
दिाव िें
38. Stall (verb) – Delay, hinder, obstruct, pause
28. Redeem (verb) – Rectify, compensate for, टालना
make amends, improve सुधार करना
39. Reconvene (verb) – Reassemble, reunite,
29. A pipe dream (phrase) – Unrealistic hope, gather again, meet again पुनः एकमित िोना
fantasy, unattainable idea अव्याविाररक
40. Perspective (noun) – Viewpoint, outlook,
कल्पना
angle, stance दृमिकोण
30. Impose (verb) – Enforce, inflict, mandate,
41. Impasse (noun) – Deadlock, stalemate,
introduce थोपना
gridlock, standstill गमतरोध
31. Gradual (adjective) – Step-by-step, slow,
42. Averse (to) (verb) – Opposed to, reluctant,
incremental, progressive क्रमिक
unwilling, resistant अरुमचकर
32. Premise (on) (verb) – Base on, found on,
43. Acknowledge (verb) – Admit, accept,
establish on, assume आधाररत िोना
recognize, concede स्वीकार करना
33. Extraction (noun) – Removal, retrieval,
44. Indispensability (noun) – Necessity,
mining, pulling out मनकासी
importance, essentiality, requirement
34. Baulk (verb) – Hesitate, refuse, resist, अपररिायवता, आवश्यकता
oppose इन्कार करना, घिराना
45. Evaluate (verb) – Assess, judge, appraise,
35. Masquerade (verb) – Pretend, disguise, analyze िू ल्ां कन करना
pose, fake ढोंग करना
46. Ecology (noun) – Environment, ecosystem,
36. Environmentalism (noun) – nature, biosphere पयाव वरण, पाररस्थिमतकी
Conservationism, eco-friendliness, nature
47. On the wrong side of history (phrase) –
preservation पयाव वरण संरक्षण
Against progress, outdated, backward-
thinking मवकास के मवपरीत

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The Hindu Editorial: A slow return: On border tensions and India-China

ties (07 NOV 2024)
1. Ties (noun) – Connections, relationships, 14. Make clear (phrase) – Clarify, explain,
associations, links सांबांध emphasize, assert स्पष्ट करन

2. Suo motu (noun) – On its own motion, 15. Engagement (noun) – Interaction,
voluntarily, self-initiated action स्वतः involvement, commitment, participation
सांज्ञ न सिभामगता

3. Overdue (adjective) – Delayed, late, 16. Contingent (on) (adjective) – depending,

pending, belated दे री से liable, dependent, conditional, शता पर
त्रनभार
4. Following (preposition) – After,
subsequent to, ensuing, next के ब द 17. Coordination (noun) – Organization,
alignment, collaboration, cooperation
5. Transgression (noun) – Violation, breach, समन्वय
infringement, defiance अत्रतक्रमण
18. Mechanism (noun) – System, structure,
6. Deadly (adverb) – Lethal, fatal, life- process, framework तांि
threatening, severe घ तक
19. Troop (noun) – Soldiers, unit, squad, group
7. Clash (noun) – Conflict, confrontation, सैत्रनक दल
skirmish, fight टकर व
20. De-escalation (noun) – Reduction, scaling
8. Divulge (verb) – Reveal, disclose, share, down, defusing, easing तन व कम करन
make known िकट करन
21. De-induction (noun) – Withdrawal,
9. Disengagement (noun) – Withdrawal, removal, detachment, separation हट व
separation, detachment, retreat पीछे िटना
22. Given (preposition) – Considering, taking
10. Friction (noun) – Conflict, tension, into account, because of दे खते हुए
disagreement, discord तन व, त्रवरोध
23. Patrolling (noun) – Surveillance,
11. In the dark (phrase) – Uninformed, monitoring, guard duty, watch गश्त करन
unaware, ignorant, clueless अनज न, अां धेरे
में 24. Arrangement (noun) – Plan, setup,
agreement, preparation व्यवि
12. Substantial (adjective) – Significant,
considerable, major, meaningful महत्वपू णा 25. Resumption (noun) – Restart,
continuation, renewal, recommencement
13. Aspect (noun) – Feature, facet, पु नः आरां भ
component, perspective पहलू
26. Underway (adjective) – Ongoing, in
progress, happening, in motion चल रह है

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27. Euphemism (noun) – Polite term, softened 35. Demarcate (verb) – Define, mark, set
expression, indirect term त्रशष्ट व क्य boundaries, outline सीम त्रनध ारण करन

28. Buffer zone (noun) – a neutral area serving 36. In spite of (phrase) – Despite, although,
to separate hostile forces or nations. सुरक्ष even though के ब वजूद
क्षे ि
37. Demonstrate (verb) – Show, display,
29. Casus belli (noun) – Cause of war, prove, illustrate त्रदख न
justification for conflict; an act or situation
38. Doves and hawks (noun) – Peace
that provokes or justifies a war. युद्ध क
advocates and war proponents, moderates
क रण
and aggressors श ांत्रत समथाक और युद्ध
30. Status quo ante (noun) – Original state, समथाक
previous situation, former condition पहले
39. Establishment (noun) – Institution,
की स्थित्रत
organization, authority, regime शासन
31. Lay stress on (phrase) – Emphasize,
40. Intensive (adjective) – Thorough,
highlight, focus on, underscore जोर दे न
concentrated, rigorous, detailed गहन
32. Uphold (verb) – Support, defend, maintain,
41. Intense (adjective) – Extreme, strong,
sustain बन ए रखन
vigorous, severe तीव्र
33. Integrity (noun) – Honesty, unity,
42. Sustain (verb) – Maintain, support,
wholeness, soundness ईम नद री
continue, uphold बन ए रखन
34. Expedite (verb) – Accelerate, hasten,
speed up, facilitate तेज करन

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