SeisComP3 processing work-flow - part 1

Dr. Bernd Weber

gempa GmbH, Potsdam, Germany

March 25, 2012

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Dr. Bernd Weber & J. Becker (gempa GmbH) SeisComP SeisComP3 processing work-flow March 25, 2012 1 / 33
Outline

1 Architecture

2 scautopick

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Dr. Bernd Weber & J. Becker (gempa GmbH) SeisComP SeisComP3 processing work-flow March 25, 2012 2 / 33
SeisComP3 components

Processing Retrieves waveform data from remote stations,

(trunk)
archives it and delivers it to clients on request
Modules: SeedLink, slarchive and ArcLink

Processes waveform data automatically and emits

derived parameters such as picks, amplitudes,
Acquisition Analysis
magnitudes, hypocenters and events
Modules: scmaster, scautoloc, scautopick, scamp,
scmag and scevent

Provides graphical user interfaces to analyse and verify

results and waveforms interactively either in realtime or
as post event analysis
Modules: scrttv, scmv, scolv and scesv

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Dr. Bernd Weber & J. Becker (gempa GmbH) SeisComP SeisComP3 processing work-flow March 25, 2012 3 / 33
SeisComP3 components

autopick autoloc Map Trace

SeedLink View View
event
parameters

ArcLink QC
event Locator Event
associator View View

Acquisition Processing Analysis

P PP S

P PP S

P PP S

M
M 3.5 M 3.4

Event

M 3.5 (A)
M 3.4 (M)

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SeisComP3 acquisition system

SeedLink collects waveform data from stations

through plugins. Many plugins for various
digitizers are available. SeedLink is a TCP
chain
SeedLink2SeedLink
Scream! ... server and delivers TCP data streams to remote
Pipe clients on port 18000 (configurable).
slarchive stores the waveforms in an archive
(SDS structure).
Port: 18000
SeedLink
ArcLink provides the archived data as a TCP
server to local/remote clients on port 18001
slarchive wf (configurable).
<SDS>

Port: 18001
ArcLink

Acquisition

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SeisComP3 processing system

Waveform server provides real time data with

SeedLink and archived data with ArcLink
Master is messaging servera which handles
meta data exchange between SC3 modules and
stores objects in a database. Connections are
excepted from TCP clients on port 4803.
EventTool associates origins (locations) to
events and chooses the best location and
magnitude among all candidates
a .. http://www.spread.org
based on Spread toolkit

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Dr. Bernd Weber & J. Becker (gempa GmbH) SeisComP SeisComP3 processing work-flow March 25, 2012 6 / 33
SeisComP3 processing & interactive system

Automatic and interactive system each running on a dedicated computer. Both

systems are connected to the same messaging and waveform server.
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SC3 - workflow

1P
1A
1P 1A
scautopick scautoloc

SL GUI
scevent

1P 1A
scmag

Figure: scautopick is sending out picks (seismic phase onsets)

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SC3 - workflow

2P
2A
2P 2A
scautopick scautoloc

SL GUI
scevent

2P 2A
scmag

Figure: scautopick is sending out picks (seismic phase onsets)

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SC3 - workflow

3P
3A
3P 3A
scautopick scautoloc

SL GUI
scevent

3P 3A
scmag

Figure: scautopick is sending out picks (seismic phase onsets)

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Dr. Bernd Weber & J. Becker (gempa GmbH) SeisComP SeisComP3 processing work-flow March 25, 2012 10 / 33
SC3 - workflow

4P
4A
4P 4A
scautopick scautoloc

SL GUI
scevent

4P 4A
scmag

Figure: scautopick is sending out picks (seismic phase onsets)

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Dr. Bernd Weber & J. Becker (gempa GmbH) SeisComP SeisComP3 processing work-flow March 25, 2012 11 / 33
SC3 - workflow

5P
5A
5P 5A
scautopick scautoloc

SL GUI
scevent

5P 5A
scmag

Figure: scautopick is sending out picks (seismic phase onsets)

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SC3 - workflow

6P
6A
6P 6A
scautopick scautoloc

SL GUI
scevent

6P 6A
scmag

Figure: scautopick is sending out picks (seismic phase onsets)

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SC3 - workflow

7P
7A
7P 7A
scautopick scautoloc

SL GUI
scevent

7P 7A
scmag

Figure: scautopick is sending out picks (seismic phase onsets)

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Dr. Bernd Weber & J. Becker (gempa GmbH) SeisComP SeisComP3 processing work-flow March 25, 2012 14 / 33
SC3 - workflow

7P
7A
7P 7A 1O
scautopick scautoloc

SL 1O GUI
scevent

7P 7A
scmag
1O

Figure: scautoloc is receiving the picks and is sending out a hypocenter solution
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Dr. Bernd Weber & J. Becker (gempa GmbH) SeisComP SeisComP3 processing work-flow March 25, 2012 15 / 33
SC3 - workflow

7P
7A
7P 7A 1O
scautopick scautoloc 1E

SL 1O GUI
scevent

7P 7A
scmag
1O

Figure: scevent receives the hypocenter and is creating a new event

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Dr. Bernd Weber & J. Becker (gempa GmbH) SeisComP SeisComP3 processing work-flow March 25, 2012 16 / 33
SC3 - workflow

7P
7A
7P 7A 1O
scautopick scautoloc 1E
7M

SL 1O GUI
scevent
7M

7P 7A
scmag
1O

Figure: scmag is receiving the hypocenter and calculates magnitudes

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SC3 - workflow

7P
7A
7P 7A 1O
scautopick scautoloc 2E
7M

SL 1O GUI
scevent
7M

7P 7A
scmag
1O

Figure: scevent is receiving the magnitudes and is updating the event with a preferred
magnitude . . . . . .

Dr. Bernd Weber & J. Becker (gempa GmbH) SeisComP SeisComP3 processing work-flow March 25, 2012 18 / 33
SC3 - workflow

8P
8A
8P 8A 2O
scautopick scautoloc 2E
7M

SL 2O GUI
scevent
7M

8P 8A
scmag
2O

Figure:
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Dr. Bernd Weber & J. Becker (gempa GmbH) SeisComP SeisComP3 processing work-flow March 25, 2012 19 / 33
SC3 - workflow

8P
8A
8P 8A 2O
scautopick scautoloc 3E
7M

SL 2O GUI
scevent
7M

8P 8A
scmag
2O

Figure:
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Dr. Bernd Weber & J. Becker (gempa GmbH) SeisComP SeisComP3 processing work-flow March 25, 2012 20 / 33
SC3 - workflow

8P
8A
8P 8A 2O
scautopick scautoloc 3E
8M

SL 2O GUI
scevent
8M

8P 8A
scmag
2O

Figure:
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Dr. Bernd Weber & J. Becker (gempa GmbH) SeisComP SeisComP3 processing work-flow March 25, 2012 21 / 33
SC3 - workflow

8P
8A
8P 8A 2O
scautopick scautoloc 4E
8M

SL 2O GUI
scevent
8M

8P 8A
scmag
2O

Figure:
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Dr. Bernd Weber & J. Becker (gempa GmbH) SeisComP SeisComP3 processing work-flow March 25, 2012 22 / 33
scautopick - Introduction

scautopick is applying different algorithms to the waveform signals, retrieved

from the real-time data acquisition (SeedLink), to detect potential earthquake
onsets. The picking process is split into 2 processes, detection and picking.
While the detector is based on a STALTA algorithm which gives only a rough
onset, the picker is using intelligent algorithm to pick the exact onsets.
In addition to automatic picking scautopick pre-calculates amplitudes of
different types mainly to safe time, but also to provide mb amplitude
information required by the autolocation process (scautoloc).

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Dr. Bernd Weber & J. Becker (gempa GmbH) SeisComP SeisComP3 processing work-flow March 25, 2012 23 / 33
scautopick - Detector

The default detector filter is build up by the filter string

RMHP(10)»ITAPER(30)»BW(3,0.7,2)»STALTA(2,80). It applies the following to the
waveforms.
 RMHP(10) - Running Mean High Pass of 10 seconds
 ITAPER(30) - ITAPER of 30 seconds
 BW(3,0.7,2) - Butterworth filter of third order with corner frequencies of 0.7
and 2 Hz
 STALTA(2,80) - Short Term Average divided by Long term Average with time
windows of 2 seconds (STA) and 80 seconds (LTA)

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Dr. Bernd Weber & J. Becker (gempa GmbH) SeisComP SeisComP3 processing work-flow March 25, 2012 24 / 33
scautopick - Detector

Figure: RMHP(10)

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scautopick - Detector

Figure: RMHP(10)»ITAPER(30)

Figure: RMHP(10)»ITAPER(30)»BW(3,0.7,2)

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scautopick - Detector

Figure: RMHP(10)»ITAPER(30)»BW(3,0.7,2)»STALTA(2,80)

In case of no ongoing earhtquake the STALTA ratio is 1�. In case larger

amplitudes are moving into the STA/LTA window as it happens when a
earthquake is recorded, the ratio is increasing as the average of absolute
amplitudes in the STA window is large than the average of the LTA window. The
reason is, that the main part of the LTA window is still in the seismic noise.

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scautopick - Detector

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scautopick - Detector

A configurable trigger-on threshold defines when the pick is set. By default the
triggerOn threshold is 3.

Figure: Detection with triggerOn level of 3

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Dr. Bernd Weber & J. Becker (gempa GmbH) SeisComP SeisComP3 processing work-flow March 25, 2012 29 / 33
scautopick - Detector

The algorithm implies that the pick time is always later than the real onset.
Therefore a time correction can be applied which shifts the pick time towards
the real-onset. This timeCorrection is by default 0.8 seconds.

Figure: Detection with time correction

While the ratio is above the defined threshold the detector is “dead“. Once the
STALTA ratio falls below the trigger-off threshold by default 1.5, the detector is
activated again.

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Dr. Bernd Weber & J. Becker (gempa GmbH) SeisComP SeisComP3 processing work-flow March 25, 2012 30 / 33
scautopick - Picker

The Picker supports different algorithms to look for the exact onset in a
configurable time window around the detection. The time window is
configurable. The Picker is by default not activated, that means normally only
detections are send out

Figure: Pick using the AIC algorithm

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Dr. Bernd Weber & J. Becker (gempa GmbH) SeisComP SeisComP3 processing work-flow March 25, 2012 31 / 33
scautopick - Frequency ranges

The frequency range used for picking mainly depends on the distance between
hypocenter and station as well as the magnitude of the earthquake. The
frequency range containing the maximum energy shifts with larged distance and
larger earthquakes to lower frequencies. Below are some recommendations.
 small local earthquakes (1<M<4, distance < 6°) => BW(4,4,12) (Butterworth of
4th order with corner frequencies of 3 and 10 Hz)
 medium size regional earthquakes (4<M<6, distance < 10°) => BW(4,2,8)
(Butterworth of 4th order with corner frequencies of 2 and 8 Hz)
 large or teleseismic earthquakes (M>6,distances > 20°) => BW(4,0.7,2)
(Butterworth of 4th order with corner frequencies of 0.7 and 2 Hz)

Best frequency range is also influenced through station noise. The given values are only rough
guidelines.

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Dr. Bernd Weber & J. Becker (gempa GmbH) SeisComP SeisComP3 processing work-flow March 25, 2012 32 / 33
scautopick - Amplitudes

In addition to the picking scautopick automatically pre-calculates amplitudes of

different types with fixed time windows starting x seconds before the pick and
ending x seconds time after the pick. The defaults are the mb amplitude with a
time window of 30 seconds, the MLv with 120 seconds and 60 seconds for mB.
More amplitudes can be configured, but only amplitudes allowing fixed time
windows and using the Z-component are supported.

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Dr. Bernd Weber & J. Becker (gempa GmbH) SeisComP SeisComP3 processing work-flow March 25, 2012 33 / 33