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System_Design_Topics

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7 views5 pages

System_Design_Topics

Uploaded by

pchugh965
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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System Design Topics Overview

1. Introduction to System Design

- What is system design?

- Importance of system design in software engineering.

- Design considerations: scalability, performance, reliability, etc.

2. Scalability

- Vertical vs Horizontal Scaling.

- Load Balancing: Round Robin, Least Connections, IP Hashing.

- Stateless vs Stateful Servers.

- Database Sharding and Replication.

3. Load Balancing

- Concepts of Load Balancing.

- Types: Software-based vs Hardware-based.

- Algorithms: Consistent Hashing, Weighted Round Robin.

- Use of Load Balancers in system design.

4. Caching

- Types of Caching: Application-level, Distributed Caching.

- Cache Replacement Policies: LRU, LFU, FIFO.

- Cache Invalidation Strategies.

- Distributed Cache Systems like Redis and Memcached.

5. Database Design
- Relational vs NoSQL Databases.

- Types of NoSQL: Key-Value Store, Document Store, Column Store, Graph Databases.

- Database Sharding, Replication, Partitioning.

- CAP Theorem: Consistency, Availability, Partition Tolerance.

6. Consistency and Availability

- Strong vs Eventual Consistency.

- Data Replication: Master-Slave, Leaderless Replication.

- Consensus Algorithms: Paxos, Raft.

7. Microservices Architecture

- Monolithic vs Microservices Architecture.

- Communication between Microservices: REST, gRPC.

- Service Discovery, API Gateway, Circuit Breakers.

8. Message Queues and Event-Driven Architecture

- Message Queuing Systems: Kafka, RabbitMQ.

- Pub/Sub Model, Event Sourcing, CQRS.

- Asynchronous Communication between services.

9. Designing High Availability Systems

- Redundancy, Failover Mechanisms.

- Distributed Systems Fault Tolerance.

- Leader Election in Distributed Systems.

10. CDN (Content Delivery Network)


- How CDNs work?

- Use of CDNs for Static and Dynamic Content Delivery.

- Popular CDNs like Cloudflare, Akamai.

11. API Design

- RESTful API Design Principles.

- Rate Limiting, Throttling, Caching in APIs.

- GraphQL vs REST APIs.

12. Security in System Design

- Authentication and Authorization: OAuth, JWT.

- Encryption: Symmetric vs Asymmetric, TLS/SSL.

- Security best practices for distributed systems.

13. Logging and Monitoring

- Logging Levels: Info, Debug, Error, etc.

- Centralized Logging Systems: ELK Stack.

- Monitoring Tools: Prometheus, Grafana.

- Alerts and Incident Management.

14. Distributed Systems

- What are distributed systems?

- Characteristics: Consistency, Availability, Partition Tolerance.

- Distributed System Architectures: Client-Server, Peer-to-Peer.

- Common challenges: Data synchronization, fault tolerance.


15. CAP Theorem

- Detailed explanation of Consistency, Availability, and Partition Tolerance.

- Real-world examples: When to sacrifice Consistency for Availability and vice-versa.

16. Rate Limiting and Throttling

- Why rate limiting is important?

- Algorithms: Token Bucket, Leaky Bucket.

- Implementing rate limiting in APIs.

17. Search Systems

- How search engines work.

- Designing large-scale search systems.

- Text indexing, Inverted Index, Elasticsearch.

18. Data Partitioning and Sharding

- Horizontal vs Vertical Partitioning.

- Database Sharding techniques.

- Partition keys, Consistent Hashing.

19. Data Warehousing and Big Data Systems

- OLTP vs OLAP.

- Data Lakes vs Data Warehouses.

- Big Data technologies: Hadoop, Spark, MapReduce.

20. Real-Time Data Processing

- Stream Processing vs Batch Processing.


- Real-time analytics systems: Apache Storm, Spark Streaming, Kafka Streams.

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