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Module 9 - Review - 2023

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17 views

Module 9 - Review - 2023

Uploaded by

40.Nguyễn Thị Minh Tú
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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MODULE 9: REVIEW – CHARTS AND GRAPHS

Sample 1
The graph shows the impact of vaccinations on the incidence of whooping cough, a childhood illness,
between 1940 and 1990 in Britain.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where
relevant.

The line graph shows the changing number of cases of whooping cough in Britain from 1940 to 1990, and
how the introduction and use of a vaccine for the disease affected the pattern.

Overall, there was a direct link between the administration of the vaccine and the number of cases of
whooping cough among children during this period in history.

To be specific, the number of cases fell from a high of 170,000 to almost zero. However, there were
significant fluctuations in the trend. For example, just after 1940, there was a surge in the number of
cases from 50,000 to approximately 170,000. Although the figure fell back in the next few years, it peaked
again in the early 1950s and fluctuated considerably until the introduction of a vaccination in the late
1950s.s

Following this, the number of cases dropped sharply to well below 20,000 in the mid-1970s, until a
sudden fall in vaccinations, from 81% to 30%, resulted in a parallel rise in the incidence of the illnesses.
Figures then went up again to 60,000 around 1980, but gradually fell back to their earlier level as
vaccinations were resumed. By 1990, 94% of children were being vaccinated against whooping cough, and
there were few, if any, cases.

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Sample 2

Sample 3

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Sample 4

The table show details for four countries concerning the percentage of the population who use the
railways, how many kilometres each person travels on average, and the number of tons of cargo the
railways carry.

What is surprising is that very few Americans use rail – less than half of one per cent – and they do not
travel far (just 80 kilometres). However, the USA carries by far the most cargo, nearly 3 thousand billion
tons. This contrasts greatly with Japan, where 27% of the population use rail, and they each travel 1980
kilometres, further than any of the other countries. On the other hand, less than 25 billion tons of freight
is carried.

The two countries which are most similar are the UK and Italy. Both have between 5 and 6 per cents of
people who use trains to travel between 770 and 780 kilometres. The amount of freight is approximately
the same, 22.2 and 21.9 billion tons respectively.

Overall, it can be seen that while citizens of the USA use railways the least, they transport the most
amount of cargo by rail.

Sample 5
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The bar charts compare numbers of female students per 100 male ones in different school levels in
two areas of the world between 1990 and 2000 with global targets for 2005.

Overall, while the global objective was a balance in gender in all education levels, there was always a
gap between the target and the reality. On average, fewer girls than boys received primary and
secondary education in both developing and developed countries. The imbalance became more
pronounced in tertiary level, albeit at two extremes for each country group.

To be specific, primary and secondary schools generally had a lower number of girls than boys.
Developing countries saw a bigger discrepancy than developed countries, with the number of girls per
100 boys at 83 in 1990 and 87 in 2000 in primary schools, and 72 and 82 respectively in secondary
schools. The figures for developed countries were much closer to the global balanced target, with over
93 girls per 100 boys in both years and levels.

By comparison, in tertiary education, the balance was worse in developing countries. In 1990, only 66
girls per 100 boys made their way to college or university. Although the next decade saw a mild
improvement in number, to 75 female students, this equaled only two thirds of the corresponding
figure for developed countries. Here, females outnumbered males at 105 and 112 respectively in 1990
and 2000, which also exceeded the ideal number worldwide.

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PRACTICE
Topic 1:

Topic 2:

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Topic 3
The chart and table below give information about healthcare resources and life expectancy in different
countries.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where
relevant.

Topic 4
The charts below give information about endangered plants around the world.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where
relevant.

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Topic 5
The graph and chart below give information about species extinctions and the threats to plant life.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where
relevant.

Topic 6
The graph and chart below give information about the destinations and employment of UK first degree
holders.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where
relevant.

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