50 Important ISTQB Interview

Questions For Experience

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1. What is Software Testing?
Software testing is the process of evaluating and verifying that a
software application or system meets specified requirements. It
aims to identify defects, ensure quality, and improve performance.
2. What are the different levels of testing?
The main levels of testing are:
Unit Testing
Integration Testing
System Testing
Acceptance Testing
3. What is the difference between verification and validation?
Verification: Ensures the product is built correctly by checking
it meets specifications (Are we building the product right?).
Validation: Ensures the product meets the user’s needs and
requirements (Are we building the right product?).
4. What is a Test Case?
A test case is a set of conditions or variables under which a tester
determines whether a software system is working correctly.
5. What is Test Coverage?
Test coverage is a metric used to measure the amount of testing
performed by a set of tests, often represented as the percentage of
code, requirements, or functionality tested.
6. What is a Test Plan?
A test plan is a document that outlines the strategy, scope,
objectives, resources, schedule, and activities to be executed during
the testing process.

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7. What is the V-Model in software testing?
The V-Model is a development model that emphasizes verification
and validation by corresponding each development phase with a
testing phase.
8. What are the different types of testing?
Functional Testing
Non-Functional Testing
Regression Testing
Usability Testing
Performance Testing
Load Testing
Stress Testing
Security Testing
9. What is the difference between a bug, defect, and error?
Error: A mistake made by a developer.
Defect: A flaw in software, identified during testing.
Bug: A defect found in production or during testing.
10. What is boundary value analysis?
Boundary value analysis is a testing technique where test cases are
designed based on boundary values (extreme values at the limits of
input).
11. What is equivalence partitioning?
Equivalence partitioning divides input data into equivalent
partitions so that test cases can cover each partition, reducing the
number of test cases.

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12. What is a use case?
A use case describes the interactions between a user and the
system to achieve a specific goal, often used to derive test cases.
13. What is a test environment?
A test environment is the combination of hardware, software, and
network configuration where testing is executed.
14. What is a defect life cycle?
The defect life cycle represents the stages a defect goes through
from identification to closure, including states like New, Assigned,
Fixed, and Closed.
15. What is regression testing?
Regression testing is performed to ensure that new changes or
updates to the code do not negatively affect the existing
functionality.
16. What is retesting?
Retesting is the process of testing a failed test case again after
defects have been fixed.
17. What is a Test Summary Report?
A test summary report provides a summary of testing activities and
results, typically presented at the end of a testing cycle.
18. What is a bug severity?
Bug severity refers to the impact a defect has on the system, such
as Critical, Major, Minor, or Trivial.

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19. What is the difference between functional and non-
functional testing?
Functional Testing: Validates the system against functional
requirements.
Non-Functional Testing: Validates system performance,
usability, reliability, etc.
20. What is performance testing?
Performance testing assesses the speed, responsiveness, and
stability of a system under a workload.
21. What is load testing?
Load testing determines how the system behaves under expected
user loads.
22. What is stress testing?
Stress testing evaluates how the system behaves under extreme or
unexpected workloads, testing its limits.
23. What is acceptance testing?
Acceptance testing ensures that the system meets business
requirements and is ready for release, often performed by end
users.
24. What is smoke testing?
Smoke testing is a preliminary test to check the basic functionality
of the software build.
25. What is sanity testing?
Sanity testing verifies that specific functionalities are working after
minor changes in the code.

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26. What is black-box testing?
Black-box testing is a testing technique where the tester doesn't
need to know the internal code structure, focusing only on inputs
and outputs
27. What is white-box testing?
White-box testing involves testing internal structures or workings
of an application, requiring knowledge of the code
28. What is grey-box testing?
Grey-box testing is a combination of both black-box and white-box
testing, where testers have partial knowledge of the internal
structure.
29. What is a test data?
Test data is data that is used to test the functionality of the
software, including positive and negative inputs.
30. What is test execution?
Test execution is the process of running the tests and comparing
the expected results with actual results
31. What is the role of a QA in software development?
QA ensures the software meets quality standards through planning,
monitoring, and managing the testing process.
32. What is static testing?
Static testing involves reviewing and inspecting the code,
requirements, or design without executing the program
33. What is dynamic testing?
Dynamic testing involves executing the software and verifying the
output against expected results.

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34. What is exploratory testing?
Exploratory testing is an informal, ad-hoc testing method where
testers actively explore the application while testing, without
predefined test cases.
35. What is a test script?
A test script is a set of instructions to be followed during the testing
process, detailing the steps, inputs, and expected outcomes.
36. What is alpha testing?
Alpha testing is done internally by the development team before
releasing the software to external users.
37. What is beta testing?
Beta testing is performed by a select group of external users in a
real-world environment before the final release.
38. What is a test strategy?
A test strategy is a high-level document that outlines the testing
approach, including objectives, resources, scope, and methods.
39. What is defect priority?
Defect priority defines the order in which a defect should be fixed,
often based on business needs or impact.
40. What is test-driven development (TDD)?
TDD is a software development approach where test cases are
written before writing the code, ensuring code meets test
requirements.
41. What is defect tracking?
Defect tracking involves recording, managing, and monitoring
defects in a system to ensure they are resolved.

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42. What is a test closure activity?
Test closure activities include finalizing test reports, documenting
lessons learned, and archiving test artifacts once testing is
complete.
43. What are entry and exit criteria?
Entry Criteria: Conditions that must be met before testing
begins.
Exit Criteria: Conditions that must be met before testing can be
concluded.
44. What is risk-based testing?
Risk-based testing focuses on testing the most critical areas of the
application that are prone to defects or have a high impact.
45. What is usability testing?
Usability testing evaluates how easy and user-friendly the software
is by observing real users interact with the system.
46. What is root cause analysis in testing?
Root cause analysis identifies the underlying cause of defects in
order to prevent recurrence.
47. What is defect triage?
Defect triage is the process of reviewing, prioritizing, and assigning
defects for resolution based on severity and impact.
48. What is test effort estimation?
Test effort estimation is the process of estimating the time and
resources required for testing activities.

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49. What are test metrics?
Test metrics are quantitative measures used to evaluate the
progress, quality, and effectiveness of the testing process.
50. What is the role of a Test Manager?
A Test Manager oversees the entire testing process, ensuring the
planning, execution, and closure of testing activities align with
project goals.

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