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1 Hydrology (Basic)

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47 views9 pages

1 Hydrology (Basic)

Uploaded by

shåhêd Tõnmõy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Hydrology

Hydro Ology

Water Study
Hydrology

Movement Distribution Circulation Storage Management Development


Hydrology

Surface water hydrology Ground water hydrology


Historical Development of Hydrology

In Egypt, the Nile floods formed basis for a large scale successful agricultural system. Irrigation's history can
be traced back as up to 5000 years, the proof of which is the remains of the world's oldest dam built between
2950 and 2750 B.C found near Cairo.

In nearly 3000 B.C gauges were installed to measure flow of Nile.

Aristotle (384-322 B.C) explained mechanism of precipitation.

Then da Vinci (1452-1519) gave the better understanding of flow in open channels.
Historical Development of Hydrology

Palissy (1510-1590) stated that rainfall was the only source of water of spring and rivers.

Da Vinci and Palissy gave the concept of water cycle in the 15th century.

Modern science of hydrology began with studies of Perrault, Marriot and Hally in the 17th century.

Perrault presented the concept of rainfall measurement by knowing the drainage area, using water
balance technique.
Historical Development of Hydrology
Holly measured evaporation of Mediterranean Sea.

16th century brought numerous advances in hydraulic theory and instrumentation.


Piezometer, Pitot tube, Bernoulli's theory and Chezy formulae are some example

In 19th century significant advances were made in ground water hydrology and in measurement of surface water.
Application of Hydrology
❑ Determining the water balance of a region.

❑ Determining the agricultural water balance.

❑ Mitigating and predicting flood, landslide, and drought risk.

❑ Real-time flood forecasting and flood warming.

❑ Designing irrigation schemes and managing agricultural productivity.

❑ Providing drinking water.

❑ Designing dams for water supply or hydroelectric power generation.


Application of Hydrology
❑ Designing bridges.

❑ Designing sewers and urban drainage systems.

❑ Analyzing the impacts of antecedent moisture on sanitary sewer systems.

❑ Predicting geomorphologic changes, such as erosion or sedimentation.

❑ Assessing the impacts of natural and anthropogenic environmental change on water


resources.

❑ Assessing contaminant transport risk and establishing environmental policy guidelines.


Hydrological cycle

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