Long Answer Type Questions

1. Give an activity to understand the implications of Rutherford’s a scattering experiment by a gold

foil.

Answer: To understand the implications of Rutherford’s a-particle scattering experiment:

Activity: Let a child stand in front of a wall with his eyes closed. Let him throw stones at the wall
from a distance. He will hear sound for each strike of stone on the wall. This is like a nucleus of the
atom. But if a blind-folded child has to throw stones at a barbed-wire fence, most of the stones
would not hit the fencing and no sound would be heard.
This is because there are lots of gap in the fence which allows the stone to pass through them. This is
like empty space in an atom through which a-particles will pass through. Based on the above activity
and similar reasoning Rutherford concluded the a-particle scattering experiment as:
(1) Most of the space inside the atom is empty as a-particles passed through the foil.
(2) Very few particles deflected from their path, this show that positive charge occupies less space.
(3) A very small fraction of a-particles are deflected by 180°, this shows that all the positive charge
and mass of the gold atom were concentrated in a very small volume within the atom.

2: What are isotopes? State its characteristics, give uses of isotopes?

Answer: Atoms of same element with same atomic number but different mass number are isotopes.
Characteristics:
(1) Physical properties of the isotopes are different e.g. mass, density.
(2) Chemical properties of the isotopes are same due to same number of electrons.
Uses:
(1) Uranium isotope is used as a fuel in nuclear reactor (U-235).
(2) Cobalt isotope is used for treatment of cancer (Co-60).
(3) Iodine isotope is used in the treatment of goitre.

3: Explain Rutherford’s α-particle scattering experiment and give its observation and conclusion
drawn.

Answer: Rutherford’s α-particle scattering experiment:

Fast moving α-particles were made to fall on a thin gold foil. Particles have + 2 charge and 4u mass,
and considerable amount of energy.
Observations:
(1) Most of the α-particles passed straight through the foil.
(2) Some of the α-particles were deflected by small angles by the foil.
(3) One out of every 12000 particles rebounded.

Conclusion from observation:

(1) Most of the space inside the foil is empty.
(2) Positive charge of atom occupies very less space.
(3) Mass of the atom is concentrated in the centre with all positive charge concentrated in small
volume within the atom.

4: Establish the relationship between atomic number, mass number, isotopes, isobars and valency
of an atom.

Answer: Atomic number — Gives the number of protons (Z)

Mass number — Gives the number of protons and neutrons (A)
Isotopes — When atoms of same element have same number of protons (Z) but different number of
a neutrons (s) such atoms are called isotopes.
Isobars — When atom of different element have same mass number (A) but different atomic number
(Z) such atoms are called isobars.
Valency — It is the combining capacity of an atom.

Value Based Questions

1: Aryan could not solve the following question in the group; his group mate explained him and
solved his difficulty. The question was as follows:
What information do you get from the given figure about the atomic number, mass number and
valency of the given atom X’.
(a) What is the answer for-the above question?
(b) Name the element X’.
(c) What value of Aryan’s friend is reflected in this behaviour?
Answer: (a) The atomic number is 5.
The mass number is 11.
The valency is 3.
(b) The element X’ is boron.
(c) Aryan’s friend showed the value of helping and caring nature.

Question 1.
(i) State the method of determining the valency of an element if its atomic number is given.
(ii) Determine the valency of the following elements, the atomic numbers of which are given in
parenthesis:
Chlorine (17), Sulphur (16), Aluminium (13)
Answer:
(i) The number of electrons gained, lost or shared to make the octet of electrons (in the outermost
shell), gives us directly the combining capacity of the element, that is, the valency.

Question 2.
What is the gold foil experiment? Name the scientist who performed this experiment. Write the
conclusions and shortcomings of Rutherford’s model of atom.
Answer:
In 1911, Rutherford performed the gold foil experiment. He bombarded a stream of a-particles on a
gold foil, a thin sheet which was 0.00006 cm thick in an evacuated chamber. An a-particle is a
positively charged helium ion (He2+). A simplified picture of this experiment is shown in the figure.
In this famous experiment, the following observations were made.

 Most of the a-particles passed straight through the foil without any deflection. This
concluded that most of the space inside of an atom is empty.

 A few α-particles were deflected through small angle and few through larger angles. This
happened due to positive charge on a-particles and core (nucleus) of the atom. The heavy
positively charged ‘core’ was named as nucleus.

 The number of α-particles which bounced back was very small. This concluded that the
volume of the nucleus is very small in comparison to the total volume of the atom.

On the basis of gold foil experiment, Rutherford concluded that an atom consists of nucleus which
has positive charge and it is surrounded with electrons which are moving around the nucleus. The
number of electrons and protons are equal and the entire mass of the atom is concentrated at its
nucleus.
Drawbacks in the Rutherford’s model
  According to classical electro-magnetic theory, a moving charged particle, such as an
electron under the influence of attractive force loses energy continuously in the form of
radiations. As a result of this, electron should lose energy and therefore, should move in
even smaller orbits ultimately falling into the nucleus. But the collapse does not occur. There
is no explanation for this behaviour.

 Rutherford did not specify the number of orbits and the number of electrons in each orbit.

Question 3.
In what way is the Rutherford’s atomic model different from that of Thomson’s atomic model?
[NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
Rutherford proposed a model in which electrons revolve around the nucleus in well-defined orbits.
There is a positively charged centre in an atom called the nucleus. He also proposed that the size of
the nucleus is very small as compared to the size of the atom and nearly all the mass of an atom is
centred in the nucleus. Whereas, Thomson proposed the model of an atom to be similar to a
Christmas pudding. The electrons are studded like currants in a positively charged sphere like
Christmas pudding and the mass of the atom was supposed to be uniformly distributed.

Question 4.
What are the postulates of Bohr’s model of an atom? [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
The postulates put forth by Neils Bohr’s about the model of an atom:

 Only certain special orbits known as discrete orbits of electrons, are allowed inside the
atoms.

 While revolving in discrete orbits the electrons do not radiate energy. These orbits are called
energy levels. Energy levels in an atom are shown by circles.
These orbits are represented by the letters K, L, M, N, … or the numbers n = 1, 2, 3, 4, ………..

Question 5.
The ratio of the radii of hydrogen atom and its nucleus is ~105. Assuming the atom and the nucleus to
be spherical,
(i) what will be the ratio of their sizes?
(ii) If atom is represented by planet Earth ‘Re’ = 6.4 × 106 m. Estimate the size of the nucleus. [NCERT
Exemplar]
Answer:
(i) Volume of the sphere = 43 πr3
Let R be the radius of the atom and r be that of the nucleus.
Question 6.
Show diagrammatically the electron distribution in a sodium atom and a sodium ion and also give
their atomic number. [NCERT Exemplar] Answer:

Since the atomic number of sodium atom is 11, it has 11 electrons. A positively charged sodium ion
(Na+) is formed by the removal of one electron from a sodium atom. So, a sodium ion has 11 – 1= 10
electrons in it. Thus, electron distribution of sodium ion will be 2, 8. The atomic number of an
element is equal to the number of protons in its atom. Since, sodium atom and sodium ion contain
the same number of protons, therefore, the atomic number of both is 11.

Question 7.
The given figure depicts the atomic structure of an atom of an element ‘X’.
Write the following information about the element ‘X’.
(a) Atomic number of ‘X’
(b) Atomic mass of ‘X’
(c) Valence electrons
(d) Valency of ‘X’
(e) ‘X’ should be metal or non-metal.
Answer:
(a) Atomic number = Number of protons = 8
(ib) Atomic mass = Number of protons + Number of neutrons
= 8 + 10 = 18 u
(c) Valence electrons = 6
(d) Valency of ‘X’ = 8 – 6 = 2
(e) ‘X’ should be non-metal because there are six valence electrons hence it will take two more
electrons to complete its outermost shell.

Structure of the Atom Class 9 Extra Questions HOTS (Higher Order Thinking Skills)

Question 1.
One electron is present in the outermost shell of the atom of an element ‘Z’.
(a) What will be the nature of this element?
(b) What will be the value of charge of the ion formed, if this electron is removed from the
outermost shell?
Answer:
(a) Element ‘Z’ will be a metal because it has only one electron in the outermost shell, so it is
electropositive.
(b) After loss of one electron, ‘Z’ will acquire one positive charge.
Z → Z + + 1 e–

Question 2.
Composition of the nuclei of two atomic species ‘X’ and ‘Y’ are given below:

Give the mass number of ‘X’ and ‘Y’. What is the relationship between the two species?
Answer:
(i) Atomic mass of element ‘X’ = Number of protons + Number of neutrons
= 8 + 8 = 16 u
(ii) Atomic mass of element ‘Y’ = Number of neutrons + Number of protons
= 10 + 8 = 18 u
Relationship between X and Y: The atomic number of both the elements is same but their atomic
masses are different. Hence,they are isotopes of each other.

Question 3.
An atom ‘M’ of an element reacts with oxygen to form M2O3. Calculate the valency of the element
‘M’.
Answer:

∴ Number of oxygen atoms combining with one atom of element ‘M’ = 32

Two atoms of element ‘M’ combine with 3 atoms of oxygen.

Therefore, the valency of element ‘M’ = 32 × 2 = 3

Question 4.
Complete the following gaps in the given table:

Answer:
We know that the number of protons = Atomic number
Number of protons = Number of electrons
Mass number = Number of protons + number of neutrons
Using these relationships, we can fill up these gaps as follows:

Question 5.
Explain why chlorine, whether as the element or its compounds, always has relative atomic mass of
about 35.5.
Answer:
The relative atomic mass is the average mass of one of the atoms and has to take into account the
relative abundances of the various isotopes.
Natural chlorine always contains about 34×3517Cl and 14×3717Cl.
Therefore, relative atomic mass of chlorine = 34×35+14×37
= 35.5 u

Question 6.
An element ‘X’ has mass number 4 and atomic number 2. Write the valency of this element. Will it
react with other atoms of different elements? [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
We know that only valence electrons take part in bond formation with different atoms. In the atom
of ‘X’ element there are only two electrons since atomic number is 2. Thus, K shell is fully filled for
this atom. Hence, its valency is zero. It will not react with other atoms of different elements.
Question 7.
How many electrons will weigh 1 g?
Answer:

∴ Mass of 9.11 × 10-31 kg = 1 electron

Mass of an electron = 9.11 × 10-31 kg

Now, mass of 1g, i.e., 10-31 kg will have 19.11×10−31 × 10-3 electrons
= 1.098 × 1027 electrons.

1) ASSERTION-No. of electrons always equal to the proton no. of atom.

REASON-atom is always made-up of proton and electron.

a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.

d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

ANS-Assertion is true but Reason is false.

2) ASSERTION-No. of electrons always equal to the proton no. of atom.

REASON-Atoms are always made up of proton, electron, and neutron.

a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.

d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

ANS-Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

3) ASSERION-No. of electrons always equal to the proton no. of atom.

REASON-Same no. of proton and electron present in atom makes it stable.

a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.

d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

ANS-Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

4) ASSERION-Electrons can easily remove off but not proton.

REASON-Electrons are more delicate than proton.

a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.
b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.

d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

ANS-Assertion is true but Reason is false.

5) ASSERION-Electrons can easily remove off but not proton.

REASON-Protons are stronger than neutron.

a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.

d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

ANS-Assertion is true but Reason is false.

6) ASSERION-Electrons can easily remove off but not proton.

REASON-Electrons are engulfed inside the nucleus.

a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.

d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

7) ASSERION-Electrons can easily remove off but not proton.

REASON-Electrons revolved around the nucleus and proton is tightly held in nucleus due to nucleic
force.

a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.

d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

ANS-Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

8) ASSERION-Electrons can easily remove off but not proton.

REASON-Protons revolved around the nucleus and electron is tightly held in nucleus due to nucleic
force.

a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.
c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.

d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

ANS-Assertion is true but Reason is false.

9) ASSERION-Atomic mass is always concentrated inside the nucleus.

REASON-electrons are always revolved around nucleus.

a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.

d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

ANS-Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

10) ASSERION-Atomic mass is always concentrated inside the nucleus.

REASON-protons are always embedded inside the nucleus.

a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.

d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

ANS-Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

11) ASSERION-Atomic mass is always concentrated inside the nucleus.

REASON-protons are always embedded inside the core of atoms.

a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.

d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

ANS-Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

12) ASSERTION-The sum of proton no. and neutron no. gives us atomic mass number of atom.

REASON-Proton no. and neutron no. is always same.

a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.

d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

ANS-Assertion is true but Reason is false

13) ASSERTION-Thomson’s says that atoms consist of positively charged sphere and the electrons
are embedded in it.

REASON-Positively charged ions always spread inside the core of atoms

a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.

d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

ANS-Assertion is true but Reason is false

14) ASSERTION-Thomson’s says that atoms consist of positively charged sphere and the electrons
are embedded in it.

REASON-Negatively charged ions always spread inside the core of atoms.

a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.

d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

ANS-Assertion is true but Reason is false

15) ASSERTION-According to Rutherford’s experiment alpha particles are not deflected more than
proton.

REASON-Alpha particles are more fragile in nature.

a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.

d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

ANS-Assertion is true but Reason is false

16) ASSERTION-According to Rutherford’s experiment alpha particles are not deflected more than
proton.

REASON-Proton particles are more fragile in nature.

a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.

d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

ANS-Assertion is true but Reason is false

17) ASSERTION-According to Rutherford’s experiment alpha particles are not deflected more than
proton.

REASON-Proton particles are heavier than alpha particles.

a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.

d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

ANS-Assertion is true but Reason is false

18) ASSERTION-According to Rutherford’s experiment alpha particles are not deflected more than
proton.

REASON-alpha particles are heavier than proton particles hence they deflect less.

a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.

d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

ANS-Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

19) ASSERTION-According to Rutherford’s experiment alpha particles are not deflected more than
proton.

REASON-alpha particles are heavier than neutron particles hence they deflect less.

a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.

d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

ANS-Assertion is true but Reason is false.

20) ASSERTION-According to Rutherford’s experiment alpha particles are not deflected more than
proton.

REASON-Neutrons are heavier than proton particles hence they deflect less.

a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.

d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

ANS-Assertion is true but Reason is false.

21) ASSERTION-According to Rutherford’s most of the space inside the atom is empty.

REASON-Rutherford’s seen the empty space present inside the foil.

a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.

d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

ANS-Assertion is true but Reason is false.

22) ASSERTION-According to Rutherford’s most of the space inside the atom is empty.

REASON-Rutherford’s seen the empty space present inside the watermelon.

a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.

d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

ANS-Assertion is true but Reason is false.

23) ASSERTION-According to Rutherford’s most of the space inside the atom is empty.

REASON-Alpha particles do not observeinside the foil.

a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.

d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

ANS-Assertion is true but Reason is false.

24) ASSERTION-According to Rutherford’s most of the space inside the atom is empty.

REASON-Alpha particles are observedwhile doing experiment.

a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.

d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

ANS-Assertion is true but Reason is false.

25) ASSERTION-According to Rutherford’s most of the space inside the atom is empty.

REASON-Alpha particles passed through the gold foil without getting deflected.
a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.

d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

ANS-Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

26) ASSERTION-According to Rutherford’s most of the space inside the atom is empty.

REASON-Alpha particles passed through the gold foil with showing more deflection.

a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.

d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

ANS-Assertion is true but Reason is false.

27) ASSERTION-According to Rutherford’s very few particles were deflected from their path.

REASON-Most of the positive charge of the atoms occupies very little space.

a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.

d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

ANS-Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

28) ASSERTION-According to Rutherford’s very few particles were deflected from their path.

REASON-Alpha particles passed through the gold foil without getting deflected.

a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.

d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

ANS-Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

29) ASSERTION-The size of the nucleus is very small as compared to the size of the atom.

REASON-Nucleus is embedded inside the proton.

a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.

d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

ANS-Assertion is true but Reason is false.

30) ASSERTION-The size of the nucleus is very small as compared to the size of the atom.

REASON-Proton and neutron present inside the nucleus.

a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.

d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

ANS-Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

31) ASSERTION-The size of the nucleus is very small as compared to the size of the atom.

REASON-The sum of proton and neutron gives us atomic mass number.

a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.

d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

ANS- Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

32) ASSERTION-The size of the nucleus is very small as compared to the size of the proton.

REASON-The sum of proton and neutron gives us proton mass number.

a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.

d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

ANS-Both Assertion and Reason are false.

33) ASSERTION-The size of the nucleus is very small as compared to the size of the atom.

REASON-Nucleus contain proton and neutron which always present inside the atom hence its size
is smaller than atom.

a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.

d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

ANS-Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.
34) ASSERTION-Electrons revolve around the nucleus with different orbits.

REASON-Electrons do not want to travel with same path.

a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.

d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

ANS-Assertion is true but Reason is false.

35) ASSERTION-Electrons revolve around the nucleus with different orbits.

REASON-Electrons always travelled with proton hence they revolved with a different track.

a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.

d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

ANS-Assertion is true but Reason is false.

36) ASSERTION-Electrons revolve around the nucleus with different orbits.

REASON-K, L, M, N is the name of orbits which present outside the nucleus.

a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.

d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

ANS-Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

37) ASSERTION-Electrons revolve around the nucleus with different orbits.

REASON-K, L, M, N is the name of electrons which present outside the nucleus.

a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.

d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

ANS-Assertion is true but Reason is false.

38) ASSERTION-Electrons revolve around the nucleus with different orbits.

REASON-electrons have different- different energy hence they revolve separately.

a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.
b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.

d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

ANS-Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

39) ASSERTION- K-shell contain two electrons.

REASON-Every shells has its own capacity to hold electrons hence K shell follows 2N2 rule.

a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.

d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

ANS-Assertion is true but Reason is false.

40) ASSERTION- K-shell contain two electrons.

REASON-Every shell has its own capacity to hold electrons hence K shell follows 2n2rule.

a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.

d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

ANS-Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

41) ASSERTION- K-shell contain two electrons.

REASON-Every shell has its own capacity to hold electrons hence K shell follows n2rule.

a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.

d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

ANS-Assertion is true but Reason is false.

42) ASSERTION- L-shell contain two electrons.

REASON-Every shell has its own capacity to hold electrons hence K shell follows n2rule.

a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.

d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

ANS-Both Assertion and Reason are false.

43) ASSERTION- L-shell contain eight electrons.

REASON-L shell comes after the K shell.

a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.

d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

ANS-Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

44) ASSERTION- L-shell contain eight electrons.

REASON-L shell comes after the M shell.

a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.

d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

ANS-Assertion is true but Reason is false.

45) ASSERTION- L-shell contain eight electrons.

REASON-Every shell has its own capacity to hold electrons hence L shell follows 2n2rule.

a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.

d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

ANS-Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

46) ASSERTION-Helium atom has two electrons in its outermost shell.

REASON-Helium is the second element present in the periodic table.

a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.

d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

ANS- Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is not the correct explanation for assertion.

47) ASSERTION-Helium atom has two electrons in its outermost shell.

REASON-Helium is the first element present in the periodic table.

a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.

d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

ANS-Assertion is true but Reason is false.

48) ASSERTION-Fluorine have one valency.

REASON-Seven electrons revolved around the fluorine atom.

a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.

d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

ANS-Assertion is true but Reason is false.

49) ASSERTION-Atomic mass of carbon is 12.

REASON- Carbon has 6 proton number.

a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.

d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

ANS-Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

50) ASSERTION-Atomic mass of carbon is 12.

REASON- Carbon has 6 neutron number.

a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.

d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

ANS- Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

51) ASSERTION-Atomic mass of carbon is 12.

REASON- Carbon has 6 neutron number and 6 proton number.

a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.
c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.

d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

ANS-Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.