Exam

Name___________________________________

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

The augmented matrix is given for a system of equations. If the system is consistent, find the general solution.
Otherwise state that there is no solution.
1 2 -3 6
1) 0 1 4 -7 1)
0 0 0 0

A) x1 = 20 + 11x 3 B) x1 = 6 - 2x 2 + 3x 3
x2 = -7 - 4x 3 x2 is free
x3 = 0 x3 is free
C) x1 = 20 + 11x 3 D) x 1 = 6 -2x 2 + 3x 3
x2 = -7 - 4x 3 x2 = -7 - 4x 3
x3 is free x3 is free

Find the indicated vector.

2) Let u = 2 , v = 7 . Find -5u + 2v. 2)
1 -5
A) B) C) D)
-45 -24 4 -15
-8 5 -15 4

Solve the problem.

1 -3 2 -3
3) Let a 1 =2 , a 2 = -4 , a 3 = 1 , and b = 6 . 3)
-3 1 6 -1
Determine whether b can be written as a linear combination of a 1 , a2 , and a 3 . In other words,
determine whether weights x 1 , x 2 , and x 3 exist, such that x 1 a1 + x 2 a 2 + x 3 a3 = b. Determine the
weights x1 , x 2 , and x 3 if possible.
A) x1 = -2, x2 = -1, x3 = 6 B) No solution
C) x1 = 2, x 2 = 1, x 3 = - 1 D) x1 = -5, x2 = 0, x 3 = 1

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.

4) A company manufactures two products. For $1.00 worth of product A, the company 4)
spends $0.50 on materials, $0.20 on labor, and $0.10 on overhead. For $1.00 worth of
product B, the company spends $0.40 on materials, $0.20 on labor, and $0.10 on overhead.
Let

0.50 0.40
a = 0.20 and b = 0.20 .
0.10 0.10

Then a and b represent the "costs per dollar of income" for the two products.
Evaluate 500a + 100b and give an economic interpretation of the result.

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MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

b1
1 -3 2
5) Let A = -2 5 -1 and b = b2 . 5)
3 -3 -12 b3

Determine if the equation Ax = b is consistent for all possible b1, b2 , b3. If the equation is not
consistent for all possible b1 , b2 , b3 , give a description of the set of all b for which the equation is
consistent (i.e., a condition which must be satisfied by b1 , b2 , b3 ).
A) Equation is consistent for all b1 , b2, b3 satisfying 9b1 + 6b2 + b3 = 0.
B) Equation is consistent for all b1 , b2, b3 satisfying -3b1 + b3 = 0.
C) Equation is consistent for all b1 , b2, b3 satisfying -b1 + b2 + b3 = 0.
D) Equation is consistent for all possible b1 , b2 , b3 .

6) Describe all solutions of Ax = b, where 6)

2 -5 3 -5
A = -2 6 -5 and b = 2 .
-4 7 0 19

Describe the general solution in parametric vector form.

A) B)
x1 x1
-5 -1 -10 7/2
x 2 = -3 + x 3 2 x 2 = -3 + x 3 2
x3 0 1 x3 0 1
C) D)
x1 x1
-10 7/2 7/2 -10
x 2 = -3 + x 3 2 x2 = 2 + x 3 -3
x3 0 0 x3 1 0

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7) Suppose an economy consists of three sectors: Energy (E), Manufacturing (M), and Agriculture 7)
(A).
Sector E sells 70% of its output to M and 30% to A.
Sector M sells 30% of its output to E, 50% to A, and retains the rest.
Sector A sells 15% of its output to E, 30% to M, and retains the rest.

Denote the prices (dollar values) of the total annual outputs of the Energy, Manufacturing, and
Agriculture sectors by pe, pm , and pa , respectively. If possible, find equilibrium prices that make
each sector's income match its expenditures.
Find the general solution as a vector, with pa free.
A) B)
pe 0.607 pa pe 0.465 pa
pm = 0.481 pa pm = 0.593 pa
pa pa pa pa
C) D)
pe 0.356 pa pe 0.308 pa
pm = 0.686 pa pm = 0.716 pa
pa pa pa pa

8) For what values of h are the given vectors linearly dependent? 8)

-1 5 5 -20
4 , 2 , -3 , 12
6 -3 5 h
A) Vectors are linearly dependent for all h
B) Vectors are linearly dependent for h -20
C) Vectors are linearly dependent for h = -20
D) Vectors are linearly independent for all h

9) Let T: 2 -> 2 be a linear transformation that maps u = -3 into -15 and maps v = 6 into 9)
6 6 -6
24 .
-12
Use the fact that T is linear to find the image of 3u + v.
A) B) C) D)
9 27 -21 -3
-6 -18 6 12

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 1 -3 2 -5
10) Let A = -3 4 -1 and b = 2 . 10)
2 -5 3 -4
Define a transformation T: 3 -> 3 by T(x) = Ax.
If possible, find a vector x whose image under T is b. Otherwise, state that b is not in the range of
the transformation T.
A)
-10
-5
-5
B)
4
0
-4
C)
2
2
0
D)
b is not in the range of the transformation T.

1 0 0 1 0 0
11) The columns of I3 = 0 1 0 are e 1 = 0 , e 2 = 1 , e 3 = 0 . 11)
0 0 1 0 0 1

Suppose that T is a linear transformation from 3 into 2 such that

T( e1 ) = 3 , T( e ) = 2 , and T( e ) = -4 .
2 3
-2 0 1

x1
Find a formula for the image of an arbitrary x = x 2 in 3 .
x3
A) B)
x1 3x1 - 2x 2 x1
3x1 - 2x 2
T x 2 = 2x1 T x2 =
2x1
x3 4x2 + x 3 x3
C) D)
x1 x1 3x1 + 2x 2 - 4x 3
3x1 + 2x 2 - 4x 3
T x2 = T x 2 = 2x1
-2x 1 + x3
x3 x3 -2x 1 + x 3

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Determine whether the linear transformation T is one-to-one and whether it maps as specified.
12) Let T be the linear transformation whose standard matrix is 12)
1 -2 3
A = -1 3 -4 .
-5 5 -6
Determine whether the linear transformation T is one-to-one and whether it maps 3 onto 3 .
A) One-to-one; onto 3 B) Not one-to-one; not onto 3
C) One-to-one; not onto 3 D) Not one-to-one; onto 3