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cajowow750
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Key Data Wrangling Techniques for BI and Data Science

1. Introduction to Data Wrangling


Data wrangling, also known as data cleaning or data preprocessing, is the process of
transforming raw data into a format suitable for analysis. In both Business Intelligence
and Data Science, the accuracy of results highly depends on the quality of the data.
Poor-quality data can mislead dashboards, predictive models, or even entire strategic
initiatives.

2. Common Data Quality Issues

• Missing Values: Gaps in data can arise from incomplete data entry or system
errors.

• Inconsistent Formats: Different date formats, inconsistent naming


conventions, or varying units of measurement create confusion.

• Duplicate Records: Multiple entries for the same entity can skew analyses.

• Outliers: Extreme values might distort averages or regressions if not handled


properly.

3. Techniques to Resolve Data Issues

• Handling Missing Data: Options include removing records with missing values,
imputing using averages/medians, or leveraging machine learning methods to
estimate missing values.

• Standardizing Formats: Converting all data to a consistent format (e.g., YYYY-


MM-DD for dates) reduces errors.

• Removing Duplicates: Automated scripts or manual checks can identify and


remove duplicate entries.

• Outlier Treatment: Statistical tests or domain knowledge can guide whether to


keep, transform, or remove extreme values.

4. Tools and Automation


Many BI platforms, such as Power BI and Tableau Prep, offer built-in data wrangling
capabilities. Python libraries (pandas) and R packages (dplyr) are also highly effective
for cleaning and transforming data. By creating repeatable pipelines, teams can
automate the data cleaning process, ensuring consistency and reducing manual effort.

5. The Business Case for Clean Data


Clean, consistent data forms the foundation for trustworthy insights. When decision-
makers have confidence in dashboards and predictive models, they are more likely to
adopt and act on recommendations. Investing time and resources in data wrangling
often yields a substantial return on investment, as the cost of errors arising from
inaccurate data can be extremely high.

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