PROBLEM SET NO.

1 Problems 13

Problems
Axially Loaded Bars (Normal Stress)
1.1 A hollow steel tube with an inside diameter of 80 mm must carry an axial
tensile load of 330 kN. Determine the smallest allowable outside diameter of the tube
if the working stress is 110 MN/m 2 :
1.2 The cross-sectional area of bar ABCD is 600 mm 2 . Determine the maximum
normal stress in the bar.

FIG. P1.2

1.3 Determine the largest weight W that can be supported by the two wires AB
and AC: The working stresses are 100 MPa for AB and 150 MPa for AC. The cross-
sectional areas of AB and AC are 400 mm 2 and 200 mm 2 , respectively.

FIG. P1.3

1.4 Axial loads are applied to the compound rod that is composed of an aluminum
segment rigidly connected between steel and bronze segments. What is the stress in
each material given that P ¼ 10 kN?

Bronze Aluminum Steel

A = 400 mm2 A = 600 mm2 A = 300 mm2
2P 3P
4P P
3m 5m 4m

FIG. P1.4, P1.5

1.5 Axial loads are applied to the compound rod that is composed of an aluminum
segment rigidly connected between steel and bronze segments. Find the largest safe
value of P if the working stresses are 120 MPa for steel, 68 MPa for aluminum, and
110 MPa for bronze.
1.6 The wood pole is supported by two cables of 1=4-in. diameter. The turnbuckles
in the cables are tightened until the stress in the cables reaches 60 000 psi. If the
working compressive stress for wood is 200 psi, determine the smallest permissible
diameter of the pole. FIG. P1.6

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 14 CHAPTER 1 Stress

3 ft B

t
2f
A
C
6f
t t
4f
D
FIG. P1.7 FIG. P1.8
FIG. P1.9

1.7 The column consists of a wooden post and a concrete footing, separated by a
steel bearing plate. Find the maximum safe value of the axial load P if the working
stresses are 1000 psi for wood and 450 psi for concrete.
1.8 Find the maximum allowable value of P for the column. The cross-sectional
areas and working stresses (sw ) are shown in the figure.
1.9 The 1200-lb uniform plate ABCD can rotate freely about the hinge AB. The
plate is supported by the cables DE and CE. If the working stress in the cables is
18 000 psi, determine the smallest safe diameter of the cables.
1.10 The homogeneous bar AB weighing 1800 lb is supported at either end by a steel
cable. Calculate the smallest safe area of each cable if the working stress is 18 000 psi for
steel.
1.11 The homogeneous 6000-lb bar ABC is supported by a pin at C and a cable
that runs from A to B around the frictionless pulley at D. Find the stress in the cable
if its diameter is 0.6 in.
1.12 Determine the largest weight W that can be supported safely by the structure
shown in the figure. The working stresses are 16 000 psi for the steel cable AB and
720 psi for the wood strut BC. Neglect the weight of the structure.

2 ft
1.5 ft
5 ft

A B

FIG. P1.10 FIG. P1.11 FIG. P1.12

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 Problems 15

C
B

4 ft A

3 ft 3 ft

400 600
R Dimensions in mm
500 lb

FIG. P1.13 FIG. P1.14 FIG. P1.15

1.13 Determine the mass of the heaviest uniform cylinder that can be supported in
the position shown without exceeding a stress of 50 MPa in cable BC. Neglect fric-
tion and the weight of bar AB: The cross-sectional area of BC is 100 mm 2 .
1.14 The uniform 300-lb bar AB carries a 500-lb vertical force at A. The bar
is supported by a pin at B and the 0:5-in. diameter cable CD. Find the stress in the
cable.
1.15 The figure shows the landing gear of a light airplane. Determine the com-
pressive stress in strut AB caused by the landing reaction R ¼ 40 kN. Neglect the
weights of the members. The strut is a hollow tube, with 50-mm outer diameter and
40-mm inner diameter.
1.16 The 1000-kg uniform bar AB is suspended from two cables AC and BD; each
with cross-sectional area 400 mm 2 . Find the magnitude P and location x of the
largest additional vertical force that can be applied to the bar. The stresses in AC and
BD are limited to 100 MPa and 50 MPa, respectively.
1.17 The cross-sectional area of each member of the truss is 1.8 in. 2 . Calculate the
stresses in members CE, DE, and DF . Indicate tension or compression.

FIG. P1.16 FIG. P1.17

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 16 CHAPTER 1 Stress

B D 40 70
6m
4m 4m
A E
6m H 6m G 6m F 6m

140 kN 140 kN
FIG. P1.18 FIG. P1.19

1.18 Determine the smallest safe cross-sectional areas of members CD, GD, and
GF for the truss shown. The working stresses are 140 MPa in tension and 100 MPa in
compression. (The working stress in compression is smaller to reduce the danger of
buckling.)
1.19 Find the stresses in members BC, BD, and CF for the truss shown. Indicate
tension or compression. The cross-sectional area of each member is 1400 mm 2 :
1.20 Determine the smallest allowable cross-sectional areas of members CE, BE,
and EF for the truss shown. The working stresses are 20 ksi in tension and 14 ksi in
compression. (The working stress in compression is smaller to reduce the danger of
buckling.)

30 kips 30 kips

A 8 ft B 8 ft C 8 ft D

E
18 ft

FIG. P1.20

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 Problems 17

FIG. P1.21 FIG. P1.22

1.21 Determine the smallest allowable cross-sectional areas of members BD, BE,
and CE of the truss shown. The working stresses are 20 000 psi in tension and 12 000
psi in compression. (A reduced stress in compression is specified to reduce the danger
of buckling.)
1.22 The two pieces of wood, 2 in. by 4 in., are glued together along the 40 joint.
Determine the maximum safe axial load P that can be applied if the shear stress in
the glue is limited to 250 psi.
1.23 The rectangular piece of wood, 50 mm by 100 mm, is used as a compression
block. The grain of the wood makes a 20 angle with the horizontal, as shown in the
figure. Determine the largest axial force P that can be applied safely if the allowable
stresses on the plane of the grain are 18 MPa for compression and 4 MPa for shear.

FIG. P1.23 FIG. P1.24

1.24 The figure shows a glued joint, known as a finger joint, in a 6-in. by 3=4-in.
piece of lumber. Find the normal and shear stresses acting on the surface of the joint.
1.25 The piece of wood, 100 mm by 100 mm in cross section, contains a glued
joint inclined at the angle y to the vertical. The working stresses are 20 MPa for
wood in tension, 8 MPa for glue in tension, and 12 MPa for glue in shear. If y ¼ 50 ,
determine the largest allowable axial force P.

FIG. P1.25

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 Problems 21

Problems
Shear Stress and Bearing Stress

1.26 What force is required to punch a 20-mm-diameter hole in a plate that is 25

mm thick? The shear strength of the plate is 350 MN/m 2 .
1.27 A circular hole is to be punched in a plate that has a shear strength of 40
ksi—see Fig. 1.11(c). The working compressive stress for the punch is 50 ksi. (a)
Compute the maximum thickness of a plate in which a hole 2.5 in. in diameter can be
punched. (b) If the plate is 0.25 in. thick, determine the diameter of the smallest hole
that can be punched.
1.28 Find the smallest diameter bolt that can be used in the clevis in Fig. 1.11(b) if
P ¼ 400 kN. The working shear stress for the bolt is 300 MPa.
1.29 Referring to Fig. 1.11(a), assume that the diameter of the rivet that joins the
plates is d ¼ 20 mm. The working stresses are 120 MPa for bearing in the plate and
60 MPa for shear in the rivet. Determine the minimum safe thickness of each plate.
1.30 The lap joint is connected by three 20-mm-diameter rivets. Assuming that the
axial load P ¼ 50 kN is distributed equally among the three rivets, find (a) the shear
stress in a rivet; (b) the bearing stress between a plate and a rivet; and (c) the max-
imum average tensile stress in each plate.

FIG. P1.30, P1.31

1.31 Assume that the axial load P applied to the lap joint is distributed equally
among the three 20-mm-diameter rivets. What is the maximum load P that can be
applied if the allowable stresses are 40 MPa for shear in rivets, 90 MPa for bearing
between a plate and a rivet, and 120 MPa for tension in the plates?
1.32 A key prevents relative rotation between the shaft and the pulley. If the
torque T ¼ 2200 N  m is applied to the shaft, determine the smallest safe dimension
b if the working shear stress for the key is 60 MPa.

FIG. P1.32

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 22 CHAPTER 1 Stress

FIG. P1.33 FIG. P1.34 FIG. P1.35

1.33 The bracket is supported by 1=2-in.-diameter pins at A and B (the pin at B

fits in the 45 slot in the bracket). Neglecting friction, determine the shear stresses in
the pins, assuming single shear.
1.34 The 7=8-in.-diameter pins at A and C that support the structure are in single
shear. Find the largest force F that can be applied to the structure if the working
shear stress for these pins is 5000 psi. Neglect the weights of the members.
1.35 The uniform 2-Mg bar is supported by a smooth wall at A and by a pin at B
that is in double shear. Determine the diameter of the smallest pin that can be used if
its working shear stress is 60 MPa.
1.36 The bell crank, which is in equilibrium under the forces shown in the figure,
is supported by a 20-mm-diameter pin at D that is in double shear. Determine (a) the
required diameter of the connecting rod AB, given that its tensile working stress is
100 MPa; and (b) the shear stress in the pin.

50 mm

150 mm
50 mm
FIG. P1.36 FIG. P1.37

1.37 Compute the maximum force P that can be applied to the foot pedal. The
6-mm.-diameter pin at B is in single shear, and its working shear stress is 28 MPa.
The cable attached at C has a diameter of 3 mm. and a working normal stress of
140 MPa.

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 Problems 23

FIG. P1.38 FIG. P1.39

1.38 The right-angle bar is supported by a pin at B and a roller at C: What is the
maximum safe value of the load P that can be applied if the shear stress in the pin is
limited to 20 000 psi? The 3=4-in.-diameter pin is in double shear.
1.39 The bar AB is supported by a frictionless inclined surface at A and a 7=8-
in.-diameter pin at B that is in double shear. Determine the shear stress in the pin
when the vertical 2000-lb force is applied. Neglect the weight of the bar.
1.40 A joint is made by gluing two plywood gussets of thickness t to wood boards.
The tensile working stresses are 1200 psi for the plywood and 700 psi for the boards.
The working shear stress for the glue is 50 psi. Determine the dimensions b and t so
that the joint is as strong as the boards.

FIG. P1.40 FIG. P1.41

1.41 The steel end-cap is fitted into grooves cut in the timber post. The working
stresses for the post are 1:8 MPa in shear parallel to the grain and 5:5 MPa in bearing
perpendicular to the grain. Determine the smallest safe dimensions a and b.
1.42 The halves of the coupling are held together by four 5=8-in.-diameter bolts.
The working stresses are 12 ksi for shear in the bolts and 15 ksi for bearing in the
coupling. Find the largest torque T that can be safely transmitted by the coupling.
Assume that the forces in the bolts have equal magnitudes.

FIG. P1.42

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 24 CHAPTER 1 Stress

FIG. P1.43 FIG. P1.44

1.43 The plate welded to the end of the I-beam is fastened to the support with four
10-mm-diameter bolts (two on each side). Assuming that the load is equally divided
among the bolts, determine the normal and shear stresses in a bolt.
1.44 The 20-mm-diameter bolt fastens two wooden planks together. The nut is
tightened until the tensile stress in the bolt is 150 MPa. Find the smallest safe diameter
d of the washers if the working bearing stress for wood is 13 MPa.
1.45 The figure shows a roof truss and the detail of the connection at joint B.
Members BC and BE are angle sections with the thicknesses shown in the figure. The
working stresses are 70 MPa for shear in the rivets and 140 MPa for bearing stress
due to the rivets. How many 19-mm-diameter rivets are required to fasten the fol-
lowing members to the gusset plate: (a) BC; and (b) BE ?
1.46 Repeat Prob. 1.45 if the rivet diameter is 22 mm, with all other data remain-
ing unchanged.

FIG. P1.45, P1.46

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