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Factors Affecting Rates of Reaction

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17 views8 pages

Factors Affecting Rates of Reaction

Uploaded by

4j7djgj59b
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Chemistry Stéphanie Ledwith

FACTORS THAT AFFECT THE RATE OF REACTION

1. Nature of reactants
2. Particle size
3. Concentration of reactants
4. Temperature
5. Catalysts
1. Nature of reactants
Reactions between ionic substances will happen faster as they are held by the force of
attraction between + and – ions.
eg. Ag+ + Cl-  AgCl
Reactions between Covalent and Ionic compounds take longer as they require bonds to be
broken before a rxn can take place.

2. Particle size
The larger the surface area, the faster will be the rate of the reaction.
Reactions that occur at a surface can only react on the exposed surface by
increasing the surface area available for the reaction the rate increases; fine
powder has a very large surface area, large lumps do not. The block below has
been cut in two the surface area has increased greatly

Before

After

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Dust explosions
Combustible dust/ Enclosed space/ oxygen/source of ignition/dryness.

3.Concentration

The higher the concentration, the faster will be the reaction. If all other
conditions are kept constant in an experiment and the concentration varied,
then the concentration and the rate of reaction are directly proportional. In
terms of a graph it will appear as follows

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Mandatory practical

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See video

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Always use graph paper ! ( I know I haven’t)

4. Temperature
The higher the temperature, the faster will be the reaction. If all other
conditions are kept constant in an experiment and the temperature varied, the
rate of reaction and the temperature will produce a graph that does not pass
through the origin, it will appear as follows

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©S.Ledwith2020
The reason why this graph is not directly proportional is that as temperature
increases, the colliding particles in the reactions have a slight increase in
number of collisions but many more of the collisions are effective due to more
particles having reached the threshold level of activation energy.

A relatively small rise in temperature of 10 °C actually doubles the rate of


reaction.

Mandatory practical

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Examples of questions see video

5. Presence of catalyst
A catalyst is a substance that alters the rate of a chemical reaction but is
not used up (consumed) in the reaction. Catalysts can speed up or slow down
reactions and reduce the running costs of many industries by allowing certain
chemical reactions to occur at lower temperatures .

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