GETTING STARTED WITH COMPUTER

• Types Of Computer

• Peripheral Devices

Content • Types Of Computer Port And Their

Functions

• Computer Security And Maintenance

THE COMPUTER MOUSE
In order to use the mouse effectively, it is important to hold the mouse as seen in the picture. The rest
of your fingers should rest on the sides of the mouse to help you move it.

The button on the right is often used to show a menu of options. pressing down the right button is
called right clicking.

When you want to select a task on a computer, you move the mouse to where want then press down
on the button on the left on the mouse. This is called left clicking.
The pointer of a mouse appears on the computer screen based on the task you are doing.

Normal: The pointer will look like an arrow when the mouse is just moving around the screen, this
helps you to open a task.

Link: The pointer looks like a hand, when the pointer is on a link of a website.

Text: The pointer looks like a capital i, when it is on a text you can click on.

Busy: When the computer is thinking the hourglass appears to ask you to wait.

Resize and Move: The pointer appears as an arrow when you are resizing and moving arrows.
FUNCTION KEYS

NUMBER KEYS

MAIN AREA
DIRECTIONAL
KEYS
SPACE BAR
The keyboard is one of the main ways of communicating with the computer.

There are section of keys on the keyboard, the main portion of a keyboard include keys you will use often.

The Directional Key: This help you move round documents with arrows.

The Number Keys: They are located in two places on the keyboard, they are in the main section above the
letters and in the number pad on the right of the keyboard.

Function Keys: At the top of the keyboard you will find the function keys, which have more specific uses.
Space Bar: This help you to add a blank space.

Shift: This key is used in either capitalizing a letter or to access the symbols above the number keys and
punctuation keys. when you hold down the shift key, either the capital letter is typed or you are typing the icon
that appears on top.

Backspace: (on most keyboards this is delete)- you use this button to delete something you typed wrongly.

Enter: This is the key that helps you submit something or go to the next step. You press enter to go to the next
line in word processing document.
Caps Lock: When you press this button everything you type will be capitalized. to return to lowercase letter you
press the button again.

Tab key: This button is use if you want to indent a word processing document, you can also use to jump to the
field if you are filling a form.

Arrow keys: This are navigation keys which help you go up, down,left and right when you are working on your
computer.

Number Lock keys: Some keyboards have number pad on the side, if you turn on the number lock, the number
pad will display numbers, if you turn off the number lock the number pad will becomes a navigation pad like the
arrow keys.
THE COMPUTER PORT
The hardware parts that are used with a computer, such as the mouse, the keyboard, USB,etc,
connects to the computer through plugs that are called ports.

These ports are often found at the back of the computer box for desktop and on the sides for laptops.

Two of the most common ports you will see yourself using are the usb and the headphone jacks.

The USB ports are the most common for things like the mouse, the keyboard and the web camera.
 DIFFERENT TYPES OF A COMPUTER PORT

:
FUNCTIONS OF COMPUTER PORTS
A Computer port is a connection point with an interface which an external device such as printer, mouse, keyboard,
scanner, etc.

This allows communication and data to flow between the computer and the external device.

EXAMPLES:

USB: Universal Serial Bus(USB): This is used to connect all kinds of external devices, such as HARD DRIVE, SCANNER,
KEYBOARD, MOUSE, PRINTER, CAMERA, ETC.

FIREWIRE PORT: This is used to transfer large amount of data fast, usually, camcorders and other video equipment use
this port .

VIDEO GRAPHICS ARRAY( VGA): This is used to connect a projector to a computer .

DIGITAL VIDEO INTERFACE ( DVI): This is a high-speed digital interface between the computer’s display
controller and video output device like a monitor or projector, This video interface was developed to enable
the lossless transmission of digital video signals and to replace analogue VGA technology.

HIGH DEFINITION MULTIMEDIA (HDMI): This is a digital interface that connects High Definition and Ultra High
Definition devices. These are such as computer monitors, HDTVs, Blu-Ray players, gaming consoles, and
High Definition Cameras.

DISPLAY PORT: Display Port is a digital display interface with optional multiple channel audio and other
forms of data. It is developed to replace VGA and DVI ports as the main interface between a computer and
a monitor. Apart from video, it can also carry audio, USB, and other forms of data. It is backwards
compatible with other interfaces, such as HDMI and DVI.
ETHERNET OR NETWORK PORT: This is a type of computer port used to connect
the network cable to a computer. Cable plugged into this port can lead either
to a network hub, cable modem,

eSATAp PORT : eSATAp, which is also known as Power over eSATA, Power eSATA,
eSATA/USB Combo, eSATA USB Hybrid Port/EUHP) is a combination connection
for external storage devices. This is among the latest types of computer ports.
An eSATA or USB device can be plugged into an eSATAp port.
COMPUTER SECURITY AND MAINTENANCE
SECURITY: Computer security is the protection system that is installed in the computer
systems in order to protect the important data and information that is stored in the computer
from unauthorized access.

IMPORTANCE OF COMPUTER SECURITY:

1. To Protect Personal Information

2. To Protect Company Properties

3. To Protect From Unauthorized Access

4. To Prevent Malware and Viruses

5. To Prevent Data Theft

COMPUTER MAINTENANCE
Maintenance is keeping your computer in good state of repairs through regular cleanings,
hard drive updates, and Virus prevention. There are two main component of computer
maintenance;

PREVENTIVE AND CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE: Preventive maintenance involves taking

measures to help keep the system functioning, whereas corrective maintenance involves the
replacement or repair of a system or its components after they have already failed.

TIPS FOR COMPUTER MAINTENANCE:

1. Updating your operating system

2. Unplug to avoid overcharging

3. Purge your system of junk files and programs

4. Run regular Anti- virus scan

5. Clean the keyComputer board and case

6. Update your passwords

THANK YOU
INTRODUCTION TO ICT
 • Introduction to ICT
• Meaning of ICT
• Types of ICT
• Components of ICT
• Benefits of ICT
• Fundamental of Internet Usage
• Features of Internet
Content •
•
Internet Usage
Communication Using Digital
Platform
• Examples of Digital Communication
• Communicate Safely Online
• Search Engine and Online
Communication
• Good Practice for Internet Safety
MEANING OF ICT

Information and communication technology refers to a connected

system of interactive tools and technologies that are used to
create,store, process, send and receive information. ICT helps in two
amazing ways CREATIVITY AND PRODUCTIVE
CREATIVITY:
● Quality assurance, Learning tools, Standards, Participative,and
Building community.
PRODUCTIVITY
● Quality control, teaching machines, and delivery content.
TYPES OF ICT

1. Information System
2. Broadcasting
3. Data Networks
4. Satellite Communication
5. Telecommunication
COMPONENTS OF ICT
ICT has six main components
1. Hardware
2. Software
3. Network communication
4. Data
5. People
6. Process
• HARDWARE: This is the component of an information
system that can be seen and touched. E.g keyboards,
mouse, computer chip and motherboard.
• SOFTWARE: Software is a set of instruction that tells the
hardware what to do, it can not be touched.
• DATA: This is the collection of non-disputable raw facts.
• NETWORK COMMUNICATION: This refers to a set of
protocols that allows application programs to
communicate with each other without regard to the
hardware and operating systems where they are run.
• PEOPLE: This means that there are many different
categories in the development and management of
information systems to help organizations to create
value and improve productivity, such as: USER,
TECHNICAL DEVELOPERS, BUSINESS PROFESSIONALS, AND IT
SUPPORT.
• PROCESS: This is the steps used by a running program
with which data is create, transmit, store or shared.
BENEFITS OF ICT
1. Communication
2. Job Creation
3. Easy understanding of complex structure
4. ICT Promote Strategic Idea
5. Greater availability
6. Cost effectiveness
7. ICT cuts across cultural barriers
8. Globalization
FUNDAMENTAL OF INTERNET USAGE
The Internet is a global network of billions of computers
and other electronic devices, that makes it possible to
access any information, communicate with people and
do much more.
FEATURES OF INTERNET
• It is collaborative; anyone one the internet can share
and receive information.
• It can be access on any device.
• Accessibility.
• Low cost.
• Flexibility of communication.
• Easy to use.
INTERNET USAGE
There's almost no limit to what you can do online. The
Internet makes it possible to quickly find information,
communicate with people around the world, manage your
finances, shop from home, listen to music, watch videos,
and much, much more.
Some of the ways the Internet is most commonly used
1. Finding information online
2. Sending and receiving an Email
3. Social networking
4. Chat and instant messaging
5. Online media
Communication using
Digital platforms and
tools
A communication platform is a
software solution that facilitates
external and internal messaging. It
utilizes many channels, including
phone, video conferencing, task
management, and team
messaging.
EXAMPLES OF DIGITAL PLATFORM
1. Email
2. Facebook
3. Slack
4. Whatsapp
5. Dropbox
6. Microsoft Team
7. Zoom
8. Google Meet
9. Streamyard
 COMMUNICATE SAFELY ONLINE:

You don't always know for sure who you're talking to when you're
on the internet, and every day online predators pretend to be
people they aren't. Here are some tips you can use to keep
yourself safe when communicating online
• Listen to your instincts: If someone makes you feel nervous or
uncomfortable by asking probing questions or trying to get
information out of you, stop communicating with them right
away.
• Limit what you share: Online predators often try to get you to share
personal information through emails or other messaging services.
Just like you wouldn't share personal information with a stranger on
the street, don't share information with strangers online, either.

• Keep your distance: Think twice about meeting someone in person

that you have only talked to online. Online predators often use social
media to pretend to be someone else by setting up fake
profiles.
Search Engines and Online Communication

Search engines are internet

features that allow users to
search the internet for content
using keywords. Search
engines make this information
easier to find.
Examples of Search Engines
GOOD PRACTICES FOR INTERNET SAFETY
● Keep personal information professional and limited.
● Keep your privacy settings on.
● Practice safe browsing.
● Make sure your internet connection is secure.
● Be careful what you download.
● Choose alphanumeric passwords
● Make online purchases from secure sites.
● Be careful what you post.
● Be careful who you meet online keep your antivirus program
up to date.
THANK YOU
 USING A PC
(WINDOWS 10)
 CONTENT

• What is Windows?

• Windows 10

Content • Working from desktop

• Files and folders

• Saving and closing files

• Deleting files
 WHAT IS WINDOWS

Windows are a group of proprietary graphical operating system

that handles the function of a computer, to make sure everything
is working together.
When you turn on your computer, the operating system begins
running behind the scenes, managing the different programs and
processes.
Most personal computers(pcs) come with a version of windows
operating system.
 WINDOWS ELEMENTS
1. File Menu Bar
2. Tile Bar
3. Minimize
4. Close
5. Toolbar
6. Vertical Scroll Bar
7. Resize Corner
8. Horizontal Scroll Bar
9. Status Bar
 WINDOWS 10

• Windows 10 is the latest version of operating system developed by microsoft.

• It is the successor of windows 8.1
• It was release on july 29 2015,
It has good features such as;
• Microsoft edge web browser,
• A virtual desktop system,
• A window and desktop management feature called the task view.
• It has support for fingerprint and face recognition login.
 HOW TO RESIZE A WINDOW

Basic resize in windows:

● Minimize: Click the dash-like button on the top right corner of
your computer it collapses the to the taskbar.
● Maximize: Click the which look like a box or two boxes on the
top right corner of the computer.
HOW TO RESIZE A WINDOW USING THE WINDOW KEY AND
KEYBOARD
If you are using windows 7,8,10 or 11 use the Windows key and the left arrow
key this resizes and arrange the window to fit the left half of the screen and
the Window key and right arrow key resizes the window to fit the right half of
the screen.
KEYBOARD SHORTCUTS:
● Press ALT+SPACEBAR To open the windows menu
● If the window is maximized, arrow down to RESTORE and ENTER
● Press ALT+SPACEBAR again to open window menu, arrow down to SIZE
and ENTER
 WORKING FROM DESKTOP

The window is similar to the top of a

desk in your offices or home.
Where you keep papers in folders,and
other items that you need to get things
done, such as:
A calculator for maths and a pen for
writing.
Just as you have folders on your
wooden desk you also have tools and
folders on your computer desktop.
Here are some of the elements on
the computer desktop

The taskbar displays frequently used

applications, such as microsoft edge,
file explorer etc. The taskbar displays
currently open apps.

Desktop shortcuts: this are icons that

reside on the desktop and provide a
shortcut to opening a software
program or files. functioning much
like tiles on the start menu.
Just like other applications, there are number of ways you can open a file.
We can open files from the desktop, folders or other shortcuts on the computer.
You double click this file icon on the desktop to open it anytime you open a file it
will open inside a related software application.
A folder provides a method of holding and organizing files.double clicking a folder
will show you files inside that folder.
 FILES AND FOLDERS

A computer file stores information that an application can

access, the information could include text like:
Letters
Pictures,
Videos
Music.
SAVING AND CLOSING FILES

When working on a file, and you want to return to it later after

closing it, you will have to save your work.
To save a file, click on the file tab from the menu at the top of
the window. Typically you will see “save” and a “save as”
option.
If you have save the file before and would like to keep the
same name and location of the file and click the save option.
If it’s the first time of saving the file select save as a “save as”
window will open. this allow you to select where to the save file
be located on your computer.
 DELETING FILES
Knowing how to delete files and folders that you no longer need
will help you keep your windows from becoming too cluttered.
Locate the file or folder you want delete.
Right-click the file or folder you want to delete and choose delete.
Click yes to delete the file.
THANK YOU
INTRODUCTION TO EMAIL
 • What is email
• Difference between traditional mail
and an email
• Advantages of an email
• Features of an email
• Composing an email
• Working with attachment

Content • Organizing your email

• Email productive tools
• Setting signature to your email
• Vacation response
• Contacts and calendar
• Email etiquette and safety
• Time saving email tips
• Some companies email policies
 WHAT IS AN EMAIL

Email is a short for Electronic mail. An email is a way of

sending and receiving messages across the internet instead
of being sent through post.

You can attach photos, and documents.

 DIFFERENCE BETWEEN TRADITIONAL MAIL AND AN EMAIL
ADDRESS:
Traditional mail is sent by addressing the mail with recipient name, street
address, city, state and zip code.
Email an email is address by using the recipient username and the email provider
domain name. E.g digigirls@gmail.com
DELIVERY:
Traditional mail is delivered in a sealed envelope through a post office to a
home by a mail carrier.
Email an email is delivered electronically across internet, it is received in the
recipient inbox through an email service provider.
TIME:
Traditional mail can take days, weeks, months before being received.
Email is delivered instantly or within a few minutes.
 ADVANTAGES OF EMAIL

1. Productivity tools: Email is usually packaged with a calendar,

address book, and more for convenience and productivity.
2. Accessible anywhere at any time: You don’t have to be at home
to get your mail. You can access it from any computer or mobile
device that has an Internet connection.
3. Easy mail management: Email service providers have tools that
allow you to file, label, prioritize, find, group, and filter your emails
for easy management.
4. Privacy: Your email is delivered to your own personal and private
account with a password required to access and view emails.
 SETTING UP AN EMAIL

Now is time to set up your own personal email.

So we will be using a free email service provider call Gmail(Google mail)

As an added advantage also gives you a Google login which can be use to
access other Google sites and services.

The first to do to get your Gmail account set is to register.

Go to www.gmail.com
You have to fill some fields one-by-one

● Your first Name

● Your Last Name
● A username(username@gmail.com)
● Password(A password help keep your account safe)
● Your birthday
● Your gender
● Your location
 FEATURES OF AN EMAIL
● Automatic reply messages
● Automatic forward and redirection of messages
● Facilities to send copies of messages to many people
● Addresses can be stored in an address book and can be
retrieve instantly
● Notification if a message is delivered or not
● Email are automatically date and time stamped
● Signature can be attached
● Files, Graphics, and sound can be attached
 COMPOSING AN EMAIL MESSAGE

First you will need a recipient’s address.

In your Gmail account,click on COMPOSE button on the left. To send the

email you will see

TO: This is where you put the recipient’s address.

SUBJECT: This is to give a quick overview of the message.

CC: This is when you are sending the same message to multiple people.

BCC: This is when you are sending the message to multiple people but
don’t want them to know the each recipients.

BODY: This is where you type the main content of your messages
GO BEYOND EMAIL
 WORKING WITH ATTACHMENT

Email attachment is a computer files (documents, images etc) sent along

with an email message. More than one files can be attached to an email
messages

● Email Attachment Etiquette: Always compress large attachments

before sending them.
● Never send a large attachment without notice.
● Resize graphics to about 600 pixels.
● Never open an attachment from an unknown sender.
 ORGANIZING YOUR EMAIL

How to use LABEL to organize emails.

To add LABELS to Gmail message:

● Log in to your Gmail account

● Select the check boxes in the message list to select
several emails.
● Go to the toolbar and select the LABELS icon
● In the LABEL AS dialog box select the LABEL you want to
apply.
● Choose CREATE NEW to apply a NEW LABEL
 EMAIL PRODUCTIVE TOOL

Email productivity tools help make it easier for you to work remotely or on
the go and stay connected with your team, projects and customers.
Email productivity apps can help you manage manage the versions,
feedback and sign-offs of important documents while organizing file
systems that make it easy to find what you need.
TOOLS:
● Boomerang for Gmail
● Microsoft MyAnalytics
● Right inbox
● Active inbox
 SETTING SIGNATURE TO YOUR EMAIL
ON COMPUTER:
● Open your Gmail
● At the top right, click setting > click all setting
● In the "Signature" section, add your signature text in the box. If you
want, you can format your message by adding an image or
changing the text style.
Tip: Your image also counts toward the character limit. If you get an
error, try to resize the image.
● At the bottom of the page, click save changes1
 VACATION RESPONSE
If you'll be away from your Gmail account, like on a vacation or without access
to the Internet, you can set up a vacation responder to automatically notify
people that you won't be able to get back to them right away.
SET UP YOUR VACATION REPLY
● Open you Gmail
● In the top right click setting > click see all setting
● Scroll down to “ Vacation responder” section
● Select Vacation responder On
● Fill in the Date range, Subject and message
● Under your message, check the box if you only want your contacts to see
your vacation reply.
● At the bottom of the page click SAVE CHANGES

NOTE: If you have a Gmail Signature, it will be shown at the bottom of your
VACATION RESPONSE
 CONTACTS AND CALENDAR

Most email providers offer an online calendar and address book that makes it
easy to stay organize and access your important information from anywhere.
 CONTACT BASICS
Online contacts lists help you organize contact information for your friends, family,
and coworkers, just like an address book. Once people are added to your contacts
list, it's easy to access their information anytime and anywhere.

ADDING CONTACT: When you create a new contact, you should enter a first and
last name, as well as an email address. In most email accounts, the name and
email of anyone you correspond regularly with will be added to your contacts list
automatically.

SELECTING CONTACTS: Once you've added people to your contacts list,

remembering an email address is easy. Whenever you create a new email, you
can select the To or Add Recipients button.Then choose recipients from your
contacts list. The contacts' email addresses will be added automatically to the
message.
LINKING CONTACTS: If you already have a lot of contacts saved in another web-
based service, such as Facebook or LinkedIn, it's easy to link them between
accounts, which can save you a lot of time. For example, you could import your
Facebook contacts to your webmail service or use your existing contacts list to
search for friends on Facebook.

CONTACT GROUPS: If you frequently connect with the same group of people, you
can create contact groups for quick access. This allows you to quickly sort your
contacts by type. For example, you might use one group to organize your
personal contacts and another for professional contacts.
 CALENDAR BASICS
Online calendars make it easy to schedule appointments, organize tasks,
and manage your time, just like a desk calendar. But unlike a physical
calendar, online calendars give you the freedom to quickly edit and
rearrange your schedule whenever you want. You'll even be able to
access your calendar on the go and sync it across multiple devices, like
your mobile phone and personal computer.

CREATING APPOINTMENTS: It's easy to schedule, track, and edit

upcoming appointments or events. When you create a new
appointment, you should include a title, start and end time, and location,
but you can also include other information, such as reminder
preferences, detailed notes, and more.
SWITCHING VIEWS: It's easy to schedule, track, and edit upcoming
appointments or events. When you create a new appointment, you
should (at the very least) include a title, start and end time, and
location, but you can also include other information, such as reminder
preferences, detailed notes, and more.
USING MULTIPLE CALENDAR: If you keep a lot of different appointments, you can
create multiple calendars to help organize your schedules. For example, you
might use one calendar to keep track of your personal tasks and company task.
Each calendar is assigned its own color, so it's easy to organize lots of different
appointments.

SHARING CALENDAR: You can share your calendar with anyone who uses the
same webmail provider. Once you've shared a calendar, you'll be able to view
and even edit a friend's calendar, depending on your sharing preferences.
 EMAIL ETIQUETTE AND SAFETY
Like any form of online communication, it's important to practice good
etiquette and safety when using email. Etiquette is a set of rules and
guidelines that people use to communicate more effectively. You should also
know how to protect yourself from certain risks, like malware and phishing.

Tips for email success

Here are some basic rules you can follow to write better emails, no matter
who you're emailing.
EMAIL ATTACHMENT ETIQUETTE
Attachments are an easy way to share files, photos, and more, but many
people aren't aware of some of the most common attachment mistakes.
1. MENTION INCLUDED ATTACHMENT: Never attach a file without mentioning it
in the body of your email. Something as simple as "I've attached a few
photos to this email" will help your recipients know what to expect.

1. CONSIDER FILE SIZE AND FORMAT: Avoid sending excessively large

attachments or uncompressed photos, which can take a long time for your
recipients to download.use universal file types like .PDF, .RTF, and .JPG.
3. ONLY INCLUDE RELATED FILES: If you need to send a lot of different files to the
same person, consider sending the attachments through multiple emails. If you
include several unrelated files in the same email, it can be difficult for your
recipients to find the exact file they need.

4. SEPARATE YOUR PERSONAL AND WORK EMAIL: You should never use your work
email account for personal communication. It's best to get your own personal
account from a webmail service like Gmail, Yahoo!, or Outlook.com

SAFETY : Avoid sending sensitive informations such as credit card numbers, and
passwords
 TIME SAVING EMAIL TIPS
Many email service provider have a variety of helpful time saving
features. These features are pretty easy to use, that can help you to
better organize your emails.
SELECTING MULTIPLE EMAILS: large number of emails you'd like to delete.
It would be fairly time consuming to go through and individually delete
each email. Luckily, most service provider have a feature that allows you
to select multiple emails.
These are usually in the form of check boxes next to each of your emails.
Once the emails are selected, you can then perform any action you
want, including deleting, sorting, and archiving.
CREATING GROUPS: If you find yourself sending emails to the same people on a
regular basis, it might be a good idea to create a group. Many Email service
provider allow you to select various email addresses and save them as a single
group. This way, you can simply select the group as the recipient instead of
having to select each individual address. This feature can usually be accessed
from the Contacts page of your email.
EMAIL FILTER: When you're receiving a lot of emails on a daily basis, it can be
difficult to keep them organized. Luckily, various email service provider offer a
feature called filters, which basically sort your emails into folders as you receive
them.You can create filters that sort your email by various characteristics,
including specific senders or recipients, keywords in the subject or body, and
attachments.
 SOME COMPANIES EMAIL POLICIES

1. Keep it professional: never convey anger, use profanity,

or make racist.
2. Never share confidential information
3. Think before you send
THANK YOU
BASIC SEARCH AND
WEB NAVIGATION
 • Finding the website
• Part of website
• Using search engine
• UNDERSTANDING urls
• How to set up a wi-fi
Content network
• Configure your router
• Choosing a web browser
• INSTALLING AND UPDATING
plug-ins
• How to update a plug-in
 FINDING THE WEBSITE
The web is full of websites, so how to find a website
becomes a question. Fortunately, there are tools built
specifically for finding websites.
● Use a Search Engines: This makes finding the web
very easy;most web browser like CHROME, FIREFOX
AND EDGE have search box built in.
● Browser A Web Directory: if you don’t know the
name of a website use a web directory.
 PART OF A WEBSITE
There are different parts of a website;
THE HEADER: The header is responsible for showing visitors the
website’s company logo, the primary & secondary navigation
menus, and contact information. The header is normally at the
very top of the page.
THE HERO SECTION: A hero section is like the page header but is
strictly for homepages. Hero sections are used to help convey
your products and services to your visitors on your homepage.
A PAGE HEADER: A page header is a section below the main
header, and it typically states the page title to the visitor.
The content section: your content section is where all of your
page information goes. This is where the bulk of your titles,
paragraphs, images, and forms will go in your website. The
content section is known as the biggest part of the page.
The sidebar section: sidebar sections are responsible for
showing visitors additional navigation, and filtering options
depending on what the site requires.
A footer section: the footer is at the very bottom of your
website and normally should include your contact
information, logo, and some navigation. You should also
include links to any important legal information you need to
include with your website like a privacy policy or terms &
conditions.
 USING SEARCH ENGINE

A search engine is a web-based tool that help

users to locate information on the WORLD WEB
WIDE(www). They search the world wide web in
a systematic way for a particular information
specifically ask my the user.Examples; GOOGLE
CHROME, BING, YAHOO.
THE SEARCH ENGINE INDEX: The search engine index
are web pages that have been discovered by the
search engine and are added into a data
structure.The index take notes of key signals of
contents such as:
● Keywords
● The relevance of the contents
● The freshness of the page
● The previous user engagement
 UNDERSTANDING URLs
Every time you click a link on a website or type a web
address into your browser, it’s a URL. URL stands for Uniform
Resource Locator. Think of it like a street address, with each
portion of the URL as different parts of the address, and each
giving you different information.
SCHEME: Every URL begins with the scheme. This tells your
browser what type of address it is so the browser connects
to it correctly. There are many types of schemes, but for
typical web browsing you will mostly see http and https. you
don’t need to type the scheme when typing a web address;
instead, you can just begin with the domain name.
DOMAIN NAME: The domain name is the most
prominent part of a web address. Typically, different
pages on the same site will continue to use the same
domain name. E.g, http://www.digigirls.org

Domain name
FILE PATH: The file path—often just called the path—
tells your browser to load a specific page. If you don’t
specify a path and only enter a domain name, your
browser is still loading a specific page; it’s just loading
a default page, which usually will help you navigate to
other pages.
http://www.digigirls.org/reading/grammar
PARAMETER: Some URLs include a string of characters
after the path—beginning with a question mark—called
the parameter string. You have probably noticed this
part of a URL appear in your address bar after
performing a search on Google or YouTube. The
parameter string can be clear or confusing to a human
user, but it is critical information for the server.
www.youtube.com/watch?v=dQw5w6WgXcQ

PARAMETER
ANCHOR: Also appearing after the path, the anchor
tells your browser to scroll to or load a specific part
of the page. Usually the anchor begins with a
hashtag and is used to direct your browser to a
specific part of a very long page, much like a
bookmark. Different anchors don’t load different
pages; they simply tell the browser to display
different parts of the page.
digigirls.com/wiki/j,r.r_digigirls#writing

ANCHOR
 HOW TO SET UP A WI-FI NETWORK

To create your own Wi-Fi network, you'll need a

wireless router. This is the device that will broadcast
the Wi-Fi signal from your Internet modem throughout
your house.Some Internet modems may already have
a built-in wireless router, which means you won't need
to purchase a separate one
 HOW TO SET UP A WI-FI NETWORK
CONNECT THE CABLE:
● Connect the router to your existing Internet modem.
● Connect an Ethernet cable from your modem to the
wireless router (there is usually a short Ethernet cable
included with your wireless router for this purpose)
● Plug in the power cable for the wireless router.

● Wait at least 30 to 60 seconds, and make sure the

lights on your router are working correctly.
 CONFIGURE YOUR ROUTER
Use your computer to configure your router's default
settings. This includes setting a unique name and
password for your wireless network.
● Using your web browser, enter the router's
default IP address into the address bar,
then press Enter. Your router's instructions
should include this information, but some
of the most common addresses include
192.168.0.1, 192.168.1.1, and 192.168.2.1.
• The router's sign-in page will appear,
most routers use a standard user name
and password combination, such as
admin and password.

• Your router's settings page will appear.

Locate and select the Network Name
setting, then enter a unique network
name
● Locate and select the Network Password setting, and
choose an Encryption option. There are several types of
encryption you can use, but we recommend WPA2,
which is generally considered to be the most secure
● Enter your desired password. Make sure to use a
strong password to help ensure no one else can
access your network.

● Locate and select the Save button to save your

settings.
 CONNECT
Now you're ready to connect to your Wi-Fi network and make
sure it's working. The process for connecting to a Wi-Fi network
will vary slightly depending on what type of computer or
device you're using, but any system will require these basic
steps;
● Locate your computer's network settings, and search
for nearby Wi-Fi networks.

● Select your network and enter your password

● If your connection is successful, open your web

browser and try navigation to a webpage, if the page
loads it means your wi-fi connection is successful
 CHOOSING A WEB BROWSER

A web browser is a type of software that allows you to find and

view websites on the Internet.
It's always a good idea to keep at least two web browsers on
your computer or mobile device. This way, if a website isn't
working correctly you can try opening the page in a different
web browser.
 CHOOSING A WEB BROWSER
The best browser depends on the kind of device you're using,
using a PC or ANDROID Google Chrome is probably the best
web browser right now for PCs. It's free to download, it's very
fast, and it's secure. Chrome is also the default web browser for
many Android devices.
Using an iphone,ipad or Mac Safari is the default web browser
for Mac computers and iOS devices, including the iPhone and
iPad
OTHER RECOMMENDED WEB BROWSER

Firefox: This free web browser from Mozilla works on

Windows, Mac, and Android.
Opera: Originally released in 1994, the Opera web browser
has been around much longer than Firefox and Chrome.
 INSTALLING AND UPDATING PLUGINS
Plug-ins are small applications that allow you to view certain
types of content within your web browser. Common plug-ins
include Adobe Reader, which lets you view PDF files in your
browser; and Microsoft Silverlight, which is often required for
video sites like Netflix.You might also be familiar with some
older plug-ins, such as Adobe Flash Player, Java, and
QuickTime.
 INSTALLING AND UPDATING PLUGINS

Note: If you're using a mobile device instead of a laptop

or desktop, you won't need to worry about updating
your plug-ins manually.
 HOW TO INSTALL OR UPDATE A PLUG-IN

To do this, go to a search engine like Google, then search

for update or install [your plug-in name here]. e.g search
for update adobe flash player. In most cases, you'll find the
correct page at the very top of the search results.
Locate and select the Download or Install button. Some
plug-ins may also try to install additional software, so be
sure to deselect any offers like this. Locate and double-click
the installation file (it will usually be in your Downloads
folder).

Note that you'll need to close your web browser before you
can install a plug-in.
Follow the instructions that appear. The plug-in will be
updated to the most recent version.
In many cases, your browser will open automatically to a
new page, confirming the installation. This means the
plug-in is ready to use whenever you need it.
THANK YOU
GOOGLE DRIVE
 • About google drive
• Getting started with google
drive
• Accessing google drive
• Creating new files
Content • Uploading and syncing files
• Uploading files and folders
• Managing your files
• Organizing your files
• Sharing and collaborating
files
• Downloading and printing files
 ABOUT GOOGLE DRIVE

Google Drive is a free service from Google that

allows you to store files online and access
them anywhere using the cloud. Google Drive
also gives you access to free web-based
applications for creating documents,
spreadsheets, presentations
Google Drive is one of the most popular cloud
storage services available today.
GETTING STARTED WITH GOOGLE DRIVE

In order to use Google Drive, you will need a Google

account. Google accounts are free.
TO CREATE A GOOGLE ACCOUNT;
1. Go to www.google.com. Locate and select the Sign
in button in the top-right corner of the page.
2. Click create an account.
3. The sign-up form will appear. Follow the directions
and enter the required information.
4. Next enter your phone number. Google will send a verification
code to your phone that you will use to complete the sign-up
process.
5. Enter the verification code sent to your phone and click
Verify.
6.The personal information page will appear. Follow the
directions and enter your information, including your birth date
and gender.
7. Review Google's Terms of Service and Privacy Policy, then
click I agree.
 ACCESSING GOOGLE DRIVE

Once you've set up your Google account, you

can access Google Drive by going to
http://drive.google.com in your web
browser, You can also navigate to Google
Drive from any Google page (such as Gmail
or Google search) by selecting the grid icon
near the top-right corner, then clicking Drive.
 CREATING NEW FILES
Google Drive gives you access to a suite of tools that allows you
to create and edit a variety of files, including documents,
spreadsheets, and presentations. There are five types of files you
can create on Google Drive:
Documents: For composing letters, flyers, essays, and other text-
based files (similar to Microsoft Word documents)
Spreadsheets: For storing and organizing information (similar to
Microsoft Excel workbooks)
Presentations: For creating slideshows (similar to Microsoft
PowerPoint presentations)
Forms: For collecting and organizing data
 TO CREATE A NEW FILE
1. From Google Drive, locate and select the New button, then
choose the type of file you want to create. In our example,
we'll select Google Docs to create a new document.
2. Your new file will appear in a new tab on your browser. Locate
and select Untitled document in the upper-left corner.
3. The Rename dialog box will appear. Type a name for your file,
then click OK.
4. Your file will be renamed. You can access the file at any time
from your Google Drive, where it will be saved automatically.
Simply double-click to open the file again.
 UPLOADING AND SYNCING FILES

Google Drive makes it easy to store and access your files

online in the cloud.
Google Drive gives you 15 gigabytes (15GB) of free
storage space to upload files from your computer and
store them in the cloud.
Once a file is uploaded you'll be able to manage,
organize, share, and access it from anywhere. And
because the files on Google Drive are synced across your
devices.
There are two main types of files you can store on your
Google Drive:
● Files you can edit, like Microsoft Office files,
PDFs, and other text-based files

● Files you cannot edit, like music, videos.

 UPLOADING FILES AND FOLDER
It's easy to upload files from your computer to Google Drive.
If you're using the Google Chrome web browser, you can
even upload entire folders.
TO UPLOAD A FILE:
1. From Google Drive, locate and select the New button,
then select File upload.
2. Locate and select the file(s) you want to upload, then
click Open.
3. The file(s) will be uploaded to your Google Drive.
TO UPLOAD A FOLDER:
1. Click the New button, then select Folder
upload.
2. Locate and select the folder you want to
upload, then click OK.
3. The folder and the files within it will be
uploaded to your Google Drive.
 MANAGING YOUR FILES

Google Drive offers several features to help you manage and

organize them.
SEARCHING FOR FILES: Searching lets you look for specific files
using words contained within the file or file name. To do this,
locate the search bar, then enter the word or file name you're
looking for.
 MANAGING YOUR FILES

SORTING FILES: By default, your files are already sorted from

newest to oldest. However, you can apply other sorts to put
your files in a different order. To sort by name and last
modified.
TO APPLY FILTER: Filters let you hide unimportant files and
focus only on the ones you're interested in. For example, if you
were looking for a presentation, you could use a filter to
narrow down your visible files so you would only see
presentations.
 ORGANIZING YOUR FILES
Once you start adding files to Google Drive, you can
use folders to help organize and group them. Folders
in Google Drive work just like the folders on your
computer.
TO CREATE A FOLDER
1. From Google Drive, click the New button, then
select Folder from the drop-down menu.
2. A dialog box will appear. Enter a name for your
folder, then click Create.
3. Your folder will appear on the left below My Drive.
You may need to click the drop-down arrow to
see your folders.
 TO MOVES FILES INTO FOLDERS
1. Click and drag the file to the desired folder
2. The file will appear in the selected folder
To add multiple files to the same folder, press and
hold the Ctrl key (or Command on a Mac), then click
to select each desired file. When you're ready, click
and drag the files to the desired folder.
 SHARING AND COLLABORATING
Google Drive makes sharing your files simple. It also allows
multiple people to edit the same file, allowing for real-time
collaboration
TO SHARE FILES WITH PEOPLE:
1. Locate and select the file you want to share, then click
the Share button
2. A dialog box will appear. In the People box, type the
email addresses of the people you'd like to share the
file with. If you want, you can add a message that will
be emailed to the people you share the file with.
 SHARING AND COLLABORATING

3. Click Send. Your file will be shared.

For more control over your files, you can click
the drop-down arrow to decide whether people
can edit, comment on, or simply view the file
 TO SHARE WITH LINK

1. Locate and select the file you want to share, then

click the Share button.
2. A dialog box will appear. Click Get shareable link.
3. A link to the file will be copied to your web
clipboard. You can then paste the link in an email
message or on the Web to share the file. When
you're finished, click Done.
 COLLABORATION
Whenever you share a file in a Google Drive format, you'll
have the option to allow your co-editors to change and
edit the file. Google Drive offers several tools that
enhance collaboration by making it easier to
communicate with your co-editors and to see which
changes have been made and by whom.
Google Drive also has a feature called Suggesting mode,
which is similar to the Track Changes feature in Microsoft
Office. This allows each collaborator to make changes,
while giving the other collaborators a chance to review
the changes before making them permanent.
DOWNLOADING AND PRINTING FILES FROM DRIVE
The may be times when you want to download or print a
file for offline access.
TO DOWNLOAD A FILE
1. Locate and right-click the file you want to download,
then select Download.
2. The file will be downloaded to your computer
DOWNLOADING AND PRINTING FILES FROM DRIVE

TO PRINT A FILE
1. Double-click the desired file to open it.

2. Select File > Print.

3. The Print dialog box will appear, along with a

preview of your file on the right. Choose the
desired options, then click Print.
THANK YOU
size

PROTECTING
YOUR ONLINE
PRIVACY
 • Understanding
browser tracking
• Example of when
a website might
track your online
Content activity
• How cookies work
• How to avoid
cookies
 UNDERSTANDING BROWSER TRACKING

When internet is used a record of visited websites are

recorded along with everything that was click. To track this
information many websites save some piece of data, which is
known as a cookie to your web browser, in addition to cookies
many browsers use people’s users account to track browsing
activities.
 UNDERSTANDING BROWSER TRACKING

It’s important to understand how your online data is tracked

and used.
There are many reasons a website might track your browsing
activity. In some cases, it's simply to make your browsing
experience faster and more convenient. But this data can also
be used to determine your browsing habits and preferences.
 Examples of when a website might
track your online activity.

● Video sites like YouTube and Netflix collect

information on the videos you watch, which helps
them suggest more videos you might like.

● Online stores like Amazon and eBay keep a record

of the different items you view and purchase, which
helps them suggest other products you may want to
buy.
 Examples of when a website might
track your online activity.

Search engines like Google keep a record of the things you

search for. This can help them suggest more relevant
searches, but it can also be used for advertising purposes.
 HOW COOKIES WORK

Cookies store specific information on the websites you visit

and the things you click on different sites. If you don't have
an account on a particular site, this information is typically
saved in a cookie to your web browser.
For example, a news website might use cookies to see if
you've previously visited its site—and what articles you read
on your last visit—so it can suggest more articles based on
your previous choices.
 HOW TO AVOID COOKIE
There are a few different ways to avoid cookie tracking.
Some websites actually give you the option to disable
cookie tracking on their site, although this may also disable
certain site features.
If you want to opt out of cookies entirely, you could try
enabling the Do Not Track setting in your browser. Most web
browsers disable this feature by default, but it can usually
be activated from the privacy settings.
 HOW TO AVOID COOKIE

Do Not Track program is voluntary, so some sites may not

honor this request. If you'd prefer to avoid cookies
altogether, you could use a private browsing mode
whenever you go online. This will prevent any cookies from
being saved to your web browser.
THANK YOU
MS WORD
 • Working with word
environment
• Getting started

Content with word

• Working with text
• Working with
objects
 WORKING WITH WORD ENVIRONMENT
All recent versions of Word include the Ribbon and the
Quick Access Toolbar, where you'll find commands to
perform common tasks in Word, as well as Backstage
view.
 THE RIBBON
Word uses a tabbed Ribbon system instead of traditional
menus. The Ribbon contains multiple tabs, which you can
find near the top of the Word window.
Each tab contains several groups of related commands.
For example, the Font group on the Home tab contains
commands for formatting text in your document.
Some groups also have a small arrow in the bottom-right
corner that you can click for even more options.
 SHOWING HIDDEN RIBBON
If you find that the Ribbon takes up too much screen
space, you can hide it. To do this, click the Ribbon Display
Options arrow in the upper-right corner of the Ribbon,
then select the desired option from the drop-down menu:
● Auto-hide Ribbon: Auto-hide displays your document
in full-screen mode and completely hides the Ribbon
from view. To show the Ribbon, click the Expand
Ribbon command at the top of screen.
 SHOWING HIDDEN RIBBON

● Show Tabs: This option hides all command groups

when they're not in use, but tabs will remain visible. To
show the Ribbon, simply click a tab
● Show Tabs and Commands: This option
maximizes the Ribbon. All of the tabs and
commands will be visible. This option is selected
by default when you open Word for the first time
 THE QUICK ACCESS TOOL

Located just above the Ribbon, the Quick Access

Toolbar lets you access common commands no
matter which tab is selected. By default, it shows
the Save, Undo, and Redo commands, but you
can add other commands depending on your
needs.
 THE QUICK ACCESS TOOL

TO ADD COMMAND TO QUICK ACCESS TOOL:

● Click the drop-down arrow to the right of the
Quick Access Toolbar.
● Select the command you want to add from
the menu.
● The command will be added to the Quick
Access Toolbar.
 THE RULER
The Ruler is located at the top and to the left of
your document. It makes it easier to adjust your
document with precision. If you want, you can
hide the Ruler to create more screen space.

To show or hide the Ruler:

● Click the View tab.
● Click the checkbox next to Ruler to show or
hide the Ruler.
CREATING AND OPENING DOCUM
Word files are called documents. Whenever you start a n
project in Word, you will need to create a new document
can either be blank or from a template. You also need to
how to open an existing document.

To create a new blank document:

When beginning a new project in Word, you start with a n
blank document.
● Select the File tab to access Backstage view.
 TO CREATE A DOCUMENT FROM
A TEMPLATE
A template is a predesigned document you can use to
create a new document quickly. Templates often include
custom formatting and designs.
● Click the File tab to access Backstage view, then
select New.
● Several templates will appear below the Blank
document option. You can also use the search
bar to find something more specific.
 TO CREATE A DOCUMENT FROM
A TEMPLATE

● When you find something you like, select a

template to preview it.
● A preview of the template will appear. Click
Create to use the selected template.
● A new document will appear with the selected
template
TO OPEN AN EXISTING DOCUMENT

In addition to creating new documents, you'll often need

to open a document that was previously saved.
● Navigate to Backstage view, then click Open.
● Select This PC, then click Browse. You can also
choose from Drive to open files stored on your Drive.
● The Open dialog box will appear. Locate and select
your document, then click Open.
● The selected document will appear.
 SAVING AND SHARING DOCUMENT

When you create a new document in Word, you need to

know how to save it so you can access and edit it later.

SAVE AND SAVE AS

Word offers two ways to save a file: Save and Save As. These
options work in similar ways, with a few important
differences.
 SAVING AND SHARING DOCUMENT

Save: When you create or edit a document, you'll use the

Save command to save your changes. You'll use this
command most of the time. When you save a file, you'll only
need to choose a file name and location the first time.
Save As: You'll use this command to create a copy of a
document while keeping the original. When you use Save
As, you'll need to choose a different name and/or
location for the copied version.
 TO SAVE A DOCUMENT
● Locate and select the Save command on the Quick Access
Toolbar
● If you're saving the file for the first time, the Save pane
will appear in Backstage view.
● You'll then need to choose where to save the file and
give it a file name. The Save dialog box will appear.
Select the location where you want to save the
document.
● Enter a file name for the document, then click Save You
can also access the Save command by pressing Ctrl+S
on your keyboard.
 SHARING DOCUMENTS

Word makes it easy to share and collaborate on

documents using Drive.When you share a
document from Word, you're actually giving
others access to the exact same file. This lets
you and the people you share with edit the
same document without having to keep track of
multiple versions.
 SHARING DOCUMENTS

TO SHARE A DOCUMENT:
● Click the File tab to access Backstage view,
then click Share
● A Send Link window will appear.
 WORKING WITH TEXT

TEXT BASIC: Learn the basics of typing, editing, and

organizing text. Basic tasks include the ability to add,
delete, and move text in your document, as well as how to
cut, copy, and paste.
USING THE INSERTION POINT TO ADD TEXT: The insertion
point is the blinking vertical line in your document. It
indicates where you can enter text on the page. You can
use the insertion point in a variety of ways.
 WORKING WITH TEXT

Blank document: When a new blank document opens, the

insertion point will appear in the top-left corner of the
page.
Adding spaces: Press the spacebar to add spaces after a
word or in between text.
● New paragraph line: Press Enter on your keyboard to move the
insertion point to the next paragraph line.
● Manual placement: Once you begin typing, you can use
the mouse to move the insertion point to a specific place in
your document. Simply click the location in the text where
you want to place it.
● Arrow keys: You can also use the arrow keys on your
keyboard to move the insertion point. The left and right
arrow keys will move between adjacent characters on the
same line, while the up and down arrows will move
between paragraph lines. You can also press Ctrl+Left or
Ctrl+Right to quickly move between entire words.
 SELECTING TEXT
Before you can move or format text, you'll need to select it.
To do this, click and drag your mouse over the text, then
release the mouse. A highlighted box will appear over the
selected text.

TO SELECT MULTIPLE LINES OF TEXT;

● Move the mouse pointer to the left of any line so it
becomes a right slanted arrow.
● Click the mouse. The line will be selected.
 SELECTING TEXT
● To select multiple lines, click and drag the mouse up or
down.
● To select all of the text in your document, choose the
Select command on the Home tab, then click Select All.
You can also press Ctrl+A on your keyboard.
Other shortcuts include double-clicking to select a word
and triple-clicking to select an entire sentence or
paragraph.
 TO DELETE TEXT

There are several ways to delete, or remove, text:

● To delete text to the left of the insertion point,
press the Backspace key on your keyboard.
● To delete text to the right of the insertion point,
press the Delete key on your keyboard.
● Select the text you want to remove, then press
the Delete key. If you select text and start typing,
the selected text will automatically be deleted
and replaced with the new text.
 FORMATTING TEXT
Formatted text can draw the reader's attention to
specific parts of a document and emphasize important
information. In Word, you have several options for
adjusting text, including font, size, and color. You can
also adjust the alignment of the text to change how it is
displayed on the page.
 FORMATTING TEXT

TO CHANGE FONT SIZE:

● Select the text you want to modify.
● On the Home tab, click the Font Size drop-down
arrow. Select a font size from the menu
● The font size will change in the document.
 TO CHANGE FONT
By default, the font of each new document is set
to Calibri. However, Word provides many other
fonts you can use to customize text.
● Select the text you want to modify.
● On the Home tab, click the drop-down
arrow next to the Font box. A menu of
font styles will appear.
● Select the font style you want to use.
● The font will change in the document.
 TO CHANGE THE FONT COLOUR

● Select the text you want to modify.

● On the Home tab, click the Font Color drop-
down arrow. The Font Color menu appears.
● Select the font color you want to use. The font
color will change in the document.
TO USE BOLD, ITALIC, AND UNDERLINE
COMMAND

The Bold, Italic, and Underline commands can be

used to help draw attention to important words or
phrases.
● Select the text you want to modify.
● On the Home tab, click the Bold (B), Italic (I), or
Underline (U) command in the Font group.
● The selected text will be modified in the
document.
 TO HIGHLIGHT TEXT

Highlighting can be a useful tool for marking

important text in your document.
● Select the text you want to highlight.
● From the Home tab, click the Text Highlight Color
drop-down arrow. The Highlight Color menu
appears.
● Select the desired highlight color. The selected text
will then be highlighted in the document.
 TO HIGHLIGHT TEXT

To remove highlighting, select the highlighted text,

then click the Text Highlight Color drop-down arrow.
Select No Color from the drop-down menu.
 TO CHANGE TEXT ALIGNMENT

By default, Word aligns text to the left margin in new

documents. However, there may be times when you want to
adjust text alignment to the center or right.
● Select the text you want to modify.
● On the Home tab, select one of the four alignment
options from the Paragraph group.
● The text will be realigned in the document.
 TO CHANGE TEXT ALIGNMENT

ALIGN TEXT LEFT; This aligns text all selected text to the left
CENTER; This aligns text an equal distance from the left and
right margins
ALIGN TEXT RIGHT; This aligns all selected text to the right
margin
JUSTIFY; Justified text is equal on both side it lines up equally
to the left and right margin
 USING FIND AND REPLACE

When you're working with longer documents, it can be difficult

and time consuming to locate a specific word or phrase. Word
can automatically search your document using the Find
feature, and it allows you to quickly change words or phrases
using Replace.

TO FIND TEXT:
● From the Home tab, click the Find command. You can also
press Ctrl+F on your keyboard.
 USING FIND AND REPLACE
TO FIND TEXT:
● The navigation pane will appear on the left side of the
screen.
● Type the text you want to find in the field at the top of the
navigation pane.
● If the text is found in the document, it will be highlighted in
yellow and a preview of the results will appear in the
navigation pane.
● When you're finished, click X to close the navigation pane. The
highlight will disappear.
 TO REPLACE TEXT
You may discover that you've made a mistake
repeatedly throughout your document, like misspelling
someone's name, or that you need to exchange a
particular word or phrase for another. You can use Word's
Find and Replace feature to quickly make revisions.
● From the Home tab, click the Replace command. You
can also press Ctrl+H on your keyboard.
● The Find and Replace dialog box will appear.
 TO REPLACE TEXT
● Type the text you want to find in the Find what:
field.
● Type the text you want to replace it with in the
Replace with: field, then click Find Next.
● Word will find the first instance of the text and
highlight it in gray.
● Review the text to make sure you want to replace it.
● If you want to replace it, you can click Replace to change
individual instances of text. You can also click Replace
All to replace every instance of the text throughout the
document.
● The text will be replaced.
● When you're done, click Close or Cancel to close the
dialog box.
● When it comes to using Replace All, it's important to
remember that it could find matches you didn't
anticipate and that you might not actually want to
change. You should only use this option if you're
absolutely sure it won't replace anything you didn't
intend it to.
 LINE AND PARAGRAPH SPACING

As you design your document and make formatting

decisions, you will need to consider line and paragraph
spacing. You can increase spacing to improve
readability and reduce it to fit more text on the page.
LINE SPACING
Line spacing is the space between each line in a
paragraph. Word allows you to customize the line
spacing to be single spaced (one line high), double
spaced (two lines high), or any other amount you want.
The default spacing in Word is 1.08 lines, which is slightly
larger than single spaced.
 TO FORMAT LINE SPACING

● Select the text you want to format.

● On the Home tab, click the Line and
Paragraph Spacing command, then select
the desired line spacing.
● The line spacing will change in the
document.
 TO FORMAT PARAGRAPH SPACING

● Select the paragraph or paragraphs you want to

format.
● On the Home tab, click the Line and Paragraph
Spacing command. Click Add Space Before
Paragraph or Remove Space After Paragraph from
the drop-down menu.
● The paragraph spacing will change in the
document.
 TO FORMAT PARAGRAPH SPACING

From the drop-down menu, you can also select Line

Spacing Options to open the Paragraph dialog box.
From here, you can control how much space there is
before and after the paragraph.
 PICTURES AND TEXT WRAPPING
From the drop-down menu, you can also select Line Spacing
Options to open the Paragraph dialog box. From here, you
can control how much space there is before and after the
paragraph.
TO INSERT PICTURES FROM A FILE:
● Place the insertion point where you want the image to
appear.
● Select the Insert tab on the Ribbon, then click the
Pictures command.
 PICTURES AND TEXT WRAPPING

● The Insert Picture dialog box will appear. Navigate to the

folder where your image is located, then select the image
and click Insert.
● The image will appear in the document.
To resize an image, click and drag one of the corner sizing
handles. The image will change size while keeping the same
proportions
TO WRAP TEXT AROUND AN IMAGE
● Select the image you want to wrap text around.
The Format tab will appear on the right side of
the Ribbon.
● On the Format tab, click the Wrap Text
command in the Arrange group, then select
the desired text wrapping option.
● The text will wrap around the image. You can
now move the image if you want.
 FORMATTING PICTURES

There are many ways to format pictures in Word. For

instance, you can change the size or shape of an
image to better suit your document. You can also
enhance its appearance using Word's image
adjustment tools.
TO CROP AN IMAGE:
● Select the image you want to crop. The
Format tab will appear.
● From the Format tab, click the Crop
command.
● Cropping handles will appear on the sides
and corners of the image. Click and drag any
handle to crop the image.
● To confirm, click the Crop command again.
The image will be cropped.
TO CROP AN IMAGE TO SHAPE

● Select the image you want to crop, then

click the Format tab.
● Click the Crop drop-down arrow. Hover
over Crop to Shape, then select the desired
shape from the drop-down menu.
● The image will be cropped to the chosen
shape.
 SHAPE
You can add a variety of shapes to your document,
including arrows, callouts, squares, stars, and flowchart
shapes.
TO INSERT A SHAPE:
● Select the Insert tab, then click the Shapes
command. A drop-down menu of shapes will
appear.
● Select the desired shape.
 SHAPE

● Click and drag in the desired location to add

the shape to your document.
● You can enter text in a shape. When the shape
appears in your document, You can then use
the formatting options on the Home tab to
change the font, font size, or color of the text.
 TO RESIZE A SHAPE

● Select the shape you want to resize. Sizing

handles will appear on the corners and sides
of the shape.
● Click and drag the sizing handles until the
shape is the desired size. You can use the
corner sizing handles to change the shape
height and width at the same time.
● To rotate the shape, click and drag the
rotation handle.
 TEXT BOXES
Text boxes can be useful for drawing attention to
specific text. They can also be helpful when you
need to move text around in your document.
TO INSERT TEXT BOXES:
● Select the Insert tab, then click the Text Box
command in the Text group.
● A drop-down menu will appear. Select Draw
Text Box.
 TEXT BOXES

● Click and drag anywhere on the document to

create the text box.
● The insertion point will appear inside the text
box. You can now type to create text inside the
text box.
● Click anywhere outside the text box to return to
your document
ALIGNING, ORDERING, GROUPING
OBJECTS

There may be times when your documents have

multiple objects, such as pictures, shapes, and
text boxes. You can arrange the objects any way
you want by aligning, grouping, ordering, and
rotating them in various ways.
TO ALIGN TWO OR MORE OBJECT
● Hold the Shift (or Ctrl) key and click the
objects you want to align.
● From the Format tab, click the Align
command, then select one of the alignment
options.
● The objects will be aligned based on the
selected option.
 GROUPING OBJECTS

You may want to group multiple objects into one object

so they will stay together. This is usually easier than
selecting them individually, and it also allows you to
resize and move all of the objects at the same time.
TO GROUP OBJECTS:
● Hold the Shift (or Ctrl) key and click the objects
you want to group.
● Click the Group command on the Format tab,
then select Group.
● The selected objects will now be grouped. There
will be a single box with sizing handles around
the entire group so you can move or resize all of
the objects at the same time.
 ORDERING OBJECTS

In addition to aligning objects, Word gives you the ability

to arrange objects in a specific order. The ordering is
important when two or more objects overlap because it
determines which objects are in the front or the back.
Objects are placed on different levels according to the
order in which they were inserted into a document.
TO CHANGE OBJECT LEVEL:
● Objects are placed on different levels according to the
order in which they were inserted into a document.
● From the Format tab, click the Bring Forward or Send
Backward command to change the object's ordering
by one level
● The objects will be reordered.
 TABLES AND CHARTS

TABLES: A table is a grid of cells arranged in rows and

columns. Tables can be used to organize any type of
content, whether you're working with text or numerical
data.
TO INSERT A BLANK TABLE:
● Place the insertion point where you want the
table to appear.
● Navigate to the Insert tab, then click the Table
command.
● This will open a drop-down menu that contains
a grid. Hover over the grid to select the number
of columns and rows you want.
● Click the grid to confirm your selection, and a
table will appear.
● To enter text, place the insertion point in any
cell, then begin typing.
 CONVERT AN EXISTING TEXT TO TABLE
● Select the text you want to convert to a table. If you're
using our practice file, you can find this text on page 2 of
the document.
● Go to the Insert tab, then click the Table command.
● Select Convert Text to Table from the drop-down menu.
● A dialog box will appear. Choose one of the options
under Separate text at. This is how Word knows what to
put into each column.
● Click OK. The text will appear in a table.
 INSERTING CHARTS

● Place the insertion point where you want the

chart to appear.
● Navigate to the Insert tab, then click the
Chart command in the Illustrations group.
● A dialog box will appear. To view your
options, choose a chart type from the left
pane, then browse the charts on the right.
● Select the desired chart, then click OK.
 INSERTING CHARTS

● A chart and spreadsheet window will appear.

● Enter your source data into the spreadsheet.
● When you're done, click X to close the
spreadsheet window.
● The chart will be complete.
 INSPECTING AND PROTECTING
DOCUMENT
DOCUMENT INSPECTOR: Whenever you create or edit a
document, certain personal information may be added to
the file automatically, like information about the
document's author. You can use the Document Inspector
to remove this type of information before sharing a
document with others.
TO USE DOCUMENT INSPECTOR:
● Click the File tab to go to Backstage view.
● From the Info pane, click Check for Issues, then
select Inspect Document from the drop-down
menu.
● The Document Inspector will appear. Check or
uncheck the boxes.
● Click Remove All to remove the data.
● When you're done, click Close.
 PROTECTING YOUR DOCUMENTS
By default, anyone with access to your document will be
able to open, copy, and edit its content unless you
protect it.
TO PROTECT YOUR DOCUMENT:
● Click the File tab to go to Backstage view.
● From the Info pane, click the Protect Document
command.
● In the drop-down menu, choose the option that
best suits your needs
 PROTECTING YOUR DOCUMENTS
● A dialog box will appear prompting you to save.
Click OK.
● Another dialog box will appear. Click OK.
● The document will be marked as final. Marking a
document as final will not actually prevent others
from editing it because they can just select Edit
Anyway. If you want to prevent people from
editing the document, you can use the Restrict
Access option.
THANK YOU
EXCEL
 • Introduction
• Getting started with
excel
• Working with cells and

Content •
sheets
Formulas and
functions
• Working with data
• Protecting workbook
 INTRODUCTION
Excel is a spreadsheet program that allows you to store,
organize, and analyze information.
When you open Excel for the first time, the Excel Start
Screen will appear. From here, you'll be able to create a
new workbook, choose a template, and access your
recently edited workbooks.
From the Excel Start Screen, locate and select Blank
workbook to access the Excel interface.
TO CREATE A NEW BLANK WORKBOOK:
● Select the File tab. Backstage view will appear.
● Select New, then click Blank workbook.
● A new blank workbook will appear.
TO OPEN AN EXISTING WORKBOOK:
● Navigate to Backstage view, then click Open.
● Select Computer, then click Browse. You can also
choose OneDrive to open files stored on your
OneDrive.
● The Open dialog box will appear. Locate and select
your workbook, then click Open.
TO SAVE A WORKBOOK:
● Locate and select the Save command on the Quick
Access Toolbar.
● If you're saving the file for the first time, the Save As
pane will appear in Backstage view.
● You'll then need to choose where to save the file and
give it a file name. To save the workbook to your
computer, select Computer, then click Browse. You can
also click Drive to save the file to your Drive.
● Enter a file name for the workbook, then click Save.
TO SHARE A WORKBOOK:
● Click the File tab to access Backstage view, then click
Share.
● Excel will return to Normal view and open the Share panel
on the right side of the window. From here, you can invite
people to share your document,see a list of who has
access to the document, and set whether they can edit or
only view the documents
UNDERSTANDING CELL: Every worksheet is made up of
thousands of rectangles, which are called cells. A cell is
the intersection of a row and a column. In other words, it's
where a row and column meet.
TO SELECT A CELL: To input or edit cell content, you'll first
need to select the cell.
● Click a cell to select it.
● A border will appear around the selected cell, and the
column heading and row heading will be highlighted.
TO SELECT A CELL RANGE: Sometimes you may want to
select a larger group of cells, or a cell range.
● Click and drag the mouse until all of the adjoining
cells you want to select are highlighted.
● Release the mouse to select the desired cell range
TO MODIFY COLUMN WIDTH:
● Position the mouse over the column line in the
column heading so the cursor becomes a
double arrow.
● Click and drag the mouse to increase or
decrease the column width.
● Release the mouse. The column width will be
changed.
TO MODIFY ROW HEIGHT:
● Position the cursor over the row line so the
cursor becomes a double arrow
● Click and drag the mouse to increase or
decrease the row height.
● Release the mouse. The height of the selected
row will be changed.
TO MODIFY ALL ROWS AND COLUMN

Instead of resizing rows and columns individually,

you can modify the height and width of every row
and column at the same time. This method allows
you to set a uniform size for every row and
column in your worksheet.
● Locate and click the Select All button just
below the name box to select every cell in the
worksheet.
TO MODIFY ALL ROWS AND COLUMN

● Position the mouse over a row line so the

cursor becomes a double arrow.
● Click and drag the mouse to increase or
decrease the row height, then release the
mouse when you are satisfied. The row height
will be changed for the entire worksheet.
 FORMATTING CELLS
All cell content uses the same formatting by
default, which can make it difficult to read a
workbook with a lot of information.
TO CHANGE FONT SIZE:
● Select the cell(s) you want to modify.
● On the Home tab, click the drop-down arrow
next to the Font Size command, then select the
desired font size.
● The text will change to the selected font size.
 FORMATTING CELLS

TO CHANGE FONT:
● Select the cell(s) you want to modify.
● On the Home tab, click the drop-down arrow
next to the Font command, then select the
desired font.
● The text will change to the selected font.
 TO CHANGE FONT COLOUR

● Select the cell(s) you want to modify.

● On the Home tab, click the drop-down arrow next to
the Font Color command, then select the desired font
color.
● The text will change to the selected font color.
TO USE THE BOLD, ITALIC AND UNDERLINE
COMMAND
● Select the cell(s) you want to modify.
● Click the Bold (B), Italic (I), or Underline (U) command
on the Home tab.
● The selected style will be applied to the text.
 UNDERSTANDING NUMBERS FORMAT
Number formats tell your spreadsheet exactly
what type of data you're using, like percentages
(%), currency ($), times, dates, and so
on.Number formats not only make your
spreadsheet easier to read, but they also make it
easier to use. When you apply a number format,
you're telling your spreadsheet exactly what
types of values are stored in a cell
APPLYING NUMBER FORMAT

● Go to the Home tab, click the Number Format drop-do

menu in the Number group, and select the desired for
● Click one of the quick number-formatting commands
the drop-down menu.
You can also select the desired cells and press Ctrl+1 on y
keyboard to access additional number-formatting option
WORKING WITH MULTIPLE WORKSHEETS
Every workbook contains at least one worksheet by
default. When working with a large amount of data, you
can create multiple worksheets to help organize your
workbook and make it easier to find content. You can
also group worksheets to quickly add information to
multiple worksheets at the same time.
TO INSERT A WORKSHEET:
● Locate and select the New sheet button near the
bottom-right corner of the Excel window.
● A new blank worksheet will appear.
 USING FIND AND REPLACE
When working with a lot of data in Excel, it can be difficult and
time consuming to locate specific information. You can easily
search your workbook using the Find feature.
TO FIND CELL CONTENT:
● From the Home tab, click the Find and Select command,
then select Find from the drop-down menu.
● The Find and Replace dialog box will appear. Enter the
content you want to find.
 USING FIND AND REPLACE
● Click Find Next. If the content is found, the cell containing
that content will be selected.
● Click Find Next to find more instances or Find All to see
every instance of the search term.
● When you are finished, click Close to exit the Find and
Replace dialog box.
CHECKING SPELLING

TO USE SPELL CHECK:

● From the Review tab, click the Spelling
command.
● The Spelling dialog box will appear. For each
spelling error in your worksheet, it will try to
offer suggestions for the correct spelling.
CHECKING SPELLING

● Choose a suggestion, then click Change to

correct the error
● A dialog box will appear after reviewing all
spelling errors. Click OK to close spell check.
If there are no appropriate suggestions, you can
also enter the correct spelling manually.
PAGE LAYOUT AND PRINTING

There may be times when you want to print a

workbook to view and share your data offline.
Once you've chosen your page layout settings,
it's easy to preview and print a workbook from
Excel using the Print pane.
TO ACCESS THE PRINT PANE:
● Select the File tab. Backstage view will
appear.
● Select Print. The Print pane will appear.

TO PRINT A WORKBOOK:
● Navigate to the Print pane, then select the
desired printer.
● Enter the number of copies you want to print.
● Click Print.
INTRODUCTION TO FORMULAS

MATHEMATICAL OPERATORS: Excel uses standard

operators for formulas: a plus sign for addition (+), minus
sign for subtraction (-), asterisk for multiplication (*),
forward slash for division (/), and caret (^) for exponents.
All formulas in Excel must begin with an equals sign (=).
This is because the cell contains, or is equal to, the
formula and the value it calculates.
 UNDERSTANDING CELL REFERENCE

While you can create simple formulas in Excel using

numbers (for example, =2+2 or =5*5), most of the time
you will use cell addresses to create a formula. This is
known as making a cell reference. Using cell references
will ensure that your formulas are always accurate
because you can change the value of referenced cells
without having to rewrite the formula.
● Cell A3 adds the values of cells A1 and A2 by making
cell references:
● When you press Enter, the formula calculates and
displays the answer in cell A3
● If the values in the referenced cells change, the
formula automatically recalculates:
By combining a mathematical operator with cell
references, you can create a variety of simple formulas
in Excel.
 TO CREATE A FORMULA
● Select the cell that will contain the formula.
● Type the equals sign (=). Notice how it appears in
both the cell and the formula bar.
● Type the cell address of the cell you want to reference
first in the formula:
● Type the mathematical operator you want to use.
● Type the cell address of the cell you want to reference
second in the formula.
● Press Enter on your keyboard. The formula will be
calculated, and the value will be displayed in the cell.
If the result of a formula is too large to be displayed in a
cell, it may appear as pound signs (###) instead of a
value. This means the column is not wide enough to
display the cell content. Simply increase the column
width to show the cell content.
TO CREATE A FORMULA USING POINT AND
CLICK METHOD

Instead of typing cell addresses manually, you

can point and click the cells you want to include
in your formula. This method can save a lot of
time and effort when creating formulas.
● Select the cell that will contain the formula.
● Type the equals sign (=).
● Select the cell you want to reference first in
the formula.
● Type the mathematical operator you want to
use.
● Select the cell you want to reference second
in the formula.
● Press Enter on your keyboard. The formula will
be calculated, and the value will be displayed
in the cell.
 TO EDIT A FORMULA
● Select the cell containing the formula you
want to edit.
● Click the formula bar to edit the formula. You
can also double-click the cell to view and
edit the formula directly within the cell.
● A border will appear around any referenced
cells
● When you're finished, press Enter on your
keyboard or select the Enter command in the
formula bar.
 TO EDIT A FORMULA

● The formula will be updated, and the new

value will be displayed in the cell.
If you change your mind, you can press the Esc
key on your keyboard or click the Cancel
command in the formula bar to avoid
accidentally making changes to your formula.
RELATIVE AND ABSOLUTE CELL
REFERENCES
There are two types of cell references: relative
and absolute. Relative and absolute references
behave differently when copied and filled to
other cells. Relative references change when a
formula is copied to another cell. Absolute
references, on the other hand, remain constant
no matter where they are copied.
RELATIVE AND ABSOLUTE CELL
REFERENCES

RELATIVE REFERENCES: By default, all cell

references are relative references. When copied
across multiple cells, they change based on the
relative position of rows and columns
TO CREATE AND COPY A FORMULA
USING RELATIVE REFERENCES
● Select the cell that will contain the formula.
● Enter the formula to calculate the desired
value.
● Press Enter on your keyboard. The formula
will be calculated, and the result will be
displayed in the cell.
● Locate the fill handle in the bottom-right
corner of the desired cell.
● Click and drag the fill handle over the cells
you want to fill.
● Release the mouse. The formula will be
copied to the selected cells with relative
references, displaying the result in each cell.
You can double-click the filled cells to check
their formulas for accuracy. The relative cell
references should be different for each cell,
depending on their rows.
 ABSOLUTE REFERENCE

There may be a time when you don't want a cell

reference to change when copied to other cells.
Unlike relative references, absolute references
do not change when copied or filled. You can
use an absolute reference to keep a row and/or
column constant.
An absolute reference is designated in a formula
by the addition of a dollar sign ($). It can
precede the column reference, the row
reference, or both.
 CREATE AND COPY A FORMULA
USING ABSOLUTE REFERENCE
● Select the cell that will contain the formula.
● Enter the formula to calculate the desired value.
● Press Enter on your keyboard. The formula will
calculate, and the result will display in the cell.
● Locate the fill handle in the bottom-right corner of
the desired cell.
● Click and drag the fill handle over the cells you
want to fill.
 CREATE AND COPY A FORMULA
USING ABSOLUTE REFERENCE
● Release the mouse. The formula will be copied to
the selected cells with an absolute reference, and
the values will be calculated in each cell.
You can double-click the filled cells to check their
formulas for accuracy. The absolute reference should
be the same for each cell, while the other references
are relative to the cell's row.
BASICS TIPS FOR WORKING WITH DATA
Excel workbooks are designed to store a lot of
information. Whether you're working with 20 cells
or 20,000, Excel has several features to help you
organize your data and find what you need.
FREEZING ROWS AND COLUMNS
You may want to see certain rows or columns all
the time in your worksheet, especially header
cells. By freezing rows or columns in place, you'll
be able to scroll through your content while
continuing to view the frozen cells.
BASICS TIPS FOR WORKING WITH DATA

SORTING DATA:
You can quickly reorganize a worksheet by
sorting your data. Content can be sorted
alphabetically and numerically
 FILTERING DATA

Filters can be used to narrow down the data in

your worksheet, allowing you to view only the
information you need.
SUMMARIZING DATA: The Subtotal command
allows you to quickly summarize data.
 FILTERING DATA

USING FIND AND REPLACE: When working

with a lot of data, it can be difficult and time
consuming to locate specific information. You
can easily search your workbook using the FIND
FEATURE,which also allows you to modify content
using the Replace feature.
FREEZE PANE AND VIEW OPTION

TO FREEZE ROW: You may want to see certain

rows or columns all the time in your worksheet,
especially header cells. By freezing rows or
columns in place, you'll be able to scroll through
your content while continuing to view the frozen
cells.
● Select the row below the row(s) you want to
freeze. E.g we want to freeze rows 1 and 2, so
we'll select row 3.
● On the View tab, select the Freeze Panes
command, then choose Freeze Panes from
the drop-down menu.
● The rows will be frozen in place, as indicated
by the gray line. You can scroll down the
worksheet while continuing to view the frozen
rows at the top.
TO FREEZE COLUMN
● Select the column to the right of the
column(s) you want to freeze.Example, we
want to freeze column A, so we'll select
column B.
● On the View tab, select the Freeze Panes
command, then choose Freeze Panes from
the drop-down menu.
● The column will be frozen in place, as
indicated by the gray line. You can scroll
across the worksheet while continuing to
view the frozen column on the left.
● If you only need to freeze the top row (row 1)
or first column (column A) in the worksheet,
you can simply select Freeze Top Row or
Freeze First Column from the drop-down
menu.
OTHER VIEW OPTION
If your workbook contains a lot of content, it can
sometimes be difficult to compare different
sections. Excel includes additional options to
make your workbooks easier to view and
compare. For example, you can choose to open
a new window for your workbook or split a
worksheet into separate panes.
Excel allows you to open multiple windows for a
single workbook at the same time.
TO OPEN A NEW WINDOW FOR THE CURRENT
WORKBOOK:
● Click the View tab on the Ribbon, then select the New
Window command.
● A new window for the workbook will appear.
● You can now compare different worksheets from the
same workbook across windows
If you have several windows open at the same time, you can
use the Arrange All command to rearrange them quickly
 TYPES OF SORTING

When sorting data, it's important to first decide if

you want the sort to apply to the entire worksheet or
just a cell range. Sort sheet organizes all of the data
in your worksheet by one column. Related
information across each row is kept together when
the sort is applied. Sort range sorts the data in a
range of cells, which can be helpful when working
with a sheet that contains several tables. Sorting a
range will not affect other content in the worksheet.
TO SORT SHEET:
● Select a cell in the column you want to sort
● Select the Data tab on the Ribbon, then click the
A-Z command to sort A to Z, or the Z-A
command to sort Z to A.
● The worksheet will be sorted by the selected
column
TO SORT RANGE:
● Select the cell range you want to sort. E.g we'll select
cell range G2:H6.
● Select the Data tab on the Ribbon, then click the Sort
command.
● The Sort dialog box will appear. Choose the column
you want to sort.
● Decide the sorting order (either ascending or
descending).
● Once you're satisfied with your selection, click OK.
● The cell range will be sorted by the selected column.
TO FILTER DATA

● In other for filtering to work perfectly, your

worksheet should a header row which is use
to identify the name of each column.
● Select the Data tab, then click the Filter
command.
● A drop-down arrow will appear in the
header cell for each column.
● Click the drop-down arrow for the column
you want to filter
TO FILTER DATA

● The Filter menu will appear.

● Uncheck the box next to Select All to quickly
deselect all data.
● Check the boxes next to the data you want to
filter, then click OK.
● The data will be filtered, temporarily hiding
any content that doesn't match the criteria.
 GROUPS AND SUBTOTALS

TO GROUP ROWS AND COLUMNS:

● Select the rows or columns you want to group. E.g select
columns B, C, and D
● Select the Data tab on the Ribbon, then click the Group
command.
● The selected rows or columns will be grouped.
To ungroup data, select the grouped rows or columns, then
click the Ungroup command.
 CREATING SUBTOTALS
The Subtotal command allows you to automatically create
groups and use common functions like SUM, COUNT, and
AVERAGE to help summarize your data.

TO CREATE A SUBTOTAL:
● First, sort your worksheet by the data you want to
subtotal
● Select the Data tab, then click the Subtotal command.
TO CREATE A SUBTOTAL:
● The Subtotal dialog box will appear. Click the drop-
down arrow for the At each change in: field to select
the column you want to subtotal.
● Click the drop-down arrow for the Use function: field to
select the function you want to use. E.g select COUNT to
count the number of items in your sheet.
● In the Add subtotal to: field, select the column where
you want the calculated subtotal to appear.
TO REMOVE SUBTOTAL

Sometimes you may not want to keep subtotals

in your worksheet, especially if you want to
reorganize data in different ways. If you no
longer want to use subtotaling, you will need
remove it from your worksheet.
● Select the Data tab, then click the Subtotal
command
● The Subtotal dialog box will appear. Click
Remove All.
TO REMOVE SUBTOTAL

● All worksheet data will be ungrouped,

and the subtotals will be removed.

To remove all groups without deleting the

subtotals, click the Ungroup command drop-
down arrow, then choose Clear Outline.
TO VIEW GROUPS BY LEVEL

When you create subtotals, your worksheet it is

divided into different levels. You can switch
among these levels to quickly control how much
information is displayed in the worksheet by
clicking the Level buttons to the left of the
worksheet.
TO VIEW GROUPS BY LEVEL

● Click the lowest level to display the least

detail.
● Click the next level to expand the detail.
● Click the highest level to view and expand all
of your worksheet data.
You can also use the Show Detail and Hide Detail
buttons to show and hide the groups within the
outline.
TO FORMAT DATA AS A TABLE:
● Select the cells you want to format as a
table. In our example, we'll select the cell
range A2:D9
● From the Home tab, click the Format as Table
command in the Styles group.
● Select a table style from the drop-down
menu.
TO FORMAT DATA AS A TABLE:
● A dialog box will appear, confirming the
selected cell range for the table.
● If your table has headers, check the box next
to My table has headers, then click OK.
● The cell range will be formatted in the
selected table style.
 CHARTS

It can be difficult to interpret Excel workbooks

that contain a lot of data. Charts allow you to
illustrate your workbook data graphically.
It can be difficult to interpret Excel workbooks
that contain a lot of data. Charts allow you to
illustrate your workbook data graphically,
TYPES OF CHARTS
● Column bars use vertical bars to represent data
● LINE charts are good for showing trends
● PIE charts makes it easy to compare proportion
● BAR charts use horizontal bars to represent data
● AREA charts are similar to LINE charts except that
the areas under the are filled in.
● SURFACE Charts allow you to display data across
a 3D landscape
,
6 TO INSERT A CHART
● Select the cells you want to chart, including the column
titles and row labels. These cells will be the source data for
the chart.
● From the Insert tab, click the desired Chart command
● Choose the desired chart type from the drop-down menu.
● The Selected chart will be inserted into the worksheet.
If you're not sure which type of chart to use, the Recommended
Charts command will suggest several charts based on the
source data.
 CONDITIONAL FORMATTING
Conditional formatting allows you to automatically
apply formatting such as colors, icons, and data bars,
to one or more cells based on the cell value. To do this,
you'll need to create a conditional formatting rule. For
example, a conditional formatting rule might be: If the
value is less than 2000, color the cell red. By applying
this rule, you'd be able to quickly see which cells contain
values less than 2000.
 TO CREATE A CONDITIONAL
FORMATTING RULE
● Select the desired cells for the conditional formatting rule.
● From the Home tab, click the Conditional Formatting
command. A drop-down menu will appear.
● Hover the mouse over the desired conditional formatting
type, then select the desired rule from the menu that
appears.
● A dialog box will appear. Enter the desired value(s) into the
blank field.
 TO CREATE A CONDITIONAL FORMATTING
RULE
● Select a formatting style from the drop-down menu.
Example choose Green Fill with Dark Green Text, then click
OK.
● The conditional formatting will be applied to the selected
cells
You can apply multiple conditional formatting rules to a cell
range or worksheet,this allows you to visualize different trends
and patterns in your data.
 TO CREATE A CONDITIONAL FORMATTING
RULE
● Select the desired cells for the conditional formatting
rule.
● From the Home tab, click the Conditional
Formatting command. A drop-down menu will
appear.
● Hover the mouse over the desired conditional
formatting type, then select the desired rule from the
menu that appears.
● A dialog box will appear. Enter the desired value(s)
into the blank field.
● Select a formatting style from the drop-down menu.
Example choose Green Fill with Dark Green Text, then
click OK.
● The conditional formatting will be applied to the
selected cells. You can apply multiple conditional
formatting rules to a cell range or worksheet,this
allows you to visualize different trends and patterns in
your data.
 PROTECTING WORKBOOK
By default, anyone with access to your workbook will be able to
open, copy, and edit its content unless you protect it. There are
several ways to protect a workbook, depending on your needs.

TO PROTECT YOUR WORKBOOK:

● Click the File tab to access Backstage view
● From the Info pane, click the Protect Workbook
command
● In the drop-down menu, choose the option that best
suits your needs, E.g select Mark as Final.
 PROTECTING WORKBOOK
● Marking your workbook as final is a good way to
discourage others from editing the workbook, while the
other options give you even more control if needed.
● A dialog box will appear, prompting you to save. Click
OK.
● Another dialog box will appear. Click OK.
● The workbook will be marked as final.
THANK YOU
POWERPOINT
 CONTENT
• GETTING STARTED WITH
POWERPOINT
• WORKING WITH SLIDE
POWERPOINT • TEXT AND OBJECT
• CUSTOMIZING
PRESENTATION
• REVIEW AND
COLLABORATING
INTRODUCTION

PowerPoint is a presentation program that allows

you to create dynamic slide presentations. These
presentations can include animation, narration,
images, videos, and much more. In this lesson,
you'll learn your way around the PowerPoint
environment, including the Ribbon, Quick Access
Toolbar, and Backstage view.
 WORKING WITH POWERPOINT
ENVIRONMENT
The Ribbon and Quick Access Toolbar are where you will find the
commands to perform common tasks in PowerPoint. Backstage
view gives you various options for saving, opening a file, printing,
and sharing your document.

THE RIBBON:PowerPoint uses a tabbed Ribbon system instead

of traditional menus. The Ribbon contains multiple tabs, each with
several groups of commands. For example, the Font group on the
Home tab contains commands for formatting text in your
document.
 THE QUICK ACCESS TOOLBAR
Located just above the Ribbon, the Quick Access
Toolbar lets you access common commands no
matter which tab is selected. By default, it includes
the Save, Undo, Redo, and Start From Beginning
commands.
 TO ADD COMMAND TO THE QUICK ACCESS
TOOLBAR
● Click the drop-down arrow to the right of the
Quick Access Toolbar.
● Select the command you want to add from the
drop-down menu. To choose from more
commands, select More Commands.
● The command will be added to the Quick Access
Toolbar.
THE RULERS, GUIDES AND GRIDLINES
PowerPoint includes several tools to help organize
and arrange content on your slides, including the
Ruler, guides, and gridlines. These tools make it
easier to align objects on your slides. Simply click the
checkboxes in the Show group on the View tab to
show and hide these tools.
 ZOOM AND OTHER VIEW OPTIONS
PowerPoint has a variety of viewing options that change how
your presentation is displayed. You can choose to view your
presentation in Normal view, Slide Sorter view, Reading view, or
Slide Show view. You can also zoom in and out to make your
presentation easier to read.
SWITCHING SLIDE VIEW:
Switching between slide views is easy. Just locate and select
the desired slide view command in the bottom-right corner of
the PowerPoint window.
 ZOOM AND OTHER VIEW OPTIONS
ZOOM IN AND OUT:
To zoom in or out, click and drag the zoom control slider in
the bottom-right corner of the PowerPoint window. You can
also select the + or - commands to zoom in or out by smaller
increments. The number next to the slider displays the
current zoom percentage, also called the zoom level.
BACKSTAGE VIEW

Backstage view gives you various options for

saving, opening, printing, and sharing your
presentations. To access Backstage view, click
the File tab on the Ribbon.
 CREATING AND OPENING PRESENTATION
PowerPoint files are called presentations. Whenever you start
a new project in PowerPoint, you'll need to create a new
presentation, which can either be blank or from a template.

TO CREATE A NEW PRESENTATION:

● Select the File tab to go to Backstage view
● Select New on the left side of the window, then click Blank
Presentation.
● A new presentation will appear.
TO SAVE A PRESENTATION
It's important to save your presentation
whenever you start a new project or make
changes to an existing one. Saving early and
often can prevent your work from being lost.
● Locate and select the Save command on the
Quick Access Toolbar.
● If you're saving the file for the first time,
the Save As pane will appear in
Backstage view.
● You'll then need to choose where to save the file
and give it a file name. Click Browse to select a
location on your computer.
● The Save As dialog box will appear. Select the
location where you want to save the
presentation.
● Enter a file name for the presentation, then click
Save.
● The presentation will be saved. You can click the
Save command again to save your changes as
you modify the presentation
SHARING PRESENTATION
● Click the File tab to access the Backstage view,
then click Share.
● PowerPoint will return to Normal view and open
the Share panel on the right side of the window.
From here, you can invite people to share your
document, see a list of who has access to the
document, and set whether they can edit or
only view the document.
 WORKING WITH SLIDES
TO INSERT A NEW SLIDE: Whenever you start a new
presentation, it will contain one slide with the Title Slide
layout. You can insert as many slides as you need from a
variety of layout
● From the Home tab, click the bottom half of the New
Slide command.
● Choose the desired slide layout from the menu that
appears.
 WORKING WITH SLIDES
● The new slide will appear. Click any placeholder and begin
typing to add text. You can also click an icon to add other
types of content, like a picture or chart.
● To change the layout of an existing slide, click the Layout
command, then choose the desired layout.
● To quickly add a slide that uses the same layout as the
selected slide, click the top half of the New Slide command.
Duplicate slides: If you want to copy and paste a slide
quickly, you can duplicate it. To duplicate slides, select the
slide you want to duplicate, right-click the mouse, and
choose Duplicate Slide from the menu that appears. You can
also duplicate multiple slides at once by selecting them first.

Move slides: It's easy to change the order of your slides.

Just click and drag the desired slide in the Slide Navigation
pane to the desired position.
Delete slides: If you want to remove a slide from your
presentation, you can delete it. Simply select the slide
you want to delete, then press the Delete or Backspace
key on your keyboard.
 TEXT BASICS
TO SELECT TEXT: Before you can move or arrange text, you'll
need to select it.
Click next to the text you want to select, drag the mouse over
the text, then release your mouse. The text will be selected.
COPYING AND MOVING TEXT: PowerPoint allows you to copy
text that is already on a slide and paste it elsewhere, which can
save you time. If you want to move text, you can cut and paste
or drag and drop the text.
 TO COPY AND PASTE TEXT

● Select the text you want to copy, then click the Copy
command on the Home tab.
● Place the insertion point where you want the text
to appear.
● Click the Paste command on the Home tab.
● The copied text will appear.
TO CUT AND PASTE:
● Select the text you want to move, then click the Cut
command.
● Place the insertion point where you want the text to
appear, then click the Paste command.
● The text will appear in the new location.
 APPLYING THEMES
In PowerPoint, themes give you a quick and easy way to
change the design of your presentation. They control
your primary color palette, basic fonts, slide layout, and
other important elements.Every PowerPoint theme—
including the default Office theme—has its own theme
elements..
These elements include:
★ Theme Colors: There are 10 theme colors, along with
darker and lighter variations, available from every
Color menu.
★ Theme Fonts: There are two theme fonts available at
the top of the Font menu under Theme Fonts.
★ Theme Effects: These affect the preset shape styles.
You can find shape styles on the Format tab
whenever you select a shape or SmartArt graphic
 TO APPLY THEME
● Select the Design tab on the Ribbon, then
locate the Themes group. Each image
represents a theme.
● Click the More drop-down arrow to see all
available themes.
● Select the desired theme.
● The theme will be applied to the entire
presentation. To apply a different theme,
simply select it from the Design tab.
 APPLY TRANSITIONS
There are three categories of unique transitions to
choose from, all of which can be found on the
Transitions tab.
★ Subtle: These are the most basic types of
transitions. They use simple animations to
move between slides.
★ Exciting: These use more complex animations
to transition between slides. While they're more
visually interesting than Subtle transitions,
 APPLY TRANSITIONS
★ Dynamic Content: If you're transitioning
between two slides that use similar slide
layouts, dynamic transitions will move only the
placeholders, not the slides themselves.
 TO APPLY A TRANSITION
● Select the desired slide from the Slide Navigation
pane.
● Click the Transitions tab, then locate the Transition
to This Slide group. By default, None is applied to
each slide
● Click the More drop-down arrow to display all
transitions.
● Click a transition to apply it to the selected slide.
This will automatically preview the transition.
TO PREVIEW A TRANSITION: You can preview the
transition for a selected slide at any time using one of
these two methods:
● Click the Preview command on the Transitions tab.
● Click the Play Animations command in the Slide
Navigation pane.
 MODIFYING TRANSITION
TO MODIFY THE TRANSITION EFFECTS: You can quickly
customize the look of a transition by changing its direction.
● Select the slide with the transition you want to modify.
● Click the Effect Options command and choose the
desired option. These options will vary depending on
the selected transition.
● The transition will be modified, and a preview of the
transition will appear.
TO MODIFY TRANSITION DURATION

● Select the slide with the transition you want

to modify.
● In the Duration field in the Timing group, enter
the desired time for the transition.
 TO ADD SOUND

● Select the slide with the transition you want to modify.

● Click the Sound drop-down menu in the Timing group.
● Click a sound to apply it to the selected slide, then preview
the transition to hear the sound.

NOTE: Sounds are best used in moderation. Applying a sound

between every slide could become overwhelming or even
annoying to an audience when presenting your slide show.
TO REMOVE TRANSITION:

● Select the slide with the transition

you want to remove.
● Choose None from the Transition to
This Slide group. The transition will
be removed.
MANAGING SLIDES

PowerPoint includes several slide views, which are all

useful for various tasks. The slide view commands are
located in the bottom-right of the PowerPoint window.
There are four main slide views.
● Normal view: This is the default view, where you
create and edit slides. You can also move slides in
the Slide Navigation pane on the left
 MANAGING SLIDES

● Slide sorter view: In this view, you'll see a thumbnail

version of each slide. You can drag and drop slides to
reorder them quickly.
● Reading view: This view fills the PowerPoint window
with a preview of your presentation. It includes easily
accessible navigation buttons at the bottom-right.
● Slide show view: This is the view you'll use to present
to an audience. This command will begin the
presentation from the current slide
 OUTLINE VIEW

Outline view shows your slide text in outline form. This

allows you to quickly edit your slide text and view the
content of multiple slides at once. You could use this
layout to review the organization of your slide show
and prepare to deliver your presentation.
TO VIEW AN OUTLINE
● From the View tab, click the Outline View
command.
● An outline of your slide text will appear in the
slide navigation pane.
● You can type directly in the outline to make
changes to your slide text.
 SLIDE NOTES
You can add notes to your slides from the Notes pane. Often
called speaker notes, they can help you deliver or prepare
for your presentation.
TO ADD NOTES:
● Click the Notes command at the bottom of the screen to
open the Notes pane.
● Click and drag the edge of the pane to resize it if desired.
● Click the Notes pane, and begin typing to add notes.
 SLIDE SECTION
If you have a lot of slides, you can organize them into
sections to make your presentation easier to navigate.
Sections can be collapsed or expanded in the Slide
Navigation pane and named for easy reference.

TO CREATE SLIDE SECTIONS:

● Select the slide where you want to begin a section.
● From the Home tab, click the Section command, then
choose Add Section from the drop-down menu.
● An Untitled Section will appear in the Slide Navigation
pane.
● To rename the section, click the Section command, then
choose Rename Section from the drop-down menu.
● Type the new section name in the dialog box, then click
Rename.
● In the Slide Navigation pane, click the arrow next to a
section name to collapse or expand it
 FIND AND REPLACE
TO FIND TEXT:
● From the Home tab, click the Find command.
● A dialog box will appear. Enter the text you want to find in
the Find what: field, then click Find Next.
● If the text is found, it will be selected.

TO REPLACE TEXT:
● From the Home tab, click the Replace command.
● A dialog box will appear. Type the text you want to find
in the Find what: field.
● Type the text you want to replace it with in the Replace
with field, then click Find Next.
● If the text is found, it will be selected. Review the text to
make sure you want to replace it.
● If you want to replace it, select one of the replace
options. Replace will replace individual instances, and
Replace All will replace every instance.
● The selected text will be replaced.
● PowerPoint will move to the next instance of the text
in the presentation. When you're finished replacing
text, click Close to exit the dialog box.
NOTE: When it comes to using Replace All, it’s important to
remember that it could find matches you didn’t anticipate
and might not actually want to change. Only use this option
if you're absolutely sure it won't replace anything you didn’t
intend it to replace.
PRINTING AND PRESENTING

There are four types of print layouts.

● Full Page Slides: This prints a full page for

each slide in your presentation.

● Notes Pages: This prints each slide, along

with any speaker notes for the slide.

 PRINTING AND PRESENTING

● Outline: This prints an overall outline of the slide

show.

● Handouts: This prints thumbnail versions of each

slide, with optional space for notes. This layout is
especially useful if you want to give your audience
a physical copy of the presentation.
TO ACCESS THE PRINT PANE
● Select the File tab. Backstage view will appear.
● Select Print. The Print pane will appear.

TO PRINT A PRESENTATION
● Select the File tab. Backstage view will appear.
● Select Print. The Print pane will appear.
● Choose the desired printer and print range.
● Chose the desired print layout and color settings.
● When you're done modifying the settings, click Print.
PRESENTING SLIDE SHOW
TO START A SLIDE SHOW
● Click the Start From Beginning command on the Quick
Access Toolbar, or press the F5 key at the top of your
keyboard
● Select the Slide Show view command at the bottom of
the PowerPoint window to begin a presentation from
the current slide.
● Go to the Slide Show tab on the Ribbon to access
additional options.
.
TO STOP A SLIDE SHOW
You can exit presentation mode by pressing the Esc key on
your keyboard. You can also click the Slide Show Options
button in the bottom-left and select End Show
 TEXT AND OBJECTS
TO MODIFY THE BULLETS STYLE:
● Select an existing list you want to format.
● On the Home tab, click the Bullets drop-down
arrow.
● Select the desired bullet style from the menu that
appears.
● The bullet style will appear in the list.
TO MODIFY A NUMBERED LIST:

● Select an existing list you want to format.

● On the Home tab, click the Numbering drop-
down arrow.
● Select the desired numbering option from the
menu that appears.
● The numbering style will appear in the list.
 TO CHANGE THE STARTING NUMBER

By default, numbered lists count from the number 1.

However, sometimes you may want to start counting
from a different number, like if the list is a
continuation from a previous slide.
● Select an existing numbered list.
● On the Home tab, click the Numbering drop-
down arrow.
● Select Bullets and Numbering from the menu that
appears.
● A dialog box will appear. In the Start At the field,
enter the desired starting number.
● The list numbering will change.
MODIFYING THE LIST’S APPEARANCE
Whether you're using a bulleted or numbered list,
you may want to change its appearance by
adjusting the size and color of the bullets or
numbers.

TO MODIFY THE SIZE AND COLOR

● Select an existing bulleted list.
● On the Home tab, click the Bullets drop-down
arrow.
● Select Bullets and Numbering from the menu
that appears.
● A dialog box will appear. In the Size field, set
the bullet size.
● Click the Color drop-down box and select a
color.
● Click OK. The list will update to show the new
bullet size and color.
INDENTS AND LINE SPACING
Indenting helps to format the layout of text so it
appears more organized on your slide. The fastest way
to indent is to use the Tab key.
● To indent using the Tab key: Place the insertion
point at the very beginning of the line you want to
indent, then press the Tab key.
● To indent using the Indent commands: Place the
insertion point at the very beginning of the line you
want to indent. From the Home tab, select the
Increase List Level command.
INDENTING LISTS AND PARAGRAPH
Indenting will give different results, depending on
whether you are working with a list or paragraph.
Paragraph: Indenting the first line of a paragraph
using the Tab key creates a first-line indent. This
helps to separate paragraphs from each other.
List: Indenting a line of a list creates a multilevel list.
This means the indented line is a subtopic of the line
above it. Multilevel lists are useful if you want to
create an outline or hierarchy.
ADJUSTING INDENTS
Sometimes you may want to adjust the indents in
your presentations. You can do this by moving the
indent markers on the Ruler. By default, the Ruler is
hidden, so you'll first need to show the Ruler.

TO SHOW THE RULER:

● Select the View tab on the Ribbon.
● In the Show group, check the box next to
Ruler. The Ruler will appear.
 INDENT MAKERS
Indent markers are located to the left of the horizontal ruler,
and they provide several indentation options.
● First-line indent marker: This adjusts the first line of a
paragraph.
● Hanging indent marker: This adjusts every line of a
paragraph except for the first line.
● Left indent marker: This moves both the first-line indent
and hanging indent markers at the same time, indenting all
lines in a paragraph.
INDENT USING INDENT MARKERS:
● Place the insertion point anywhere in the paragraph where
you want to indent, or select one or more paragraphs
● Go to the desired indent marker.
● Click and drag the indent marker as needed. When you're
done, the selected text will be indented.
LINE SPACING

PowerPoint allows you to adjust the amount of space

between each line in a list or paragraph.
TO FORMAT LINE SPACING:
● Select the text you want to format.
● On the Home tab, locate the Paragraph group,
click the Line Spacing command, then select the
desired line spacing option from the menu.
● The line spacing will be adjusted.
 INSERTING PICTURES

● Select the Insert tab, then click the Pictures command in

the Images group.
● A dialog box will appear. Locate and select the desired
image file, then click Insert.
● The picture will appear on the currently selected slide.
FORMATTING PICTURES
TO CROP AN IMAGE:
● Select the image you want to crop.The Format tab
appears.
● On the Format tab, click the Crop command
● Cropping handles will appear around the image. Click
and drag one of the handles to crop the image
● Click the Crop command again. The image will be
cropped.
 SHAPES
Shapes are a great way to make your presentations
more interesting.
TO INSERT A SHAPES:
● Select the Insert tab, then click the Shapes
command in the Illustrations group. A drop-
down menu of shapes will appear.
● Select the desired shape.
● Click and drag in the desired location to add
the shape to the slide.
ALIGNING, GROUPING AND ORDERING OBJECTS
In PowerPoint, each slide may have multiple items, such
as pictures, shapes, and text boxes. You can arrange the
objects the way you want by aligning, ordering, grouping,
and rotating them in various ways
TO ALIGN TWO OR MORE OBJECTS:
● Select the objects you want to align. To select multiple
objects at once, hold the Shift key while you click. The
Format tab will appear.
● From the Format tab, click the Align command, then
select Align Selected Objects.
● Click the Align command again, then select one of
the six alignment options.
● The objects will align based on the option you
selected.
GROUPING OBJECTS
You may want to group multiple objects into one
object so they will stay together if they are moved or
resized. This is often easier than selecting all of the
objects each time you want to move them.

TO GROUP OBJECTS:
● Select the objects you want to align. To select
multiple objects at once, hold the Shift key while
you click. The Format tab will appear.
● From the Format tab, click the Group command,
then select Group.
● The selected objects will now be grouped. There will
be a single box with sizing handles around the
entire group to show that they are one group. You
can now move or resize all of the objects at once.
 ORDERING OBJECTS
When objects are inserted into a slide, they are placed on
levels according to the order in which they were inserted into
the slide

TO CHANGE THE ORDERING BY ONE LEVEL

● Select an object. The Format tab will appear.
● From the Format tab, click the Bring Forward or Send
Backward command to change the object's ordering by
one level. If there are multiple objects on the slide, you
may need to click the command several times to
achieve the desired ordering.
● The objects will reorder.
TO BRING AN OBJECT TO THE FRONT OR BACK: If you want
to move an object behind or in front of several objects, it's
usually faster to bring it to front or send it to back instead
of clicking the ordering commands multiple times.
● Select an object.
● From the Format tab, click the Bring Forward or
Send Backward drop-down arrow.
● From the drop-down menu, select Bring to Front
or Send to Back.
● The objects will reorder.
 ANIMATING TEXT AND OBJECTS
THE FOUR TYPES OF ANIMATION: There are several
animation effects you can choose from, and they are
organized into four types.

● Entrance: These control how the object enters the slide.

● Emphasis: These animations occur while the object is
on the slide, often triggered by a mouse click.
● Exit: These control how the object exits the slide.
● Motion Paths: These are similar to Emphasis effects,
except the object moves within the slide along a
predetermined path, like a circle
TO APPLY ANIMATION TO AN OBJECT
● Select the object you want to animate
● On the Animations tab, click the More drop-down
arrow in the Animation group.
● A drop-down menu of animation effects will
appear. Select the desired effect.
● The effect will apply to the object. The object will
have a small number next to it to show that it has
an animation.
TO REMOVE ANIMATION
● Select the small number located next to the
animated object.
● Press the Delete key. The animation will be
deleted.
INSERTING VIDEOS AND AUDIO
TO INSERT VIDEO FROM A FILE
● From the Insert tab, click the Video drop-down
arrow, then select Video on My PC.
● Locate and select the desired video file, then click
Insert.
● The video will be added to the slide.

TO DELETE A VIDEO
Select the video you want to delete, then press
the Backspace or Delete key on your keyboard.
TO INSERT AUDIO FROM A FILE
● From the Insert tab, click the Audio drop-down arrow,
then select Audio on My PC.
● Locate and select the desired audio file, then click
Insert.
● The audio file will be added to the slide.

TO RECORD AUDIO
● From the Insert tab, click the Audio drop-down arrow,
then select Record Audio.
● Type a name for the audio recording if you want.
● Click the Record button to start recording.
● When you're finished recording, click the
Stop button.
● To preview your recording, click the Play
button.
● When you're done, click OK. The audio file will
be inserted into the slide.
 MODIFYING THEME

TO SELECT NEW THEME FONT

● From the Design tab, click the drop-down arrow in the
Variants group and select Fonts.
● Select the desired theme fonts.
● The presentation will update to show the new theme
fonts.
 SLIDE MASTER VIEW
You can use Slide Master view to change just about anything
in your presentation, but here are some of its most common
uses.
Modify backgrounds: Slide Master view makes it easy to
customize the background for all of your slides at the same
time.
Customize text formatting: Instead of changing the text
color on each slide individually, you could use the Slide
Master to change the text color on all slides at once.
 SLIDE MASTER VIEW

Rearrange placeholders: If you find that you often rearrange

the placeholders on each slide, you can rearranging them in
Slide Master view instead.
Create unique slide layouts: If you want to create a
presentation that looks different from regular Poweroint
themes, you could use Slide Master view to create your own
layouts.
 SHARING PRESENTATION
TO SHARE PRESENTATION
● Select share on the top right corner of your screen.
● Enter the name or email addresses of the people you
intend to share with
● Select the drop-down to change permission, allow Editing
is default you can change to view only and select apply.
● Include a message if you want and select send
● You can create a link that can be sent to an email by
selecting Get a Link
THANK YOU
COLLABORATION
TOOLS
 • Introduction
• Collaboration work
(advantages/
disadvantages
• Types of collaboration
Content • Enterprise collaboration tools
• Teamwork
• Collaboration tools for team
communication
• Collaboration tools for
project management
• Secure collaboration tools
 INTRODUCTION

Collaborative work is about people working together to

achieve a common goal. This is facilitated by the
development of new technologies. Collaborative work
remained fairly simple.

There are a lot of collaborations tools that are used for

● Content Creation
● Project Management
● Content sharing and Document Management
There are a lot of collaborations tools that are used for

● Content Creation
● Project Management
● Content sharing and Document Management
● Corporate Social Network.
● Contact Management.
● Team Communication
 ADVANTAGES OF COLLABORATION
Flexibility: Companies and employees are more
flexible. The technologies that support collaboration
make it possible to easily communicate and exchange
information no matter the place or time.

Mobility: Most companies implement project teams

that do not work in the same place or even at the
same time;. In-person meetings are replaced by video
conferences. This type of meeting reduces costs by
limiting travel costs
Skills and motivation: Companies project teams can work
with the most competent people of their choices because
technology compensates for the geographical separation.

document sharing: Teams save time by sharing documents

over a secure platform; and versioning ensure everyone is
working on the latest version of a document - this help work
not to be repeated.

Increased productivity: Collaborators tend to be more

efficient when the companies they work for use modern
collaboration tools.
 DISADVANTAGE

Security: Data shared with too many collaborators can

prove to be a threat. Sensitive business data must remain
under control and cannot be disclosed outside the
organization. Customer information, company figures and
tariffs are examples of data that need to be protected.

Work-life balance: Another potential issue is people

overworking and blurring the lines between their personal
time and work hours.
 DISADVANTAGE

Productivity: The loss of human touch can be detrimental

if taken to an extreme. Productivity is lost If everything
needs to be entered into a system
 TYPES OF COLLABORATION TOOLS

Decision-making tools help organize ideas in graphic

form.

There are many tools that organizations can acquire to

assist with collaboration. Google offers document sharing
with Google Docs and allows employees to chat and
communicate via Google hangout. Microsoft offers
outlook messaging for emails, Skype conversations, and a
space for sharing OneDrive documents.
Calendar sharing tools: The shared calendar
facilitates organization’s appointments and meetings
without the need to consult all participants. Types of
Calendar tool;

● Google Calendar
● Calendly
File sharing tools: File sharing tools allow you to
transfer files, distribute them and give access to them.
Shared files can be; software, books, videos,
documents, etc. Types of file sharing tools.
● Citrix ShareFile.
● Dropbox.
● Google Drive.
● iCloud Drive.
● Microsoft OneDrive.
Document synchronization: Document synchronization
aims at matching two documents. This means that any
modification, addition or deletion of a document in a
directory will also be effective in the second directory. This
way, employees have the latest version and the
information remains the same everywhere. The two
documents remain exactly identical.

Different software for Document Sync;

● OneDrive
● Google Drive
● Goodsync
Video-conferencing: A method of communicating with a
live, visual connection by means of a video with multiple
people across multiple locations. In-person meetings can
be replaced with video conferences so the team can still
get the “feeling” of seeing each other as they
communicate.
Example;

● Zoom
● Google Meet
● Streamyard
● Google hangout
 ENTERPRISE COLLABORATION TOOLS
The leading software vendors like Microsoft and Google
offer packages that combine multiple solutions to work
together. Ready-to-use solutions such as Asana, Atlassian
Confluence, IBM Workplace, Slack or Box allow organizations
to maximize employee productivity by offering a complete
or customized collaboration platform.

Collaborative project management: Collaborative project

management makes it possible to plan, coordinate, monitor
and manage complex projects carried out by team.
 ENTERPRISE COLLABORATION TOOLS

Tools for sharing applications and resources: Project team

members can work on the same document, work remotely
and online or on the same system. These enterprise
systems offer the option to manipulate documents online
so that all employees have access to information.
Information and knowledge management tools:
Projects are divided among collaborators but the tasks
are interconnected and notifications are sent to the
concerned persons. The notification system allows teams
to save time by being instantly informed of activity
progress.
Coordination tools: These tools help to include project
team members in the planning and monitoring phases
of projects and to link them to each other by providing
them with information. Project team members can use
the software to create invoices, track budgets and
progress, view their tasks, evaluate deadlines, and
analyze past time sheets.
 TEAMWORK
Teamwork is the process of selflessly working
collaboratively with others to achieve
organizational goals.

Ways to work as a team

● Know your team members
● Agree on a team mission
● Promote sharing
● Map goals and timelines
● Ensure clear communication
TEAMWORK

Examples of teamwork skills

● Communication
● Responsibility
● Active listener
● Collaboration
COLLABORATION TOOLS FOR TEAM
COMMUNICATION
Communication helps in simultaneous work, it
increases collaboration, stimulate real time feedback.
Tools :
1. Slack: Slack is a popular and well-crafted
platform offering instant messaging, file transfers
and powerful message search. It has many
features and dozens of integrations with other
tools like Trello and Intercom.
COLLABORATION TOOLS FOR TEAM
COMMUNICATION
1. Google Meet: Meet is a video conferencing tool
that allows it users to schedule meeting and
share their screen.
2. Zoom: This is web conferencing platform for audio
and video conferencing.
3. Microsoft Teams:: This is a microsoft
collaboration app that help teammates to stay
organize and work from any device.
 COLLABORATION TOOLS FOR PROJECT
MANAGEMENT

Project management tools are critical. It help team

members coordinate effectively and monitor task
progress or keep track of objectives.
TOOLS
1. Asana: This is one of the most well-known project
management tools, Asana allows users to assign
tasks to other members, add followers to projects
and monitor deadlines.
1. Dapulse: Is a collaboration tool that helps you
communicate, set objectives and assign tasks. it
has a great visual design so it’s easy to
understand and work with.
2. ProofHub: This is a work management tool that
offers a comprehensive suite of collaboration
and project management functions. On this
platform, you can organize files, plan and monitor
projects and discuss with colleagues and
stakeholders.
 SECURE COLLABORATION TOOLS
Document sharing and collaboration can put
organizations and their customers data at security
risk, from accidental release of information with the
wrong person to problems created by incorrect
lifecycle management.
 SECURE COLLABORATION TOOLS
For this reasons Organizations must enforce;

● Team wide and organization wide two way factor

authentication
● Encryption in transit and at rest
● Malware Detection and analysis
● Customizable policies
● Message Analytics
● Scalable Technologies
THANK YOU