Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Básicas

Departamento de Ciencias Básicas

Project : Energy Monitor

Mariana Molina.

mmolinab @ libertadores.edu.co

Professor: Camilo Andres Mendivelso Fajardo

August 2024
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monitoring systems, and applications where control and

Keywords- Energy monitor, ESP32, IoT (Internet of optimization of energy consumption are critical.
Things), Voltage measurement, Current
measurement,Monitoring platform,Current sensors, Wi-Fi Technical Characteristics
connectivity, Data transmission, ADC (Analog to Digital
Converter), Graphic interface, Embedded systems. The PZEM-004T sensor offers a set of robust features for the
measurement of electrical parameters in alternating current
I. INTRODUCTION. (AC) circuits. The main technical specifications are detailed
below:
In the context of an increasingly digitized world, monitoring
energy consumption is essential for efficient resource Measurement Range:
management. This project proposes the development of an
energy monitor. ● Voltage: 0-300V AC
● Current: 0-100A (depending on the Current
Transformer (CT) used)
● Active Power: 0-22kW
II. OBJECTIVES. ● Energy: 0-9999 kWh
● Frequency: 45-65Hz
General Objective.
● Power Factor: 0.00-1.00
To measure and record electric energy consumption,
Communication Interface:
allowing users to make informed decisions to optimize
energy use. ● The sensor uses a UART interface for serial
communication, allowing data to be sent to
Specific Objectives.
microcontrollers or monitoring systems.
● Energy Measurement: Obtain data on voltage, ● It implements the Modbus RTU protocol, which
current and power consumed by a device or a facilitates its integration into more complex
complete circuit. monitoring device networks.
● Data Transmission: Send the measured data to a
Power supply:
platform .
● Alerts and Notifications System: Implement a ● The device requires a 5V DC power supply.
system that notifies users about anomalies in energy
consumption, such as power peaks or overloads. Applications and Use

III. COMPONENTS AND TOOLS The PZEM-004T is ideal for various energy monitoring
applications, excelling in the following areas:
The following components and tools are used to carry out the
project: ● Real-Time Energy Consumption Monitoring:
This sensor is capable of providing accurate and
● PZEM-004T sensor up-to-date data on energy consumption, which is
● Wiring critical for cost control and energy efficiency.
● Protoboard ● Home Automation Systems: In home automation
projects, the PZEM-004T allows the monitoring and
IV. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK.
control of electrical devices, contributing to the
The PZEM-004T is a widely used sensor in energy optimization of energy use in the home.
monitoring applications, enabling accurate measurement of ● Small Scale Industrial Applications: Although its
essential electrical parameters. This device is especially use in large-scale industrial applications may be
valued in home automation projects, small-scale industrial limited, the PZEM-004T is suitable for monitoring
and control systems in small installations..
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V. IoT Technology in Energy Monitoring VI. ALERTS AND NOTIFICATIONS

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a technological paradigm that Alerts will be implemented to notify the user in case
anomalies in energy consumption are detected:
connects physical objects to the internet, allowing them to
communicate with each other and with end users. In the ● Peak Power: The system can detect and alert on
sudden increases in consumed power, indicating
context of energy monitoring, IoT devices, such as the
possible equipment failure or inefficient use.
ESP32, enable the collection of real-time data on energy ● Excessive Consumption: If a predefined
consumption, its processing, and the transmission of this data consumption threshold is exceeded, a notification is
sent to prevent overloads.
to cloud platforms for analysis and visualization. ● Consumption history: Periodic reports on total
consumption over a period of time can be sent.
The integration of IoT technologies in energy monitoring
(prone to change)
offers several advantages:
VII. DIAGRAMS
● Remote Monitoring: Energy consumption data can
be accessed from anywhere with an internet
connection, facilitating remote energy monitoring
and management.
● Automation: IoT systems can automate responses
based on energy data, such as shutting down devices
in case of overload, or regulating consumption
based on demand.
● Optimization and Efficiency: Collecting and
analyzing large volumes of energy consumption
data allows users to identify energy saving
opportunities and optimize resource use.

VII. MICROCONTROLLERS IN IOT SYSTEMS:

ESP32

The ESP32 is a low-cost microcontroller developed by

Espressif Systems, which includes Wi-Fi and Bluetooth [FIGURE 1] CONNECTION DIAGRAM
connectivity, and a number of advanced features that make it
ideal for IoT projects. Some of the outstanding features of
the ESP32 are:

● Wi-Fi and Bluetooth connectivity: Enables

wireless communication with other devices and
cloud platforms, facilitating data transmission and
remote control.
● Dual-Core Processor: Provides robust processing
power, enabling the execution of complex tasks in
parallel.
● ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter): Facilitates
the conversion of analog signals (such as current
and voltage sensors) into digital data that the
microcontroller can process.
● Low Power Consumption: Includes low power
modes that are useful in battery-powered
applications.

The ESP32 is especially suited for energy monitoring

projects due to its ability to handle multiple analog inputs
and to communicate efficiently with cloud platforms for data
storage and analysis. [FIGURE 2] NETWORK DIAGRAM
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XII. REFERENCES

Kurniawan, A. (2018). Internet of Things Projects with

ESP32. Packt Publishing.

Smith, J. A., & Brown, L. M. (2020). Real-time energy

monitoring systems in smart homes using IoT technologies.
Journal of Energy Management, 45(3), 212-225.

Tomado de : [ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jem.2020.03.012 ]

Jones, M. (2021, June 15). How ESP32 is revolutionizing

IoT-based energy monitoring. IoT World Today.

Tomado de :
[https://www.iotworldtoday.com/articles/esp32-iot-energy-m
onitoring ]

Espressif Systems. (2019). ESP32 technical reference

manual (Version 4.3). Espressif Systems.

Tomado de :
[https://www.espressif.com/sites/default/files/documentation/
esp32_technical_reference_manual_en.pdf ]

Rodríguez, C., & González, P. (2019). Energy efficiency and

sustainability through IoT: A case study with ESP32. En
Proceedings of the International Conference on Smart Grids
and Green IT Systems (pp. 58-64).

Tomado de : [https://doi.org/10.5220/0007696300580064 ]

ThingSpeak. (2022). Getting started with ThingSpeak for

IoT projects. MathWorks.

Tomado de : [ https://thingspeak.com/docs/gettingstarted ]