International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews Vol (2) Issue (8) (2021) Page 419-423

International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews

Journal homepage: www.ijrpr.com ISSN 2582-7421

An Energy Monitoring System Using IOT

1
Mr.S.Muthukumar, 2Mrs.W.Sherinmary, 3Gokul R , 4Manoj Kumar V, 5 Sambath Kumar K

1
Asst.Professor, Department of ECE, Adithya Institute of Technology, Coimbatore ,India, muthukumar_s@gmail.com
2
Asst.Professor, Department of ECE, Adithya Institute of Technology, Coimbatore ,India, sherinmary_w@gmail.com
3
UG Scholar, Department of ECE, Adithya Institute of Technology, Coimbatore ,India, gokul.r@gmail.com
4
UG Scholar, Department of ECE, Adithya Institute of Technology, Coimbatore ,India, manojkumar.v@gmail.com
5
UG Scholar, Department of ECE, Adithya Institute of Technology, Coimbatore ,India, sambathkumar.k@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Electricity plays a cardinal role in our day to day life. India is the third largest consumer of electricity China and USA with 5.5% global share as per statistics in 2016.
The per person energy use rate in India is closer to 0.7 KW. India’s share with global energy demand will rise to 9% by 2035. Electricity is one of the most basic
requirements for our living. Without energy, life is almost paralyzed. In our project we have designed and implemented a low-cost IoT energy monitoring system
which can help understand energy usage levels and can limit the wastage of energy. This system can be used in many applications, such as electricity billing system,
energy management in smart grid and home automation. Experimental results confirmed that the developed power monitoring system can successfully measure
voltage, current, power and power factor. Internet of Things (IoT) is an emerging field and IoT based devices have created a revolution in electronics and IT. The
foremost objective of this project is to create awareness about energy consumption and its efficient use.

Keywords— IOT (Internet of things); power monitoring; electricity billing; energy consumption; home automation

INTRODUCTION

Severe Electricity pricing can motivate organizations to reduce energy use. The key to reducing electricity bills is to provide customers with a better
understanding of when and where electricity is consumed, a key benefit of smart power meters. The energy usage data from these devices can also be used to
improve the facility and limit the loss of energy. The installation of power meters helps residential customers to have an understanding of energy usage in
home. Wireless displays in these power meters can display real time costs of energy usage and can help customers to budget th e energy usage. Organizations
can choose among many ways to reduce energy costs. Using power meters to detect power transients occurring in an event of start or stop of a device is
relevant in this study of smart power meters. Start and stop information is used to calculate the operation time and duration. This data can be used in for
scheduling of heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) to optimize energy usage of the organization.

PROJECT OBJETIVE

The proposes system implements a low-cost IoT energy monitoring system which can help understand energy usage levels and can limit the wastage of
energy. Figure-3.1 represents the block diagram of the proposed system. This system can be used in many applications, such as electricity billing system,
energy management in smart grid and home automation. Experimental results confirmed that the developed power monitoring system can successfully
measure voltage, current, power and power factor. Internet of Things (IoT) is an emerging field and IoT based devices have cr eated a revolution in
electronics and IT. The foremost objective of this project is to create awareness about energy consumption and its efficient use. The proposed system can
show a visual illustration of the facts that make it easy to deal with any kind of device problems
420 International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews Vol (2) Issue (8) (2021) Page 419-423

PROPOSED SYSTEM

The design is based on a low-cost PZEM-004T, using non-invasive CT sensors, for retrieving data from sensor nodes and sending data to server via internet.

• BLOCK DIAGRAM

L1 L2 L3 N
PZEM-004t
Voltage
Sensor
Current Circuit
ESP-32 Board Cloud
PZEM-004t
Voltage UART CPU
Sensor (Dual-core
Analog Mux System)
Current Circuit
WiFi

PZEM-004t
Voltage
Sensor
Current Circuit

• HARDWARE IMPLEMENTATION
This section provides the detailed design of the hardware used for prototyping. The complete hardware prototype is developed and implemented
using ESP-32 development board. A Hardware prototype was built using ESP-32 Development and Sensor kit (PZEM-004t) as shown

ESP-32 Board

CPU Peripherals & Cloud

(Dual-core GPIO
PZEM-004t System)

Sensor Circuit UART WiFi

Internal Architecture Of Our Proposed System

PZEM-004T ECG Sensor

The wiring information of the PZEM is shown below Figure-4.13. The PZEM004T will return "-1" to everything unless it is connected to power on both
sides. That means GND and 5V DC on the data side and 80V-260V AC on the measuring side
Data side connection is achieved through software serial port. This because most Arduinos come with only one hardware serial and its shared with the
upload / serial monitor. Power is enabled by connecting the red wire on the data side to your 5V on the Arduino and the black wire on the data side to your
GND.If the Arduino is 3.3V we can use either of the 2 methods Power the data side with an external 5V power supply a nd (if needed) use a logic converter
to shift the serial signal voltage or replace R17 (resistor located just below the serial port) with a 510 Ohm resistor which enables the PZEM004T to operate
at 3.3 Volts.
421 International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews Vol (2) Issue (8) (2021) Page 419-423

PZEM
OUR PROTOTYPE
The developed hardware prototype using ESP-32 board, sensor (PZEM-004T )and signal acquisition circuit is shown in Figure

Prototype developed using ESP-32 board

• SOFTWARE IMPLEMENTATION
The developed hardware prototype was programmed using C/C++ Language. The Software implementation of this framework includes libraries, which
provide building blocks for the design. The work-flow details of the software implementation are discussed in the following sections use a software
development kit (SDK) provided by Espressif or one of the platforms listed on WiKiPedia. Fortunately, the amazing ESP32 community recently took the
IDE selection a step further by creating an Arduino add-on. The complete program for the proposed architecture was written using C/C++ languageArduino
is fundamentally a C/C++ environment, while Processing's underlying language is Java.TheArduino Integrated Development Environment - or Arduino
Software (IDE) contains a text editor for writing code, a message area, a text console, a toolbar with buttons for common functions and a series of menus. It
connects to the Arduino and ESP-32 hardware to upload programs and communicate with them.

• Program Execution flow

The execution flow start with acquiring Voltage (V) and Current (I) samples, determines the power consumption and then send t he data to web server
(cloud) is represented in the flowchart shown in Figure
422 International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews Vol (2) Issue (8) (2021) Page 419-423

START

Initialize UART and Wifi

Transceiver module

Acquire the Line Voltages(V) and

Current(I) from sensor

Calculate the Power

Consumption

Send all sensor data to web

server (cloud) through WiFi

Wait for one Minute (Delay)

CONCLUSION

We have implemented our project on an IoT-based embedded platform using ESP-32 development board PZEM 004. This developed IoT device
measures the voltage, current, power and energy of a three-phase four-line power line in a home or small office. This was a low-cost IoT device comprising
of three electrical energy sensor modules, a microcontroller and a serial-to-wifi module. The IoT device was tested for collecting data to support efficient
energy management over a whole week and found to be well working since smoothly yielding reliable data.

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