Name: _____________________________________________________ Date: ___/___/___ Period: ____

Mendelian Genetics: Alleles and Genotypes

1. Circle the alleles below that are dominant alleles and draw a square around the recessive alleles.

D e k L N n R s G g

2. For each of these genes, give the genotype that would be homozygous dominant (HD), heterozygous (He),
and homozygous recessive (hr).

Y → HD: ____ He: ____ hr: ____ Q → HD: ____ He: ____ hr: ____ E → HD: ____ He: ____ hr: ____

M → HD: ____ He: ____ hr: ____ F → HD: ____ He: ____ hr: ____ G → HD: ____ He: ____ hr: ____

3. For each genotype below, indicate whether it is heterozygous (He) or homozygous (Ho).

AA _____ cc ____ ee _____ GG _____ Ii _____

Bb _____ Dd ____ FF _____ Hh _____ Jj _____

4. Circle the genotypes in which the dominant gene will be produced. Place a square around genotypes
where the recessive gene will be produced.

AA BB cc dd Ee FF gg Hh ii JJ

5. For each of the genotypes below determine what phenotypes would be possible.
Purple flowers are dominant to white flowers. Curly Hair in cats is recessive to straight hair.
PP __________________ BB ________________
Pp __________________ Bb ________________
pp __________________ bb ________________
6. For each phenotype below, list the genotypes. Choose your own letter for each set.
Round seeds are dominant to constricted Green pea plant seeds are recessive to yellow
____ Round _____ yellow
____ Round _____ yellow
____ Constricted _____ green

7. Read each scenario carefully and give an answer in percent:

a. What is the chance a heterozygous parent passes on a recessive allele? _____
b. What is the chance a heterozygous parent passes on a dominant allele? _____
c. What is the chance a homozygous recessive parent passes on a dominant allele? _____
d. What is the chance a homozygous recessive parent passes on a recessive allele? _____
e. What is the chance a homozygous dominant parent passes on a dominant allele? _____
f. What is the chance a homozygous dominant parent passes on a recessive allele? _____

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 Monohybrid Cross Problems
For the following problems, SHOW ALL OF YOUR WORK. For each cross, be sure to give the genotype(s) of the
parents and the resulting genotype(s) and phenotype(s) of the offspring. For consistency, all probabilities
should be expressed as percentages (e.g. 50% homozygous dominant, 50% heterozygous).

8. The gene for tall (A) is dominant over dwarf (a) in the garden pea plant
used by Mendel. A pea plant that comes from a line of true-breeding tall
plants is crossed with a dwarf pea plant. What are the phenotype(s) and
genotype(s) of the F1 generation?

9. Two plants from the F1 generation from the last problem were crossed. What are the genotype(s) and
phenotype(s) ratios of the offspring?

10. The gene for flower color for pea plants codes for two types of flower color, purple and white flowers. You
do a test cross between a purple and white flower. Half of the 18 flowers in the next generation were
white and the other half were purple. What is the genotype of the purple and white flower in the P
generation? What are the genotypes of the purple flowers in the F1 generation?

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 Mendelian Genetics: Independent Assortment Problems
11. For each genotype listed, what type(s) of gametes will be produced? (Assume independent assortment
occurs before gametes form.)

● AABB ________________________ • AaBB ________________________

● Aabb ________________________ • AaBb ________________________

12. Assume that you now study a third gene having alleles C and c. For each genotype, what type(s) of
gametes will be produced?

● AABBCC ________________________ • AaBBcc ________________________

● AaBbCc __________________________________________________________________

13. The cells below are currently in Metaphase I. Draw the chromosomes splitting during Meiosis I and Meiosis
II in each cell. Make sure to use the correct colors.

Meiosis I
Meiosis I

Meiosis II
Meiosis II

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 Mendelian Genetics: Dihybrid Cross
Cross a heterozygous parent (AaBb) with a heterozygous parent (AaBb). Answer the following questions
about the ratios from the dihybrid Punnett square. Set up a dihybrid Punnett square using the data below:
● Dominant allele for yellow peas in pea plants = A
● Recessive allele for green peas in pea plants = a
● Dominant allele for smooth surface in pea plants = B
● Recessive allele for wrinkled surface in pea plants = b

14. What are ALL of the genotypes for each of the following types of pea plants?

a. Yellow and Smooth: ____________________________

b. Yellow and Wrinkled: ___________________________

c. Green and Smooth: ____________________________

d. Green and Wrinkled: ___________________________

15. What is the ratio and probability for each phenotype below?

a. Yellow and Smooth - Ratio: _______ Probability: _______

b. Yellow and Wrinkled - Ratio: _______ Probability: _______

c. Green and Smooth - Ratio: _______ Probability: _______

d. Green and Wrinkled - Ratio: _______ Probability: _______

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 Mendelian Genetics: Product and Sum Rules
Directions: For each of the following problems, calculate the probability of the offspring between the cross
using the sum and product rule. For these problems, try not creating a di or trihybrid Punnett squares.
16. The parent generation have genotypes of Aa and Aa. What is the probability the F1 generation would be
aa?

17. The parent generation have genotypes of Aa Bb and Aa bb. What is the probability the F1 generation
would be aa Bb?

18. The parent generation have genotypes of Aa Bb Cc and AA Bb CC. What is the probability the F1
generation would be AA bb cc?

19. The parent generation have genotypes of AA Bb CC Dd and Aa bb Cc dd. What is the probability the F1
generation would be Aa bb Cc dd or AA bb Cc dd?

20. The parent generation have genotypes of Aa Bb cc DD and Aa Bb cc dd. What is the probability the F1
generation would be Aa bb cc Dd?

21. The parent generation have genotypes of Aa Bb Cc dd Ee and Aa bb Cc Dd ee. What is the probability the
F1 generation would be aa Bb Cc Dd Ee?