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PRINCIPLES-OF-DESIGN

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43 views35 pages

PRINCIPLES-OF-DESIGN

Uploaded by

Nj Lamtocon
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PRINCIPLES

OF
DESIGN
Designing is the process of combining known
components in different ways to create new
products or effects.

Principles of Design are guidelines for the use of


the elements of design to create attractive
garments, different forms of expression in an artistic
manner.
Principles of Design include:

1. Harmony

2. Balance

3. Rhythm

4. Emphasis

5. Proportion
1. Unity/ Harmony

➢ Unity is also called harmony in design. It is a


pleasing visual unity, the relationship among all
parts within a whole design. When a design has
unity, it gives an overall impression, a feeling of
belongingness to the composition that attracts
and holds the attention of the observer and gives
a balanced look to the design.
(a) Unity in clothing design

Harmony between shape and form is


necessary for a good design. The agreement among
functional, structural and decorative design level is
essential in order to have harmony in the garment
design.
2. Balance

Balance means pose, equilibrium, stability and


security. The average human body is visually
symmetrical which mean that the body seems to be
same on each side of a central line. When important
details or decorations are designed for a dress, they
should be grouped in such a way that there seems
to be equal interest or weight on each side of an
imaginary center of the garment.
BALANCE

FORMAL INFORMAL RADIAL


a. Formal balance
➢ It is also called symmetrical balance. Formal.
Balance occurs when object appears to equalize
each other by repetition and arranged at equi-
distance from the centre. Symmetrical balance is
mirror image balance that occurs when identical
objects are equidistant from a center point. It is
easier and safe to create but may not be as
interesting as informal balance.
b. Informal Balance

Informal balance occurs when objects or elements


of design are arranged on either side of a center are
equal but not identical in all aspects.
c. Radial Balance

Radial balance occurs when the major parts of the


design radiate from a central point. Pleats, seams,
gathers, darts, or motifs radiate from the focal point
creating a sunburst effect. This type of balance is
found frequently in necklines.
3. Rhythm

Rhythm is an important principle of art created by


repeated use of the design. It has a feeling of
organized movement as the arrangement of the
design elements makes the eye move easily over the
apparel areas. Though repetition of pattern is
required, it is not always very essential to obtain.
(a) Rhythm through repetition

Repetition or regular repeats of motifs of design,


shapes, buttons, tucks, pleats, laces, edgings, color,
textures, fabric designs etc.
(b) Rhythm through progression

Rhythm is also created by progression or by


gradation. Gradation implies a gradual increase or
decrease of similar design elements. A gradual
change generally provides continuity, giving a feeling
of movement.
(c) Rhythm through transition

Transition is the process of changing from one style,


condition, position, etc. to another without any
break point during modification. The curved lines of
transition cause the eye to change direction
gradually rather than abruptly. Transitional lines and
shapes lead the eye gracefully and easily from one
area or direction to another. It is found in dropped
shoulder designs, puff sleeves and cap sleeves.
(d) Rhythm through radiation

Rhythm by radiation creates a feeling of movement


in different directions. This organized movement
originates from a central point of gathers, folds,
tucks, darts, pleats and lines. Direction of radiation
may be in a similar or one direction, opposing
direction or both the directions.
(e) Rhythm by continuous line movement

This type of rhythm is obtained by flowing lines of


trims, bands of color, fabric designs etc, which make
the eye move in a continuous line bringing about
harmony. Rhythm is broken when lines, trimmings,
or fabric designs are not matched at the seams or at
other construction points. Fabric’s designs with
widely placed motifs may lack rhythm.
4. Emphasis

Emphasis involves the concentration of interest in


the selected area of design when compared with
other subordinated areas. Emphasis as such, should

not be placed at an area that one wishes to minimize


attention on. Designers often create emphasis
partially though the careful arrangement of line,
texture and colors. There is some portion in every
dress which is the centre of attraction.
(a) Creating emphasis in garments:

1. Emphasis may be achieved by grouping rows of


tucks, gathers, ruffles, buttons or trim in one area,
or by concentration of jewelry such as rows of
beads, chains or pins
2. Shapes of collars, sleeves, pockets, jewelry,
outsized buttons, belts and trims can be used to
create local interest with unusual designs. Unusual
and different fabric designs and texture may attract
focus of attention, provided the garment design is
simple and not competing with fabric design or the
texture.
3. The placement of decoration on a plain,
contrasting background permits the decoration to be
dominated. Trims, embroidery appliqué, jewelry,
buttons and belt, buckles when used on a
contrasting background are emphasized and become
areas of interest.

4. Contrast of color, line, shape, and texture will also


create emphasis. Using contrasts too many times
often lose their impact in the design.
5. Contrasts of shapes is more strongly emphasized
when they differ from the background. Yokes,
collars, cuffs and shapes will be more noticeable
when their edges are outlined in a contrasting trim.
(b) Some methods to lay emphasis include

• Grouping of design units.

• Using of contrast of hues.

• By leading lines.

• A combination of any of the above elements.

• Repeating details such as tucks gathers, button,


etc.

• Unusual shapes & textures.

• Applied design on a contrast background.


5. Proportion

Proportion is sometimes called scale. Proportion


includes the relationship of height, width, depth and
surrounding space of each design. When all the
parts work well together, the garment is well
proportioned. Good proportion refers to pleasing
relationship between the sizes of various design
details in a dress and between the garment itself
and the design details.

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