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Crop Practice Wheat

Wheat crop

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Emmanuel Ahuose Uwamusi
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16 views4 pages

Crop Practice Wheat

Wheat crop

Uploaded by

Emmanuel Ahuose Uwamusi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Crop Management

Practices
An Agricultural Extension Initiative of

Wheat
Wheat

Introduction Seed Treatment


Nigeria produces approximately 1 million It is suggested that seed should be treated with
metric tonnes of Wheat per year. Wheat is one of Vitavax, Bavistin, Thiram or Agrosan GN @ 2.5
the world's most important Food Crops. It is gm per kg seed for the management of loose
believed that wild varieties of Wheat rst grew in smut, ergot, ag smut and head scab disease.
the Middle East. Wheat was one of the rst plants
to be cultivated. It was grown about 11,000 To protect the Crop from Termites and White
years ago. Ants particularly in rain-fed area, treatment is
suggested with Endosulphan 35EC or
The total area under Wheat in the world is Chlorpyriphos 20 EC @ 700 ml per 100 kg of seed
around 225.62 million ha. with a production of by mixing in 5 liter of water and spraying over the
685.6 million tonnes (2009- 10). The normal world seed followed by seed drying overnight before
productivity is 3039 kg/ha. It provides about 20% sowing, Only healthy seeds of right cultivar
of total food calories for the human race. The suitable for a particular locality should be
major Wheat growing countries in the world are selected for sowing.
USSR, USA, China, India, Canada, Australia,
France, Turkey, Bangladesh and Pakistan. Seed rate: Timely sown- 100 kg/ha.

Climate Requirement
Fertillizer Doses
Wheat crop has wide adaptability. It can be
grown not only in the tropical and sub-tropical High Yielding Varieties- 120:60:40 kg NPK/ha
zones, but also in the temperate zone and the (follow soil test or local recommendation)
cold tracts. The optimum temperature range
for ideal germination of Wheat seed is 20-25 C. Method of Fertilizer application:

In case of dwarf timely sown varieties and


Soil medium and heavy soil, application of half
dose of Nitrogen and full dose of P&K should
be basal, dressed below 5 cm of the seed in
Soils with a clay-loam or loam texture, good
furrows. The remaining half quantity of
structure and moderate water holding
Nitrogen should be top dressed in two split
capacity are ideal for Wheat cultivation. Care
doses.
should be taken to avoid very porous and
excessively drained oils. Soil should be neutral
In light soils, Nitrogen will be more efcient,
in its reaction.
where two-third of Nitrogen and full amount of
P&K are used basal, dressed below 5 cm of @400 g/ha at 35 days after sowing
the seed in furrows, the remaining quantity of
Nitrogen should be top dressed at in 2 split For broad-leaved weeds:
application, one-third after rst irrigation and
remaining one-third after second irrigation. Apply 2,4-D @0.4kg a.i./ha at 30-35 days after
sowing. For mixed population of narrow and
Sulphur: broad leaved weeds, mix Isoproturon and 2,4-D
at the recommended doses of each or
In some Wheat growing areas, particularly Isoguard-plus @1.2 kg a.i./ ha 30-35 days after
where Rice –Wheat crop rotation is continuously sowing.
taken, the deciency of Sulphur is being
visualised. The Sulphur deciency can be First irrigation should be given at the crown root
managed by application of Fertilizers like Super initiation stage for better development of crown
Phosphate. roots. This is most critical stage for irrigation.

Zinc: Pest Management:

Among micronutrients, Zinc (Zn) is the most If cutworms attack is found, apply Chlorpyriphos
common. In most cases, application of 25 Kg 20 EC @ 0.8-1.0 kg per ha in irrigation water. The
Zinc Sulphate per ha. is sufcient to meet the Zn attack of termite is also found at this stage. In the
demands of Rice as well as subsequent Wheat. standing crop, use 2.5 litre per ha of
Chlorpyriphos 20 EC or Endosulfan 35 EC 2.5 litre
along with irrigation water.
Weed Management Yield:
For narrow leaved weeds:
When cultivation of high yielding dwarf varieties
of wheat is done with improved scientic
Apply Pendimethalin (Stomp) @ 1.0 kg a.i. /ha, 2
methods, they produce about 45- 55 qtl of grain
to 3 days after sowing (pre-emergence),
per hectare under irrigated conditions and 20-
followed by Isoproturon (Tolkan/
25 qtl per hectare under rainfed conditions. For
Graminon/Arelon) @ 0.75 kg a.i./ ha, 30-35 days
safe storage, grain should be cleaned and
after sowing or Metaxuron (Dosanex/ Hexamar/
dried well in sun for a few days so that moisture
Hilnex) @ 1.5 kg a.i./ha 30-35 days after sowing
content of grain comes down to 10-12 percent.
or Leader @33 g at 35 days after sowing or Topic

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