QUARTER 2: Prevention of Substance Use and Abuse

Classifications of
Drugs of Abuse
OBJECTIVES:
➢Describe the drug scenario in the

Philippines

➢Explain the concepts of drug dependence,

drug use, drug misuse and drug abuse
 QUARTER 2
Drug Scenario in the
Philippines
Guide Questions:

1. What can you say about the drug

issues in our country?

2. Do you agree on how our government

fight the drug use? Why or why not?
 QUARTER 2: Drug Scenario in the Philippines
In the year 2004, an estimate of 6.7 million drug users in the
Philippines was recorded by the Dangerous Drugs Board (DDB).
The “2008 National Household Survey on the Nature and Extent of
Drug Abuse in the Philippines” conducted by the same agency
revealed that there is a downward trend in the number of drug
users down to 1.7 million users. The decline may be associated
with the government’s intense efforts in combating drugs. The
following are the reasons for the successful decline of drug abuse
in the country:
 QUARTER 2: Drug Scenario in the Philippines
Operations conducted by different law enforcing agencies like
the Philippine National Police (PNP), National
Bureau of Investigation (NBI), Philippine Drug Enforcement
Agency (PDEA), Bureau of Customs and other
law enforcers have helped arrest local and international drug
syndicate members, traffickers, and destroy
secret laboratories and warehouses.
 QUARTER 2: Drug Scenario in the Philippines
● Strict implementation of policies under the “Dangerous Drugs
Act of 2002” like the compulsory drug test for application of
driver’s license, entrance to military service, application for
firearms licensing, and others.
● Actualization of the Dangerous Drugs Board’s programs and
projects in partnership with other agencies like
the Department of Education (DepEd), Department of Social
Welfare and Development (DSWD) and other
local government units (LGU) and non-government organizations
(NGO).
Common Concepts in Drug Education
The following are the usual words you will
encounter in studying substance use and abuse:

DRUGS DRUGS OF
MISUSE
DRUG
TOLERANCE

DRUG DRUG ABUSE

DEPENDENCE
Common Concepts in Drug Education The following are
the usual words you will encounter in studying substance
use and abuse:

Drugs - are any substances or chemicals which when

taken into the body either through nasal, oral,
transdermal, or intravenous ways have psychological,
emotional, and behavioral effects on a person

Illegal Drugs - are drugs commonly abused by users. In

the Philippines, the three drugs of abuse are shabu,
marijuana and inhalants.
Drug Dependence - is a cluster of physiological,
behavioral, and cognitive phenomena of variable
intensity in which the use of a drug takes on a high
priority thereby creating a strong desire to take the
substance.
Drug Misuse - is the use of a substance incoherent or
inconsistent with the prescribed dosage or frequency of
use.
Drug Abuse - is the use of a substance for non-
medicinal purposes. Abuse leads to organ damage
like brain damage and liver damage, addiction, and
troubled behavioral patterns.

Drug Tolerance - is the condition of the body to

adapt to the effects of substances to the body thus
requiring an even larger amount of the substance to
experience the same physiological and mental effect
experienced when taking the smaller dosage.
QUARTER 2: Prevention of Substance Use and Abuse

Classifications of
Drugs of Abuse
Directions: Arrange the jumbled letters to
reveal the correct word. You have 10
seconds to answer. Goodluck!
❖Let’s practice!

DURSG
Answer:
DRUGS
 1.

GTEAWAY
Answer:
GATEWAY
 2.

SHBAU
Answer:
SHABU
 3.

DERPESASNT
Answer:
DEPRESSANT
 4.

COAICNE
Answer:
COCAINE
 5.

NRACTOIC
Answer:
NARCOTIC
 Word Recall
✔ Gateway
✔ Shabu
✔ Depressant
✔ Cocaine
✔ Narcotic
1. GATEWAY DRUGS
 GATEWAY DRUGS
⮚Drugs that a non-drug user might
try which can lead him or her to
more dangerous drugs such as
marijuana and shabu.

⮚Some common examples of these

are cigarettes and alcohols, which
are not allowed to minors.
2. DEPRESSANTS
 DEPRESSANTS
• Also known as “downers”, it slows down a person’s central
nervous system. It relaxes muscles and nerves.
• Depressants include alcohol, barbiturates and tranquilizers.
FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME
• Physicaland
mental defects
that affects the
fetus that has
been exposed to
alcohol
3. STIMULANTS
 STIMULANTS
• Also known as “uppers” or “speeders”, it speeds up a person’s
central nervous system.
• Caffeine is a kind of stimulant which is found in softdrinks, energy
drinks, coffee, tea and chocolate.
• Illegal stimulants are Cocaine, Nicotine, and Methamphetamine or
Shabu, and Ecstasy.

Ecstasy
4. NARCOTICS
 NARCOTICS
• Also known as “painkillers”, it relieves pain and induce
sleepiness.
• Some illegal Narcotic drugs are Heroin and Marijuana,
which if taken wrong may cause overdose leading to coma
and death.
5. HALLUCINOGENS
 HALLUCINOGENS
• Drugs which distorts reality and facts. It affects all senses and makes
a user see, hear and feel things that don’t exist and are not real.
• Long term use may cause Psychosis which is a mental disorder in
which reality is twisted.
• Examples are Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD), Psilocybin, Mescaline
& Magic Mushroom.
6. INHALANTS
 INHALANTS
• These are found in ordinary household chemical products which are
huffed or sniffed.
• Continuous use and abuse leads to delusion, brain damage, liver
damage, coma and death.
• Examples of household products used as Inhalants are acetone,
Rugby, Spray Paint, Cleaning Fluids, and Airconditioner Fluid (freon).
 Generalization
⮚ Drugs of abuse are classified according to their
effect on the body - gateway drugs,
depressants, stimulants, hallucinogens, narcotics
and inhalants.

⮚ Gateway drugs are drugs that a non-drug user

might try which can lead him or her to more
dangerous drugs.
 Generalization
➢ Depressants slows down a person’s central
nervous system, while Stimulants have the
opposite effect, it speeds up a person’s central
nervous system.

➢ Inhalants are chemical products which are

huffed or sniffed, usually found ordinary
household products.
 Generalization
➢ Narcotics are known as “painkillers”, it
relieves pain and induce sleepiness.

⮚ Hallucinogens are drugs that affects all

senses, it distorts reality and facts.
⮚Commonly abused drugs in the Philippines are
Shabu, Marijuana and Inhalants.
⮚Filipino males are most vulnerable in
experimenting and abusing drugs.
⮚Prescribed medicine to treat a medical condition
can lead to substance abuse or addiction if not
taken in the right way.
⮚Most people who are treated for substance-use
disorder need to stay in treatment for at least 3
months.
 QUARTER 2
RISK FACTORS AND
PROTECTIVE FACTORS
Risk Factors & Protective Factors
• Risk factors are those influences
which increase the chances of using,
misusing and abusing drugs.
• Protective factors, on the other hand,
are those influences which decrease
the chances of using and abusing
drugs.
 Signs of Drug Abuse
➢declining interest in school or work
➢suddenly changes friends (hangs out
with individuals known for their drug
use)
➢becomes pessimistic, irritable and
anxious all the time
➢asks to be left alone a lot
 Signs of Drug Abuse
➢is always tired (or makes it as an
excuse to be left alone)
➢becomes careless and often becomes
involved in accidents
➢becomes implicated in a lot of fights
➢frequent mood swings
 Signs of Drug Abuse
➢ sudden change in appearance (red or puffy
eyes, weight changes, constant complaints of
headaches or stomach-aches, shaking,
incessant cough, brown stains on fingertips,
stumbling, or a constant runny nose)
➢ loss of interest in hobbies or sports
➢ exhibits poor judgment
➢ finds it difficult to concentrate
 Short-term and
Long-term Effects
of the Different
Drugs of Abuse
Effects of Drug Use Aside from oneself, drug use and abuse
also affects the immediate family, school and community
where the drug user lives. Below are some of the effects of
drug use and abuse on the family, school and community.

A. Effects of Drug Use and Abuse on the Family

• Broken and unhappy family ties
• Ignored duties and responsibilities
• Financial constraint due to drug dependence and addiction
• High cost of drug treatment and rehabilitation
• Family dishonor and embarrassment
• Separation of family members
B. Effects of Drug Use and Abuse on the School
• Poor academic performance
• Increased rate of absenteeism and tardiness
• Increased incidence of school fights
• Low academic achievement rate
• Incidence of disrespect to school authorities

C. Effects of Drug Use and Abuse on the Community

• High incidence of crime which includes stealing, robbery and
snatching
• High incidence of accidents, ex. road accident, accidental falling, etc.
• Affected economy due to low manpower production
• Loss of government funds due to drug-related operations, treatment
and rehabilitation.
Ways to say “NO”
And Decision-
Making Skills to
avoid
Drug Abuse
 Different Strategies in the Prevention of
Drug Abuse
• Loving and caring family.
• Involvement in sports.
• Positive outlook in life.
• Positive self-image.
• Caring and supportive friends.
• A sense of worthiness and achievement.
• Always having the right attitude.
• Ability to cope with stress and depression.
• Having responsible adult role models.
• Active participation in sports or recreation.
• Participation in school clubs and activities.
• Consultation with responsible adults like parents, teachers, counselors regarding
problems, concerns and queries in life.
• Development of talents and skills.
 REMEMBER
Use and abuse of drugs nowadays can be everywhere. Yet, as a
student there might be some influences which you cannot really
anticipate and so might affect you to try using drugs. For you to
prevent this from happening, you should have already learned the
Decision-making Skills and Resistance Skills.
There are also ways on how you can divert your attention to not
taking and trying to use illegal drugs. There are various and
healthy ways to get rid of drugs. People should understand the
different protective factors and risk factors. Protective factors
should be enhanced while risk factors should be avoided and
dropped for good.