Book Title: eTextbook: Today’s Technician: Manual Transmissions &

Transaxles
Chapter 4. Manual Transmissions/Transaxles
Review Questions

Review Questions

Short Answer Essays

1. Define the purpose of a transmission.

2. What is the primary purpose of a synchronizer?

3. Describe the three stages of synchronization.

4. List the functions of a transmission’s front bearing retainer.

5. How is reverse speed obtained in most transmissions?

6. Define the primary differences between a transmission and a

transaxle.

7. Describe and explain the major difference between the differential of

a RWD car and the differential of a FWD car.

8. What is the primary purpose of the clutch gear in a transmission?

9. Describe the power-flow through a transaxle when it is in first gear.

10. What is the purpose of fifth gear in most transaxles and

transmissions?

Fill-in-the-Blanks
 1. A transmission is a system of that transfers the

to the of the car.

2. A manual transaxle is a single unit composed of a

, , and

3. Block synchronizers consist of a ,

, , and

114 4. are moved by the

gearshift and move the synchronizer sleeves to engage a gear.

5. The speed gears are located on the .

6. A synchromesh transmission is a ,

transmission equipped with synchronizers.

7. Smooth and quiet shifting can only be possible when the

and the are rotating at

the same speed.

8. The output shaft is also called the shaft.

9. All synchronizers use to synchronize the speed

of the gear and shaft before the connection is made.

10. If the speed gears are not engaged by a synchronizer, they

on the main shaft.

ASE-Style Review Questions

1. When discussing the operation of a synchronizer,

Technician A says that the synchronizer inserts force the blocking

ring against the conical face of the gear, which slows the speed of the

gear and allows for engagement.

Technician B says that by matching the speed of the blocking ring and

the gear, the synchronizer sleeve is able to engage with the gear dog

teeth.

Who is correct?

A. A only

B. B only

C. Both A and B

D. Neither A nor B

2. When discussing shift mechanisms,

Technician A says that the detent system prevents the engagement of

more than one gear at a time.

 Technician B says that the interlock system places the shift rail and

fork in an exact position.

Who is correct?

A. A only

B. B only

C. Both A and B

D. Neither A nor B

3. When discussing current trends in manual transmissions,

Technician A says that six- and seven-speed transmissions reduce fuel

economy because of the weight of their extra parts.

Technician B says that some manual transmissions are shifted by

internal solenoids and do not require a shift lever.

Who is correct?

A. A only

B. B only
 C. Both A and B

D. Neither A nor B

4. While discussing synchronizers,

Technician A says that in automotive transmissions, the commonly

used type of synchronizer is the block type.

Technician B says that triple-cone synchronizers are not as effective

because they are smaller than single-cone synchronizers.

Who is correct?

A. A only

B. B only

C. Both A and B

D. Neither A nor B

5. When discussing overdrive gears,

Technician A says that the typical ratio is 0.70 to 0.90:1.

Technician B says that the typical ratio is 1.0:1.

 Who is correct?

A. A only

B. B only

C. Both A and B

D. Neither A nor B

6. When discussing the power-flow through a five-speed transmission

when it is in first gear,

Technician A says that power enters in on the input shaft, which

rotates the countershaft that is engaged with first gear.

Technician B says that the first gear synchronizer engages with the

clutching teeth of first gear and locks the gear to the main shaft,

allowing power to flow from the input gear through the countershaft

and to first gear and the main shaft.

Who is correct?

A. A only
 B. B only

C. Both A and B

D. Neither A nor B

7. While discussing power-flow through the forward gears of a typical

transaxle,

Technician A says the main speed gears freewheel around the output

shaft unless they are locked to the shaft by the synchronizers.

Technician B says the main speed gears are in constant mesh with

their mating gears on the input shaft and rotate whenever the input

shaft rotates.

Who is correct?

A. A only

B. B only

C. Both A and B

D. Neither A nor B
115
8. While discussing reverse gear,

Technician A says if the transmission has a synchronized reverse

gear, the reverse synchronizer sleeve moves to engage with reverse

gear. Power comes in through the input shaft, into the counter gear,

through the reverse idler gear, and into the reverse gear on the main

shaft. The reverse gear rotates the synchronizer sleeve, which rotates

the hub and main shaft in a reverse direction.

Technician B says if reverse is a nonsynchronized gear, a reverse-gear

shift relay lever slides the reverse idler gear into contact with the

countershaft reverse gear and the reverse gear on the output shaft.

The reverse idler gear causes the reverse output shaft gear to rotate

counterclockwise.

Who is correct?

A. A only

B. B only

C. Both A and B

D. Neither A nor B
 9. While calculating the first gear ratio of a five-speed transmission,

Technician A says to first divide the number of teeth on the front of

the counter gear by the number of teeth on the clutch gear.

Technician B says to next divide the number of teeth on the first-

speed gear by the number of teeth on the matching counter gear and

then multiply the answer from the first set by the second.

Who is correct?

A. A only

B. B only

C. Both A and B

D. Neither A nor B

10. While discussing shift forks,

Technician A says most shift forks have two fingers that ride in the

grooves on the outside of the speed gears.

Technician B says each shift rail has three notches, which a spring-

loaded ball or plunger rides in to give a detent feel to the shift lever
 and locates the proper position of the shift fork.

Who is correct?

A. A only

B. B only

C. Both A and B

D. Neither A nor B

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