501D5A COMBUSTION TURBINE OPERATIONS

COMBUSTION TURBINE FUNCTIONAL OPERATIONS

OVERVIEW

FUNCTION Page(s)
PRE-START CONDITIONS
• Ready-to-Start Permissives 3
• DLN Ready-to-Start Permissives (not applicable at Jubail) 4
• Turning Gear Operation 5
• Pre-Start Selections 6–7
ENGINE EVENTS
• Typical 501 Significant Speeds 8 – 10
• Engine Starting / Running 11 – 12
• Ignition Sequences 13 – 14
• Engine Shutdown 15 – 16
• Turbine Normal Stop 17
FUEL EVENTS
• Fuel Flow 18 – 19
• Fuel Demand/Fractions 20
• Low Select Bus 21
• Speed Controller 22
• Megawatt Controller 23 – 24
• Maximum Megawatt Limiter/Megawatt Jump Rate Limiter 25
• Temperature Controller 26
• Deceleration Limiter 27
PROTECTIVE EVENTS
• Definitions 28 – 29
• Auto Unload 30
• Turbine Trip 31 – 32
• Trip Actions 33

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TEMPERATURE MONITORING
• Flashback Temperature 34
• Disc Cavity Temperature 35
• Blade Path Temperature 36 – 38
• Exhaust Gas Temperature 39
ELECTRICAL EVENTS
• Field Breaker 40
• Generator Breaker 41
• Synchronizer 42
• Voltage Regulator 43
OPERATIONAL EVENTS
• Lube Oil Cooling 44 – 45
• Inlet Guide Vane Control 46
• Wet Compression 47
• Combustor Bypass Valve Control 48
• Bleed Valve Operation 49
• Overspeed Trip 50
• Rotor Cooling Air 51
• Generator Cooling Control 52
• Hydraulic Supply 53
• Spin Cooling 54
• Miscellaneous items 55

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 501D5A COMBUSTION TURBINE OPERATIONS

READY TO START PERMISSIVES

Sheet 9

• Test SLC’s OFF

• Water Purge Ready
• PS&G Cabinet Auto
• Combustor Bypass Valves not in Manual
• Field Breaker NOT CLOSED
• AP NOT TRIPPED
• Medium Voltage Switchgear In AUTO Mode
♦ Start Device in Auto
• Generator Lockout Protective Relay 86G NORMAL
• Turbine NOT TRIPPED (Master Trip String)
• Turning Gear ON
• MCC In AUTO Mode (Hand Switches in Auto)
♦ Vapor Extractor #1 & 2
♦ Mechanical Package Vent Fan
♦ #1, 2, 3, & 4 Turbine Enclosure Fans
♦ Pulse Filter Air Compressor
♦ Compressor Water Wash Pump
♦ Instrument Air Compressor
♦ Generator Space Heater
♦ #1 & #2 Lube Oil Pumps
♦ Emergency Lube Oil Pump
♦ Turning Gear
♦ #1 & #2 Hydraulic Pumps
♦ Hydraulic Reservoir Heater
• Dry Low NOx System READY TO START
• Instrument Air Pressure NORMAL [ > 90 PSIG]
• Flame Detector Right and Left NOT ACTIVE (NO Flame In Combustor Baskets)
• Lube Oil Temperature ABOVE MINIMUM [ > 70°F]
• Speed BELOW IGNITION SPEED
• Lube Oil Vapor Extractor 1 OR 2 ON, AND Running Blower Selected
• Main LO pump 1 OR 2 ON, AND Running Pump Selected

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DLN READY TO START PERMISSIVES

Sheet 88

• No IGV Position / Demand Mismatch

• Premix, Pilot, A Stage, & B Stage Gas CSO Min (Dmd Closed)
• Premix, Pilot, A Stage, & B Stage Gas Position Min (Closed)
• No Hydraulic System Low Pressure Alarm > 650 PSIG
• No Distillate Pump Discharge Valve Position / Demand Mismatch
• Pilot Purge not on
• Pilot, A Stage, and B Stage Distillate CSO Min (Closed)
• Pilot, A Stage, and B Stage Distillate Position Min (Closed)

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TURNING GEAR OPERATION

Sheet 11

• STOP Turning Gear Motor

♦ Turbine Speed > 225 RPM

• START Turning Gear Motor

♦ Turbine Speed < 220 RPM

• TURNING GEAR OFF Alarm Is Generated IF:

♦ Turning Gear NOT ON, AND
♦ Turbine Speed < 220 RPM For 10 Seconds

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 501D5A COMBUSTION TURBINE OPERATIONS

PRESTART SELECTIONS
Sheet 8

• TRIPS RESET
♦ SLC On Operator Console
⇒ Provides A 5 Second Trip Reset Signal
⇒ Sets Trip Status To “NOT TRIPPED” IF The Trip Condition Is Cleared
⇒ Resets the Vibration Monitor
♦ Must Be Reset To Be “READY-TO-START”

• CT LOAD SELECT
♦ SLC On Operator Console
⇒ Minimum Load, OR
⇒ Base Load, OR
⇒ Peak Load, OR
⇒ Operator Load
♦ Selecting One De-Selects Others

♦ Base Load Is The Default Load Selection

⇒ Automatically Selected IF L4 Trips

♦ Minimum Load Automatically Selected IF:

⇒ Generator Breaker OPEN, AND
∗ Load Hold Selected, or
∗ Purge System Fails

• OPERATOR LOAD SELECT

♦ SLC On Operator Console
♦ Operator Enters “MEGAWATT TARGET”
♦ Automatically Selected At Auto Unload
⇒ MW Target Tracks Actual MW
∗ Load Remains Constant When Unload Condition De-Activated

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PRESTART SELECTIONS (Continued)

Sheet 8

• SPIN HOLD
♦ SLC On Operator Console OR
♦ Purge System Fails
⇒ Starting Device Accelerates To Spin Hold Speed
⇒ Prevents Energizing Igniters
⇒ Prevents Opening Fuel Valves
♦ Deselected By “GO” SLC
♦ Disabled By Reaching “Ignition Latch”

• SYNCHRONIZATION (SYNCH) HOLD

♦ SLC On Operator Console
⇒ Disables Auto Synch Permissive
⇒ Disables Sync Scope Permissive
⇒ Turbine Holds At 3600 RPM
♦ Deselected By The “GO” SLC

• LOAD HOLD
♦ SLC On Operator Console or
♦ Purge System Fails or
♦ Purge Load Hold
⇒ Turbine Holds At Current Reference MW
♦ Deselected By the “GO” SLC.
♦ Disabled By
⇒ Normal Stop, OR
⇒ Auto Unload, OR
⇒ L4 Tripped

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TYPICAL 501 SIGNIFICANT SPEEDS

Sheet 3

• 0 RPM to 225 RPM

♦ Sequence 1 Speed Range.

• 225 RPM - Increasing Speed

♦ Turning Gear De-Energized
♦ Open Instrument Air Isolation Valve
♦ Must Be Reached Within 60 Seconds Of “START” OR “CT TRIP”

• 225 RPM - Decreasing Speed

♦ Turning Gear Energized
♦ Synchronizer Is Shifted To Automatic

• 225 RPM To Ignition Speed

♦ Sequence 2 Speed Range
♦ Ignition Speed Must Be Reached Within 120 Seconds Of Sequence 1 Complete

• Sequence 3 Speed (Ignition and Fuel)

♦ Overspeed Trip Fuel Valves (OST) Are Opened
♦ Igniters Are Energized (7 Seconds For Gas, 30 Seconds for Oil)
♦ “Sequence 3 Complete”
⇒ Flame Detected For A 2 Second Period, AND
⇒ OST Valve Open.
♦ Fuel Start Ramp Begins

• Ignition Speed To 1600 RPM

♦ Sequence 4 Speed Range (Torque and Acceleration)
♦ Turbine Torque/Acceleration Capabilities Are Tested

• 1500 RPM
♦ Control Shifts From “Start Ramp” (Open Loop) To “Speed Reference” (Closed Loop)

• 1600 RPM

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♦ Must Be Reached Within 150 Seconds Of Ignition

♦ Flameout Trip Disabled

• 2304 RPM
♦ Starting Motor De-Energized

• 3000 RPM
♦ Spread and Variance Alarms, Unloads, Load Dumps, And Trips Enabled

• 3280 RPM
♦ IGV’s Positioned To Fully Closed

• 3325 RPM
♦ Successful Start

• 3356 RPM
♦ HP Bleed Valve Closes
⇒ Note: Turbine Trip IF:
∗ HP Bleed Valve NOT Closed Within 12 Seconds, OR
∗ Speed Decreases Below 3356 With HP Bleed Valves Still Closed

• 3510 RPM
♦ Field Breaker Closes

• 3525 RPM
♦ LP Bleed Valve Closes
⇒ Note: Turbine Trip IF:
∗ LP Bleed Valve NOT Closed Within 75 Seconds, OR
∗ Speed Decreases Below 3525 With LP Bleed Valves Still Closed
• 3598 RPM
♦ 98% Speed Latch. Synchronization Speed

• 3510 RPM Decreasing (After 3598 RPM Achieved)

♦ Under Frequency Alarm (58.5 Hz)

• 3492 RPM Decreasing After 3598 RPM Achieved

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♦ Under Frequency Load Dump (58.2 Hz)

• 3420 RPM Decreasing After 3598 RPM Achieved

♦ Turbine Trip (57.9 Hz)

• 3600 RPM
♦ Rated Speed, Synchronous Speed
♦ Generator Breaker Closed By Synchronizer IF In AUTO
♦ MW Control Function Is Enabled
♦ Minimum Load (4.5 Megawatts) Picked Up

• 3690 RPM
♦ Over-Frequency Alarm Is Generated (61.5 Hz)

• 3708 RPM (103% Of Rated Speed)

♦ Combustion Turbine Overspeed Trip IF Generator Breaker Not Closed
♦ Disabled On Load Rejection

• 3726 RPM
♦ Over-Frequency Unload

• 3960 RPM (110% Of Rated Speed)

♦ Turbine Overspeed Trip

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ENGINE STARTING / RUNNING

Sheet 10

• TURBINE RUNNING (L4) Master Run Signal

♦ L4 Is Set (=1 OR TRUE) When
⇒ Ready-To-Start Signal Is TRUE, AND
⇒ Start SLC Activated
⇒ OR BOP Control

• STARTING DEVICE ON
♦ Start Motor Permissives, AND
♦ Start SLC Activated

• START MOTOR PERMISSIVE (Sheet 13)

♦ NOT Above Ignition Speed

• INSTRUMENT AIR ISOLATION VALVE

♦ Opens
⇒ On L4 = 1 (Turbine Running), OR
⇒ Turbine Speed > 225 RPM
♦ Air To Selected Portions Of The Instrument Air System
♦ Closes 10 Minutes After:
⇒ L4 = 0 (Turbine Not Running), AND
⇒ Speed < 220 RPM
⇒ Close command is inhibited during Flow Divider Flush

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• STARTING DEVICE OFF (2 second time delay)

♦ Stop Start Device Signal (Speed > 2304 RPM), OR
♦ Any Operator Request Trip (Control Room, Local Panel, PS&G, or TXP), OR
♦ Other Trips, OR
⇒ Fire Trip
⇒ Vibration Trip
⇒ Starter Trip
⇒ Lube Pressure Trip
⇒ Sequence 1 Trip
⇒ Sequence 2 Trip
♦ Spin Hold Selected AND Stop Push-button Depressed, OR
♦ 5 Minutes After Ignition Failure When On Gas, OR
♦ Turbine Normal Stop selected

• ENGINE CONTINUES TO SYNCHRONIZATION SPEED

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IGNITION SEQUENCE 1, 2, 3 & 4

Sheet 13

• SEQUENCE 1 COMPLETE
♦ Speed > 225 RPM

• SEQUENCE 1 TRIP: (Starting Motor On Without Reaching Ignition Speed)

♦ Sequence 1 NOT Complete (Speed < 225 RPM), AND
♦ Turbine Running (L4 = 1), AND
♦ Starting Motor ON > 60 Seconds if Spin Hold NOT Selected, OR
♦ Starting Motor ON > 200 Seconds if Spin Hold IS Selected

• SEQUENCE 2 COMPLETE:
♦ Turbine Speed Above Gas/Dist Ignition Speed
⇒ > 600 RPM Gas, 800 RPM Oil

• SEQUENCE 2 TRIP: (Failure To Reach Ignition Speed Within 120 Seconds Of

Completing Sequence 1.)
♦ Sequence 1 Complete For 120 Seconds, AND
♦ Sequence 2 NOT Complete

• SEQUENCE 3 COMPLETE:
♦ Flame Detected In Left OR Right Basket For 2 Seconds, AND
♦ Open Fuel OST Valve Demanded for Gas OR Dist

NOTE: Igniters Are Energized For 9 Seconds on Gas or 45 Seconds on Oil.

• SEQUENCE 3 TRIP: (Failure To Achieve Ignition Before Igniters Shut Off After
Achieving Ignition Latch)
♦ Sequence 3 NOT Complete, AND
♦ Igniters De-Energized After Achieving Ignition Latch.

• SEQUENCE 4 COMPLETE: (NOT ACTUAL SIGNAL)

♦ Turbine Speed > 1600 RPM Within 150 Seconds Of Sequence 3 Complete

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• SEQUENCE 4 TRIP:
♦ Initial Acceleration Failure
⇒ Sequence 3 Complete, AND
⇒ Turbine Speed < 1500 After 150 Seconds AND
⇒ Turbine Running
♦ Loss Of Flame
⇒ Sequence 3 Complete, AND
⇒ Turbine Speed < 1500 RPM, AND
⇒ Turbine Running, AND
⇒ Flame Detected, Then Lost By Both Flame Detectors For 5 Seconds

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ENGINE SHUTDOWN
Sheet 10

• TURBINE REMAINS RUNNING UNTIL:

♦ Any Trip Occurs OR
♦ Normal Stop Is Requested And Completed

• ENGINE SHUTDOWN SIGNAL IS L4 = 0

♦ When L4 = 0:
⇒ Fuel Valves Shut
⇒ Turbine Speed Coasts Down To Turning Gear Speed

♦ L4 Equals 0 When:
⇒ Any Trip, OR
⇒ Expiration Of The 300 Second Cooldown Timer

• 300 SECOND TIMER INITIATION:

♦ STOP Push-Button Depressed, AND
♦ MW < Min (4.5),
OR
♦ Auto Unload Activated, AND
♦ MW < Min (4.5),
OR
♦ Generator Lockout 86 G NOT Normal (Bkr Fault)

• STOP PUSHBUTTON REQUEST IS RESET BY:

♦ Pressing GO Push-Button Before L4 Is Reset (Override The STOP), OR
♦ L4 Being RESET

• INSTRUMENT AIR ISOLATION VALVE

♦ Valve CLOSES 10 Minutes After:
⇒ L4 = 0 (RESET), AND
⇒ Turbine Speed < 220 RPM
♦ Isolates Instrument Air To:
⇒ Fuel System Pneumatic Valves (OST’s, Vent Valves)

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⇒ Exhaust Tunnel Conduit Cooling Air

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TURBINE NORMAL STOP

Sheets 10

• TURBINE NORMAL STOP SLC

♦ Activated By Operator
⇒ (Can Reverse STOP Selection Until End Of Cooldown Period By Selecting “GO”
SLC)
♦ Generator Unloads at the Operator Selected Load Rate
♦ Minimum Load Is ACHIEVED (MW < 4.5):
⇒ Generator Breaker Trips
⇒ 300 Second Cooldown Period Starts
♦ 300 Second Cooldown COMPLETE:
⇒ Master Run (L4) Is Reset (0 / FALSE)
⇒ Fuel Valves Shut
⇒ Compressor Bleed Valves Open
⇒ Variable Inlet Guide Vanes Shut

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GAS FUEL FLOW

Sheet 13, 39, 71, 67A, 68A

• Fuel Flow And Isolation

♦ Isolate Fuel Gas To The System
⇒ Overspeed Trip Valve (OST) (sheet 39)
∗ Operates In Conjunction With The Vent Valve To Isolate And Vent Fuel Gas
Piping

♦ Control Fuel Gas To The Stages:

⇒ Start Pressure Regulator Valve
∗ Normally Set At 200 PSIG
⇒ Main Pressure Control Valve
∗ Opens
→ Turbine Running (L4 = 1), AND
→ Turbine Speed > 1800 RPM

♦ Four Valves Control Fuel Gas To The Engine Manifolds:

⇒ Pilot Throttle Valve
⇒ Stage A Throttle Valve
⇒ Stage B Throttle Valve
⇒ Stage C Throttle Valve
∗ Modulate To Control Gas Flow In Response To Stage Demand Signals (Fuel
Fractions)

• OPEN GAS OST VALVE/CLOSE GAS VENT VALVE (sheet 39)

♦ Turbine Running L4 = 1, AND
♦ Ignition Latch achieved, AND
♦ Spin Hold NOT Selected
♦ On Gas
♦ No Gas Manifold Purge

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♦ Ignition Latch Achieved When: (Sheet 13)

⇒ Spin Hold NOT Selected, AND
⇒ Above Ignition Speed (>600 RPM), AND
⇒ Turbine Speed < 1400 RPM

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FUEL DEMAND/FRACTIONS
Sheet 56, 57, 58, 59

• Fuel Demand Signal

♦ Scaled To Fuel Mass Flow
♦ Dependent On CT Operational State
⇒ From Startup To Sync Speed
⇒ Generator Breaker Closed

♦ Divided To Four Signals

⇒ Pilot CSO
⇒ A Stage CSO
⇒ B Stage CSO
⇒ C Stage CSO

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LOW SELECT BUS

Sheet 35

• LOW SELECT BUS

♦ Monitors Controlling Circuits
♦ Passes The Lowest Value (Most Controlling) Signal To The Fuel Control Module
♦ This Signal Is The “Fuel Demand” Signal

• LOW SELECT BUS RECEIVES INPUTS FROM:

♦ Speed Controller
♦ Megawatt Controller
♦ Temperature Controller
♦ Maximum Megawatt Limiter
♦ Megawatt Jump Rate Limiter

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SPEED CONTROLLER
Sheet 31

• Controls Acceleration From Start To Synchronization Speed (3600 RPM)

• Compares Selected (Actual) Turbine Speed Against A Calculated Setpoint
• Below 1500 RPM, Setpoint Is Open Loop (No Feedback) And Demand Increases At A
Preset Rate
• Above 1500 RPM, Closed Loop Speed Control Enabled And Demand Is Controlled By
Time V/S Speed Table

• Controller Output Based On:

♦ Sequence 3 Complete (Ramp Enabled)
♦ Turbine Speed (Open OR Closed Loop)
♦ Fuel Selected

• Controls Acceleration From Start To 3600 RPM

♦ Ignition - <1500 RPM
⇒ Fuel Demand - Open Loop.
♦ 1500 - 3600 RPM
⇒ Fuel Demand - Closed Loop
⇒ Setpoint Based On “Time Versus Speed” Curve
♦ 3598 RPM (98% Speed Latch) - Governor Raise/Lower Enabled To Bias Setpoint
♦ 3600 RPM (Synch Speed) - Synch Permitted If Min. Acc. Time (800 Second)
Satisfied

• Controls Turbine Until Gen Breaker Closed

♦ When Loaded, Speed Controller Tracks Actual Speed

• Acceleration Deviation Alarm

♦ Setpoint - Actual Deviation > 100 RPM
• Acceleration Deviation Trip
♦ Setpoint - Actual Deviation > 150 RPM.

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MEGAWATT CONTROLLER
Sheet 33

• Controls After Synchronization (Generator Breaker Closed)

• Compares Selected (Actual) Megawatts Against A Megawatt Target
• Controller Output Based On:
♦ Grid Frequency Deviations (Droop Control)
♦ Controller Setpoint

• Controller Setpoint Based On MW Target

♦ Operator Selectable For:
⇒ MW Target (Desired Value)
⇒ Minimum Load (4.5 MW) (MIN MW)
⇒ Base Load (135 MW) (MAX MW)
⇒ Normal Stop
♦ Turbine Selectable For Auto Unload

• Megawatt Target Track (Freezes MW Target at Current Value)

♦ Auto Unload (Clear) (1 sec), or
♦ Operator Load Control Selected (1 sec), or
♦ Load Hold Selected, or
♦ Temperature Control Active (60 sec), or
♦ Track Megawatt Ramp Active

• Track Megawatt Ramp (Megawatt Target Tracks Megawatt Actual)

♦ Opening Generator Breaker, or
♦ Operator Load Control Selected (5 sec), or
♦ Min Load Selected (5 sec), or
♦ Auto Unload (5 sec), or
♦ Normal Stop Selected (5 sec)
♦ Fuel Transfer

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• Setpoint Rate Of Change Based On:

♦ Operator Selected Load Rate (Up to 13.9 MW/Min)
♦ Max Load Rate (Auto Unload) (15 MW/Min)
♦ Gen Stator Unload Rate (10 MW/Min)
♦ Flashback TC Unload (20 MW/Min)

• Maximum Megawatt Trip

♦ Megawatts > 142 MW

• Droop Control
♦ Enabled > 20 MW
♦ Adjusts Setpoint Based On Frequency Deviations From Grid

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MAXIMUM MEGAWATT LIMITER

Sheet 33

• Prevents CT from exceeding Generator Rating

• Limit - 135 MW

MEGAWATT JUMP RATE LIMITER

Sheet 33

• Prevents Load From Increasing Rapidly

• Active If Load Steps Greater Than A Value That Is The Sum Of:
♦ Maximum Load Rate, AND
♦ A Function Of Exhaust Temperature Deviation From Setpoint

• If Active, Load Is RATE Limited To Maximum Loading Rate

• Disabled
♦ Load Is Decreasing, OR
♦ Below Minimum Load (4.5 Megawatts)

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TEMPERATURE CONTROLLER
Sheet 26

• Controls Average Blade Path Temperature To A Setpoint By Controlling The Fuel

Demand

• Controller Output Based On:

♦ Controller Setpoint

• Controller Setpoint Is Calculated Based On:

♦ P2C
♦ Gen Breaker Position (Closed)
♦ Water Injection Bias
♦ Wet Compression Bias

• Controller Setpoint Limited:

♦ Startup - (1200°F)
♦ Generator Breaker Closed Once - (1050°F)

• Controller Limited Setpoint Biased By:

♦ Exhaust Gas Trim (EGT) Controller IF Active (Average Exhaust Temperature)
♦ EGT Active
⇒ Temperature Controller In Control Of Fuel Demand With Generator Breaker
Closed

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DECELERATION LIMITER
Sheet 36

• Prevents Too Low A Fuel Demand Signal From Causing Flameout Or Underspeed

• Decel Limit Is The Value Of Fuel Demand Signal At 98% Speed Latch

• Active When Fuel Demand Is Lower Than Decel Limit

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DEFINITIONS

ALARM
• Warning To The Operator

UNLOAD
• Methodical Decrease In Megawatt Load
♦ Caused By:
⇒ Operator Action (Decreasing Target Load And Selecting Operator Selected
Load)
⇒ Auto Unload

LOAD DUMP
• Instantaneous Unloading Of Generator
♦ Open Generator Breaker
♦ Alarm Generated
♦ No Immediate Engine Trip (“Trip Following Load Dump” Occurs 10 Seconds After
Load Dump if Problem Persists)
• Caused By:
♦ Spread OR Variance > 130°F
♦ Speed < 3492 RPM After 98% Speed Latch (3598) Achieved

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TRIP
• Emergency shutdown of the turbine and generator, with the unit being placed in a safe
secure condition
• Alarm Activated
• Engine Tripped
♦ Master Run (L4) Reset (0)
♦ Generator Breaker open
♦ Field Breaker open
♦ Fuel valves shut
♦ Compressor bleed valves open
♦ Inlet guide vanes shut
• No 3-minute cooldown

AUTO UNLOAD
• Megawatt load automatically decreases
• Unloading stops 20 sec after cause eliminated
• Operator must then take action to increase load
• If cause not eliminated, when minimum load reached:
♦ Generator breaker opens, and
♦ 5-minute cooldown period begins

• After 5-minute cooldown,

♦ Alarm Activated
♦ Engine tripped

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AUTO UNLOAD CONDITIONS

Sheet 45

• CONDITIONS CAUSING AUTO UNLOAD:

♦ Disc Cavity 2 Temperature High
⇒ Disc Cavity 2 > 800°F, AND
⇒ Unload Permitted
♦ Auto Unload from BOP
♦ Rotor Air Cooling Air Temperature High > 525°F
♦ Three Or More Blade Path Thermocouples Failed
♦ Over-frequency
⇒ Speed > 3726 RPM, AND
⇒ Generator Breaker Closed
♦ Blade Path Differential High > 60°F
♦ Blade Path Spread High > 110°F
♦ Blade Path Variance High > 110°F
♦ Blade Path Spread Alarm > 90°F for 12 hrs
♦ Manifold Purge not active when required
♦ One Or More Blade Path T/C’s Failed For Longer Than 12 hrs
♦ Compressor Inlet Pressure NOT NORMAL (High Or Low)
♦ Flashback Detected For Longer Than 30 Seconds
♦ Generator Outlet Temperature High 262 °F
♦ Generator Stator Temperature > 251°F
♦ Generator Bearing Temperature High > 218°F
♦ Rotor Cooling Air Thermocouple Trouble
⇒ Both Thermocouples Bad Quality OR
⇒ Rotor Cooler Air Temperature < 200°F and Generator Breaker Closed

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TRIP CONDITIONS
Sheet 46

• CONDITIONS THAT CAUSE A TRIP:

♦ Combustion Turbine Vibration NOT Normal
♦ BOP Trip
♦ Operator Initiated Trip
⇒ Control Room, OR
⇒ Local Panel, OR
⇒ PS&G Panel
♦ Dry Low NOx Trip
⇒ Pilot, Premix, Stage A, or Stage B Valve Position vs. Demand mismatch
⇒ Pilot, Premix, Stage A, or Stage B Ignition Overfuel
♦ Bleed Valves Not In Demanded Position
♦ Acceleration Deviation (> 150) Prior To Reaching Synch Speed
♦ Fire (Fire Protection System Initiates) or (Gas High High Detected)
♦ Gas Manifold Purge Space High Pressure
♦ Generator Bearing Temperature High Trip > 225°F
♦ Auto Unload Prior To Reaching Synch Speed
♦ Critical Monitoring Detects NOT GOOD Quality
⇒ P2C/Speed/Generator Breaker/Throttle Valve
♦ Master Trip Relay De-Energizes
♦ Sequence 1 Trip (Start Device Engaged Without Reaching 225 RPM within 60
seconds NO Spin Hold, 200 seconds Spin Hold)
♦ Sequence 2 trip (Failure To Reach Ignition Speed Within 120 Sec of Sequence 1
Complete)
♦ Sequence 3 Trip (Failure To Achieve Ignition)
♦ Sequence 4 trip
⇒ Failure To Achieve > 1400 RPM within 150 sec After Flame Detected, OR
⇒ Loss Of Flame Prior to Reaching 1400 RPM
♦ Overspeed Condition
♦ Underspeed Condition (Speed Decreases To < 3420 for After Reaching Synch
Speed)
♦ Megawatt Load Exceeds Maximum Setpoint (142 MW)
♦ High Exhaust Pressure Trip
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♦ Generator Air Outlet Temperature High 275°F

♦ Operator Initiated Trip From TXP
♦ Lube Oil Reservoir Level Extra Low (21.25 in. Below Top)
♦ Lube Oil Pressure Extra Low (< 11 PSIG)
♦ Blade Path Spread High > 150°F
♦ Trip 10 Seconds After Load Dump
♦ Lube Oil Temperature High > 155°F
♦ Blade Path Differential High > 80°F
♦ Fuel Forwarding Pressure Trip
♦ Starter Motor Not On Within 5 Seconds Of Demand Signal
♦ Normal Stop Initiated Prior To Reaching Synch Speed
♦ Individual Blade Path Temperature High 1200 °F
♦ Simadyn Hardwired Trip

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 501D5A COMBUSTION TURBINE OPERATIONS

TRIP ACTIONS
Sheet 46, 9, 10

• UPON OCCURRENCE OF A TRIP CONDITION:

♦ Trip Is Identified And Retained
♦ All Other Trip Conditions Are Prevented From Alarming
♦ An Alarm Is Activated
♦ Master Run (L4) Is Reset (= 0) without completing the 180 sec Cooldown
♦ Generator Breaker Opens
♦ Field Breaker Opens
♦ Fuel Valves Shut
⇒ Overspeed Trip Valves (Main and Pilot)
⇒ Throttle Valves (Pilot, A Stage, B Stage, and C Stage)
♦ Compressor Bleed Valves Open
♦ Variable Inlet Guide Vanes Shut

♦ Trip Can Be Cleared ONLY When The Condition That Causes The Trip Has Been
Cleared
⇒ Press “TRIPS RESET” SLC

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 501D5A COMBUSTION TURBINE OPERATIONS

FLASHBACK TEMPERATURE
Sheet 84

• FLASHBACK TEMPERATURES
♦ “Flashback” (F/B)
⇒ Defined as “Flame Moving To Fuel-Mixing Area”
⇒ Flame Propagation Velocity Greater than Air Velocity

♦ Two Thermocouples Located In Each Combustor Basket Measure Temperature In

Fuel-Mixing Area

♦ Flashback Detection
⇒ Compare Highest Flashback Temperature With T2C
⇒ Compare This Difference With A Setpoint

♦ Flashback Setpoint (Based On CT Speed)

⇒ Speed < 3000 RPM, Flashback Setpoint = 300°F
⇒ Speed > 3000 RPM, Flashback Setpoint = 100°F

♦ Flashback Alarm Activated IF:

⇒ Ignition Latch Set for > 60 seconds (Flame On), AND
⇒ Highest F/B T/C > Flashback Setpoint

♦ Flashback Auto Unload at Fast Rate Activated IF:

⇒ Flashback Detected (ALARM) For > 30 Seconds
∗ 30 Second Time Delay Allows For Startup Stabilization

♦ Turns off Wet Compression if Flashback – T2C > 100 °F

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 501D5A COMBUSTION TURBINE OPERATIONS

DISC CAVITY TEMPERATURE

Sheet 54

• DISC CAVITY TEMPERATURES

♦ Two Thermocouples In Each Disc Cavity
♦ Temperatures Displayed On Operator Console

♦ Disc Cavity 2
⇒ IF Disc Cavity 2Temperature > 800°F
∗ 10 MW Auto Unload Signal
∗ 10 Minute Wait Period
∗ IF Temperature Still > 800°F, Continue 10 MW Auto Unload and 10 Minute
Wait Until Disc Cavity 2 Temperature < 795°F

• DISC CAVITY TEMPERATURE CONTROL VALVES

♦ Cooling Air To Disc Cavity 2 And 3
♦ Connected In Parallel With Fixed Orifices
♦ Modulate To Control Cavity Temperature At 765°F for DC #2
♦ Modulate To Control Cavity Temperature At 720°F for DC #3
♦ IF TC Quality BAD, Valve Ramps Full Open
♦ Valve Remains Full Open Until BAD Quality Clear For 30 Seconds
♦ If Wet Compression Setpoint > Actual, open D/C Bypass Valves

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 501D5A COMBUSTION TURBINE OPERATIONS

BLADE PATH TEMPERATURE

Sheet 3, 19, 20-25

• BLADE PATH TEMPERATURES

♦ 14 Thermocouples (T/C)
♦ Each T/C is “DUPLEX”
⇒ Each TC Contains 2 T/C’s (“A” and “B”)

• THERMOCOUPLE FAILURES
♦ T/C HARD Failure
⇒ Out-Of-Range Failure
⇒ Typically Fails Open (Indicating -475°F)
⇒ Bad Quality Assigned

♦ T/C SOFT FAILURE

⇒ In-Range Failure
⇒ Typically Fails In Low- To Mid-Range
⇒ Above 80 Megawatts
∗ Blade Path Temperature (BPT) Is Compared To T2C
∗ BPT - T2C < 50°F Indicates Soft Failure

• BLADE PATH TEMPERATURE REJECT

♦ Each BP Temperature Can Be Rejected From:
⇒ Blade Path Average Temperature Determination
⇒ Lowest and Highest Blade Path Temperature Determination
⇒ Blade Path Temperature Indication

♦ Rejected if:
⇒ Both “A” & “B” T/C’s Have Bad Quality (Hard Failure Or Off-Scan)
⇒ Both “A” & “B” T/C’s < T2C By 50°F (Soft Failure)
⇒ “A” T/C Has Bad Quality AND “B” T/C < T2C By 50°F
⇒ “A” T/C < T2C By 50°F AND “B” T/C Has Bad Quality

♦ Reject causes:
⇒ Blade Path Average Substituted For Individual T/C
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⇒ Alarm Activation
⇒ Activation Of The “12-Hour Auto-Unload” Timer
∗ Auto Unload IF NOT Corrected In 12 Hours
⇒ Immediate Auto Unload IF 3 OR MORE T/C’s Fail

• BLADE PATH DIFFERENTIAL, SPREAD AND VARIANCE

♦ BP DIFFERENTIAL
⇒ Summation of Blade Path Temperature Setpoint (+) AND Average Blade Path
Temperature (-) (BPT Setpoint Minus BPT Average)
♦ BP SPREAD
⇒ Summation of Average Blade Path Temperature (+) AND Lowest Blade Path
Temperature (-) (BPT Average Minus Lowest BPT)
♦ BP VARIANCE
⇒ Summation of Highest Blade Path Temperature (+) AND Average Blade Path
Temperature (-) (Highest BPT Minus Average BPT)

• BP DIFFERENTIAL ALARMS AND TRIPS

♦ BPT Setpoint MINUS BPT Average
♦ BPT Setpoint:
⇒ A Derived Engineering Calculation Based On:
∗ Combustor Shell Pressure
∗ Generator Breaker Position
∗ Average Exhaust Temperature
∗ Steam Power Augmentation

♦ BP Differential Alarms And Trips:

⇒ Differential > 30°F, ALARM
⇒ Differential > 60°F, UNLOAD
⇒ Differential > 80°F, TRIP
⇒ Differential > 130 °F for 60 Seconds after Wet Compression Tripped
⇒ Provide Protection From Exceeding Turbine Temperature Limit

• BP SPREAD ALARMS AND TRIPS

♦ BPT Average MINUS Lowest BPT
♦ BP SPREAD ALARMS/TRIPS - Speed > 3000 RPM
⇒ Spread > 60°F, CHANGE STAGE BIAS
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⇒ Spread > 90°F, ALARM

⇒ Spread > 110°F, UNLOAD
⇒ Spread > 130°F, LOAD DUMP
⇒ Spread > 150°F, TRIP
⇒ Indication Of Possible Combustor or Transition Problem
⇒ Below 3000 RPM (Startup), or after Generator Breaker opens, or when bringing
on B Stage, or during fuel Transfers Some Spread Is Possible

• BP VARIANCE ALARMS AND TRIPS

♦ Highest BPT MINUS Average BPT
♦ BP variance alarms / trips - speed > 3000 RPM
⇒ Variance > 90°F, ALARM
⇒ Variance > 110°F, UNLOAD
⇒ Variance > 130°F, LOAD DUMP
⇒ Indication Of Possible Single Nozzle Failure
⇒ Below 3000 RPM (During Startup) Some Variance Possible

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 501D5A COMBUSTION TURBINE OPERATIONS

EXHAUST GAS TEMPERATURE

Sheet 26

• EXHAUST GAS TEMPERATURE

♦ 16 Thermocouples (T/C)
♦ Arranged In A “RAKE” Of 4 Pipes
♦ Each Pipe Contains 4 T/C’s Along Its Length

• EXHAUST GAS TEMPERATURE (EGT) AVERAGE

♦ Average Of ALL 16 Exhaust Gas T/C’s
♦ If T/C Quality Is NOT GOOD, T/C Is Eliminated From Calculation

♦ EGT AVERAGE
⇒ Compare To Temperature Setpoint
∗ Determine Bias For Exhaust Temperature Trim
∗ Determine Exhaust Temperature Deviation

♦ High EGT Average Causes An Alarm 1050°F

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FIELD BREAKER
Sheet 15

• CLOSE COMMAND PERMISSIVES

♦ Field breaker OPEN, AND
♦ Generator Lockout Relay 86-G NORMAL (No Generator Fault)

• CLOSE COMMAND SET (= 1)

♦ Operator Request By Push-Button,
OR
♦ Speed > 3510 RPM, AND
♦ Not Achieving 98% Speed Latch (Speed < 3598 RPM),
OR
♦ Achieving Auto Sync Permissive, AND
♦ Achieving 98% Speed Latch (Speed > 3598 RPM)

• FIELD BREAKER TRIP COMMAND SET (= 1)

♦ Generator Breaker OPEN, AND
⇒ Operator Request By Push-Button (Local or TXP), OR
⇒ Generator Lockout Relay 86-G NOT Normal (Generator Fault), OR
⇒ Turbine NOT Running (L4 Reset)

• TRIP COMMAND RESET

♦ Trips Reset SLC, OR
♦ Field Breaker Open

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GENERATOR BREAKER
Sheet 18

• GENERATOR BREAKER CLOSED

♦ Automatically By Synchronizer
♦ Manually By The Operator

• GENERATOR BREAKER OPENED (TRIPPED) BY:

♦ Turbine Trip (L4 = 0)
♦ Variance Load Dump > 130°F
♦ Spread Load Dump > 130°F
♦ Under Frequency Load Dump (< 3492 RPM) After Achieving 98% Speed Latch
(Synch Speed)
⇒ NOTE: If Load Dump Condition Continues For 10 Seconds, A “Trip Following
Load Dump” Is Generated
♦ Auto Unload Condition, AND Below Min Load (4.5 MW)
♦ Normal Stop Requested, AND Below Min Load (4.5 MW)
♦ Trip Generator Breaker Request By Operator (Local or TXP)
♦ Generator Lockout 86-G NOT Normal (Generator Fault)
♦ Selected Megawatt Transducer Indicates “Bad Quality”

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 501D5A COMBUSTION TURBINE OPERATIONS

SYNCHRONIZER
Sheet 17

• SYNCHRONIZATION
♦ Automatic, OR
♦ Manual

• AUTO SYNCH PERMISSIVE (Set = 1)

♦ Auto Synch Selected, AND
♦ Synch Scope Permissive

• AUTO SYNCH MODE SELECTED (Set = 1)

♦ When Turbine Speed Decreases To < 220 RPM, OR
♦ By Operator Either Locally Or Remotely

• SYNCH SCOPE PERMISSIVE (Set = 1)

♦ Generator Breaker OPEN, AND
♦ At Synch Speed (98 % Speed Latch), AND
♦ Normal Stop NOT Initiated, AND
♦ Turbine Running (L4=1), AND
♦ Synch Hold NOT Selected, AND
♦ Field Breaker CLOSED, AND
♦ No Cooldown In Progress, AND
♦ Generator Lockout (86G) Normal, AND
♦ Start-to-Synch Period Is Complete (800 Seconds)

• MANUAL SYNCH SELECTED

♦ Operator, Either Locally Or Remotely, OR
♦ Voltage Regulator In MANUAL, OR
♦ Generator Breaker CLOSED

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 501D5A COMBUSTION TURBINE OPERATIONS

VOLTAGE REGULATOR
Sheet 16

• VOLTAGE REGULATOR
♦ Stand-Alone Device
♦ Can Be Selected Either To “MANUAL” OR “AUTOMATIC”
♦ Field Breaker Must Be Closed

• MANUAL:
♦ Voltage Regulator Matches Generator Output Voltage To System Voltage In
Response To Local Push-Button Control
♦ Operator Controls Generator Excitation

• AUTOMATIC:
♦ Voltage Regulator Automatically Matches Generator Output Voltage To System
Voltage Setpoint By Controlling Generator Excitation
♦ In AUTOMATIC, Operator Can Raise Or Lower Voltage By Using “Auto Raise” OR
“Auto Lower” push-buttons
⇒ This Is For “VAR” Adjustments

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 501D5A COMBUSTION TURBINE OPERATIONS

LUBE OIL COOLING

Sheet 42

• LUBE OIL COOLER BYPASS VALVE

♦ Bypasses Lube Oil Flow Around Cooler
♦ Controlled By Auto/Manual Station

• IN AUTO
♦ Modulates To Control Lube Oil Temp To 125°F

• IN MANUAL
♦ Valve Remains In Current Position
♦ Bypass Valve Manual Alarm Activates Every 30 Minutes

• EMERGENCY LUBE OIL PUMP (Sheet 42)

♦ Supplies Turbine And Generator Bearings Upon Loss Of AC Pumps
♦ Started/Tested On A “Start Command” (Starting Motor Activated)
⇒ STOPPED
∗ Adequate Pressure Sensed, OR
∗ If Adequate Pressure Is NOT Sensed After 10 SECONDS
⇒ Alarm Generated
∗ If Pump Stopped Without Sensing Adequate Pressure
∗ Pump Pressure Still High 5 Seconds After Stop Command

• Can Be Tested With Turbine Running:

SEE START PERMISSIVES PRIOR TO PERFORMING

♦ Operator Arms The Engine
♦ Operator Presses “START” SLC
⇒ Emergency Lube Oil Pump Tested
⇒ Starting Motor Does Not Start (No Permissive)

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 501D5A COMBUSTION TURBINE OPERATIONS

• TURBINE TRIPS
♦ Lube Oil Temperature > 155°F
♦ Lube Oil Pressure Extra Low
⇒ Lube Pressure “A” NOT Normal, AND
⇒ Lube Pressure “B” NOT Normal
OR
⇒ Lube Pressure “A” NOT Normal, AND
⇒ Bearing Oil Pressure Low <11 PSIG
OR
⇒ Lube Pressure “B” NOT Normal, AND
⇒ Bearing Oil Pressure Low <11 PSIG

• ALARMS
♦ Bypass Valve Manual - Every 30 Minutes
♦ DC Lube Pump Test Failure - Pressure NOT Adequate 10 Seconds After Pump
Demanded
♦ DC Lube Oil Pump On - Pump Still On 5 Seconds After Adequate Pressure Sensed
♦ Lube Pressure Xlow Trip
♦ Lube Pressure Sensing Device Mismatch - Pressure Transmitters/Pressure Switches
Indicate Deviation

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 501D5A COMBUSTION TURBINE OPERATIONS

INLET GUIDE VANE CONTROL

Sheet 81
• IGV POSITION DETERMINATION BASED ON:
♦ Turbine Condition
⇒ Turbine Not Running (L4 = 0)
∗ IGVs = 37°

⇒ Turbine Running (L4 = 1)

∗ IGV Position Dependent On Generator Breaker Position

♦ GENERATOR BREAKER OPEN:

⇒ IGV Position Based On CT Speed
∗ CT Speed < 3280 RPM
→ IGV Demand = 18° (Approximately 50%)
∗ CT Speed > 3280 RPM
→ IGV Demand = 38°

♦ GENERATOR BREAKER CLOSED

⇒ IGV Position Demand Based On Normalized Load with Position Affected by Inlet
Air Temperature.

• ALARMS
♦ IGV Position VS. Demand Error
⇒ Error Between Demanded Position And Actual Position Exists For > 5 Seconds
♦ IGV Linear VS. Rotary Error
⇒ Error Between Actual Linear And Actual Rotary Position Exists For > 5 Seconds

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 501D5A COMBUSTION TURBINE OPERATIONS

WET COMPRESSION
Sheet 108
• Consists of two Banks (A and B)

• Bank Permissives - W/C READY:

♦ Temperature Control for > 30 minutes AND
♦ No Engine trouble wet compression hold AND
♦ Bank "A" minimum flow AND
♦ Bank "B" minimum flow AND
♦ Compressor inlet temperature > 50 °F

• Wet Compression Turned ON:

♦ Start SLC activated with no trips

• TRIP/OFF IF:
♦ Running on Distillate OR
♦ > 95% Normalized Load
♦ < Exhaust Temperature within 20 °F of curve
♦ Engine Trouble for > 5 minutes
♦ Flow Mismatch
♦ Transfer to oil
♦ Stop SLC activated
♦ Wet Compression pump trip or Generator Breaker not closed

Once Enabled the drain valves, off of the 6th stage compressor bleed will cycle open for 10
seconds every 5 minutes

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 501D5A COMBUSTION TURBINE OPERATIONS

COMBUSTOR BYPASS VALVE CONTROL

Sheet 96

• COMBUSTOR BYPASS VALVE DEMAND

♦ SETPOINT IS EITHER AUTOMATIC OR MANUAL
AUTOMATIC SETPOINT DEPENDANT ON GENERATOR BREAKER POSITION
⇒ Generator Breaker OPEN
∗ Valves Positioned Based On CT Speed (0 RPM To 3600 RPM, 90° (Open)

⇒ GENERATOR BREAKER CLOSED:

∗ Valves Positioned Based On Normalized Load, Loading Bias, and Wet
Compression Flow
⇒ Setpoint Signal is allowed to change only at a rate as fast as the minimum
expected speed of the valves
⇒ Output Signal is displayed on CRT

• ALARMS
♦ Combustor Bypass Valve Linear Position vs Demand
♦ Combustor Bypass Valve Rotary vs Linear Position

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 501D5A COMBUSTION TURBINE OPERATIONS

BLEED VALVE OPERATION

Sheet 14

• AT STARTUP - BOTH BLEED VALVES OPEN

♦ HP Bleed Valve Close Demand
⇒ Turbine Running (L4=1) AND
⇒ Speed > 3356 RPM
♦ LP Bleed Valve Close Demand
⇒ Turbine Running (L4=1) AND
⇒ Speed > 3525 RPM

• AT SHUTDOWN
♦ Both Bleed Valves Open At Turbine NOT Running (L4=0)

• BLEED VALVE TRIP

♦ Turbine Running, AND
♦ HP Bleed Valve Not Closed 12 Seconds After Close Command (Speed > 3356 RPM)
♦ HP Bleed Valve Not Open With Speed < 3215 RPM
♦ LP Bleed Valve Not Closed 75 Seconds After Close Command (Speed > 3525 RPM)
♦ LP Bleed Valve Not Open With Speed < 3400 RPM

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 501D5A COMBUSTION TURBINE OPERATIONS

OVERSPEED TRIP
Sheet 7

• Absolute Turbine Trip At 110% Overspeed (3960 RPM)

• Trip Turbine IF:

♦ 103% Overspeed Reached (3708 RPM), AND
♦ Generator Breaker is NOT Closed (Start Up)

• For Load Rejection (Load Dump - Some Overspeed Expected):

♦ Generator Breaker Opens
♦ 103% Overspeed Protection Is Disabled For 30 Seconds
♦ At 106% Overspeed (3816 RPM)
⇒ 103% Overspeed Protection Continues To Be Disabled To Allow Turbine To
Stabilize
♦ Once Turbine Is Stabilized And Speed Is Decreasing, 103% Overspeed Protection Is
Re-Enabled At 3672 RPM (102%)

• Turbine Trip If Either Backup Overspeed Tachometer Activates

• ALARMS (Speed must be > 530 RPM)

♦ Tach PAK #1 (#2) Fault)
⇒ Health Tach #1 (#2) NOT Normal
♦ Back-Up Overspeed Protection Failed
⇒ Both Health Tach NOT Normal

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 501D5A COMBUSTION TURBINE OPERATIONS

ROTOR COOLING AIR

Sheet 99

• Rotor Cooling Air cooled by a Fin Fan Cooler with VFD (Variable Frequency Drive) Fan

♦ Fan Permissives:
⇒ Rotor Cooling Temperature elements are good quality
⇒ Rotor Cooling Air Temperature NOT > 510°F
⇒ VFD NOT in Alarm
⇒ With Generator breaker closed, Rotor Cooling Air Temperature > 230°F
⇒ If any permissives not met, Fan is in HIGH SPEED BYPASS MODE

♦ Fan VFD Enabled when:

⇒ Permissive met AND
⇒ Rotor Cooling Air Temperature > 475°F

♦ Fan VFD controls Rotor Cooling Air Temperature to a 480°F setpoint.

♦ Rotor Cooling Air Trouble Auto Unload

⇒ Rotor Cooling Thermocouples Indicate Bad Quality, OR
⇒ Rotor Cooling Air Temp less than 200°F and Generator Breaker closed

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 501D5A COMBUSTION TURBINE OPERATIONS

GENERATOR COOLING
Sheet 49

• Generator Gas Discharge Monitored by 6 RTD’s

♦ Greatest Temperature provides:
⇒ Generator High Temperature Alarm > 248°F
⇒ Generator High Temperature Auto Unload > 251°F

• Generator Air Outlet Monitored by RTD

⇒ High Temperature Alarm 248°F
⇒ High Temperature Auto Unload 262°F
⇒ High Temperature Trip 275°F

• Generator Exciter Air Outlet Monitored by RTD

♦ Alarm 180°F

• GENERATOR BEARINGS
♦ Bearing Metal Temperature Monitor by 2 Embedded Elements
⇒ High Temperature Alarm > 210°F
⇒ High Temperature Unload > 218°F
⇒ High Temperature Trip > 225°F

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 501D5A COMBUSTION TURBINE OPERATIONS

HYDRAULIC SUPPLY
Sheet 83

• HYDRAULIC FLUID SUPPLY SYSTEM

♦ Controlled At Local Instrumentation Panel On Hydraulic Skid
♦ Hydraulic System Pressure Low ALARM
⇒ Activated When Two Of The Three Pressure Switches/Transmitter Indicate
Pressure < 550 PSIG.

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 501D5A COMBUSTION TURBINE OPERATIONS

SPIN COOLING

• SPIN COOLING Procedure Uses 2 Spin Hold Cycles

♦ Initiate 1st Spin Hold Cycle Within 5 Minutes Of Turning Gear Operation:
⇒ Start Turbine On SPIN HOLD
⇒ Continue 1st Spin Until Stable Spin-Speed Established
⇒ Approximately 2 Minutes
⇒ Do Not Exceed 5 Minute Starting Motor Operation Time
⇒ Return Unit To Turning Gear By Initiating a Turbine Normal Stop (Discuss using
Trip)

♦ One Hour After 1st Spin Completed, Start 2nd Spin:

⇒ Continue 2nd Spin Until Stable Spin-Speed Established
⇒ Approximately 2 Minutes
⇒ Do Not Exceed 5 Minute Starting Motor Operation Time
⇒ Return Unit To Turning Gear By Initiating a Turbine Normal Stop

♦ Additional Spins Can Be Performed After 1 Hour If More Cooling Is Required To

Facilitate Maintenance Access

♦ Spin Cycles Can Be Interrupted To Resume Normal Operation

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 501D5A COMBUSTION TURBINE OPERATIONS

Normalized Load Sheet 61

Fuel Transfer Logic Sheet 37, 38, 39
Manifold Purge Sheet 40, 41
Evaporative Cooler Sheet 53
Fuel Trips Sheet 78, 79, 80
Water Injection/Purge Sheet 89, 90, 91

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