OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE CONTRACT

Deir Amar Combined Cycle Power Plant

PLANT TRIPS ORGANISATION

Written by: A. BENEDETTI Approved by: M. RICCI Revision N° 0

Signature Signature Date: May 2003

 FORWARD

The intent of this document is to provide a guide for the Power Plant personnel during
the normal activity of the trip analysis process and to finalise their training process.
The document does not replace the original logic that remains the only official
documents; it represents a simplified logic way to proceed with the trip analysis.
The document does not show the connections with the alarms and sequence event
recorder (SER).
The connection between the different pages is done referring to the item number shown
in each page header.
The trips have been divided in unit, generator and main electrical breaker trips.
Particular dedicated pages have been prepared for specific trip sub-sequences i.e. HP
and LP by-pass, steam turbine rotor stress evaluator etc.

Plant trip org. rev. 1 Page 2 of 33

 SUMMARY
Item Item title Page N°

1 TRIPS CO-ORDINATION 4
2 GT1 TRIP 5
3 GT1 GENERATOR TRIP 6
4 GT1 15KV BREAKER FAILURE 7
5 GT1 220KV BREAKER AND TRANSFORMERS MECHANICAL PROTECTION 8
6 GT1 220KV BREAKER FAILURE 9
7 GT1 220KV BREAKER (LOAD REJECTION) 10
8 GT1 15KV GENERATOR BREAKER (FULL SPEED NO LOAD) 11
9 GT2 TRIP 12
10 GT2 GENERATOR TRIP 13
11 GT2 15KV BREAKER FAILURE 14
12 GT2 220KV BREAKER AND TRANSFORMERS MECHANICAL PROTECTION 15
13 GT2 220KV BREAKER FAILURE 16
14 GT2 220KV BREAKER (LOAD REJECTION) 17
15 GT2 15KV GENERATOR BREAKER (FULL SPEED NO LOAD) 18
16 HRSG1 TRIP 19
17 HRSG2 TRIP 20
18 HRSGS DIVERTER DAMPER RUNBACK 21
19 STEAM TURBINE TRIP 22
20 STEAM TURBINE ROTOR STRESS EVALUATOR TRIP 23
21 STEAM TURBINE SERVO VALVES TRIP 24
22 STEAM TURBINE DCS TRIP 25
23 STEAM TURBINE DEHC TRIP 26
24 STEAM TURBINE BY-PASS 27
25 STEAM TURBINE GENERATOR TRIP 28
26 STEAM TURBINE 15KV BREAKER FAILURE 29
27 ST 220KV BREAKER AND TRANSFORMERS MECHANICAL PROTECTION 30
28 STEAM TURBINE 220KV BREAKER FAILURE 31
29 STEAM TURBINE 220KV BREAKER (LOAD REJECTION) 32
30 STEAM TURBINE 15KV BREAKER (FULL SPEED NO LOAD) 33

Plant trip org. rev. 1 Page 3 of 33

1 TRIPS CO-ORDINATION
GT1 trip See item 2 GT1G Trip See item 3 GT2 trip See item 9 GT2G Trip See item 10

GT1 TRIP GT1G TRIP GT2 TRIP GT2G TRIP

GT1 Load Rejection See item 7 GT2 Load Rejection See item 14

OR OR

Diverter Damper not closed Diverter Damper not closed

AND HRSG1 trip See item 16 AND HRSG2 trip See item 17

Diverter Damper closed

HRSG1 TRIP HRSG2 TRIP

AND
AND

Diverter Damper closed

Excitation breaker closed

ST trip See item 19 STG trip See item 25

AND AND

ST TRIP STG TRIP

ST Load Rejection See item 29

OR
HRSG1 LP/HP By-pass unavail. HRSG2 LP/HP By-pass unavail.
See item 24 See item 24

AND AND

Plant trip org. rev. 1 Page 4 of 33

2 GT1 TRIP
(See item 1)

2/3 Turbine bearing high high temperature >120°C

2/3 Compressor bearing high high temperature > 120°C

2/3 Generator TS bearing high high temperature > 120°C

2/3 Generator ES bearing high high temperature > 120°C

2/3 Thrust bearing AFT high high temperature > 120°C

2/3 Thrust bearing FWD high high temperature > 120°C

2/2 Turbine bearing high high vibration > 14,7 mm/s

2/2 Compressor bearing high high vibration > 14,7 mm/s

2/2 Generator bearing TE high high vibration > 14,7 mm/s

2/2 Generator bearing EE high high vibration > 14,7 mm/s

2/3 High high turbine outlet temperature 1 (641°C), 2 (655°C), 3 (659°C)

2/3 High high turbine outlet temperature 4 (657°C), 5 (636°C), 6 (631°C)

1/2 Flame monitor fault

Both forwarding pumps trip

Both injection pumps trip

Pressure upstream Injection pumps low low < 3 bar

Fuel oil feed pressure low low < 16 bar

Oil lubricant low low pressure < 1 bar

Lube oil tank low low level < 190 mm

GT1
Teleperm both PLC out of order TRIP
OR

Fuel oil drain system not closed

Fire fighting trip Open 15kV breaker

GT Overspeed > 3240 rpm
Open excitation breaker
2 TC outlet temperature out of order
Close the IGV
Loss of 2 turbine speed measurement

PLC Turbine controller out of order

Generator protection see item 3

2/2 Generator hot air temperature TS high high > 94°C

2/2 Generator hot air temperature ES high high > 110°C

Compressor inlet differential pressure low low < 30 mbar

Compressor pumping protection

OIS emergency trip

Back-up panel emergency trip

PCC emergency trip

GT hall emergency trip N° 1

GT hall emergency trip N° 2

GT hall emergency trip N° 3

Fuel oil leakege pressure high

HRSG1 trip see item 16

60”
AND

HRSG1 diverter damper not closed

Plant trip org. rev. 1 Page 5 of 33

3 GT1 GENERATOR TRIP
(See item 2) Open Open GT1G GT1
6,6kV Bkr SFC Open
220kV 15kV De- Rapid Exciter
Tripping Tripping
Breaker Breaker excitation Shutdown Breaker

Underexcitation Relay F11

Reverse power 6,8 MW Relay F11 6”

Reverse power - 6,8 MW Relay F21 6”
Overvoltage >16,2kV (2,5”) or 19,1kV (0,5”) Relay F11

Underfrequency 2nd stage ≤ 47,5 Hz Relay F11 1”

Underfrequency 1st stage ≤ 48,5 Hz Relay F12 1”
Overfrequency 2 stage ≥ 52,1 Hz
nd
Relay F11 20”
Overfrequency 1 stage ≥ 52 Hz
st
Relay F12 1”
Under / Overspeed protection (Teleperm)

Overload ≥ 7600Α with delay time Relay F11

Stator earth fault 100% Relay F12

Stator earth fault 90% Relay F21

Rotor earth fault Relay F12

Overexcitation (Overflux) Relay F12

Start-up earth fault Relay F12

Generator bay total differential protection Relay F15

Step-up transformer tank protection Relay F15

Generator differential protection Relay F16

Unit auxiliary transformer differential prot. Relay F17

Overcurrent protection ≥ 8700A Relay F22 3”

< Impedance with delay time Relay F21

Unbalance load protection Relay F21

Out of step protection Relay F21

15kV Breaker failure protection Relay F22 see item 4

Direct current voltage protection Relay F22

Step-up transformer earth fault Relay F25

Step-up transf. mech. prot. (matrix ch. 23 & 24) see item 5

Unit transformer maximum current Relay F27

Unit transformer earth fault Relay F27

Unit aux. transf. mech. prot. (matrix ch. 23 & 24) see item 5

SS bay D08 prot. ch. 1 (matrix ch. 23 & 24) see item 5
SS bay D08 prot. ch. 2 (matrix ch. 23 & 24) see item 5

Unit auxiliary transformer firefighting protection

Step-up transformer firefighting protection

Excitation fail (transformer or panel)

Rapid shutdown

Open Open 6,6kV Bkr SFC GT1G GT1 Open

220kV 15kV De- Rapid Exciter
Tripping Tripping excitation
Breaker Breaker Shutdown Breaker

Plant trip org. rev. 1 Page 6 of 33

4 GT1 15KV BREAKER FAILURE
(See item 3)

15kV breaker trip circuit 1 power supply off

15kV breaker trip circuit 1 continuity interrupted (wire broken)

15kV breaker trip circuit 1
supervision alarm (relay F22)

OR
15kV breaker trip coil 1 burnt

15kV breaker selected “Local”

AND
15kV breaker trip circuit 2 power supply off

15kV breaker trip circuit 2 continuity interrupted (wire broken)

OR

15kV breaker trip coil 2 burnt 15kV breaker trip circuit 2

supervision alarm (relay F12)
15kV breaker selected “Local” 15kV Breaker not ready to open

OR
Hydraulic oil pressure too low (2nd stage)

SF6 pressure too low (2nd stage)

15kV Bkr failure (F22)

Generator 15kV current > 700 A See item 3
AND

0.5”

15kV breaker trip command (tripping matrix)

Alarm in DCS
st
Hydraulic oil pressure too low (1 stage)

Prevent 15kV breaker closing

SF6 pressure too low (1st stage)

Alarm in DCS

Plant trip org. rev. 1 Page 7 of 33

5 GT1 220KV BREAKER AND TRANSFORMERS MECHANICAL PROTECTION
(See item 3)

Trip 1 from generator tripping matrix Unit aux. transf. OLTC Buccholtz trip

Unit aux. transf. main tank Buccholtz trip

Trip 1 from 220kV bus-bar protection
Unit aux. transf. OLTC press. relief trip
Re-trip 1 from generator 220kV breaker failure protection see item 6
Unit aux. transf. main tank press. relief trip

Unit aux. transf. OLTC low oil level trip

Step-up transf. diff. prot. trip 1 (F87T)

OR
220kV cable high diff. prot. trip 1 (F87H) Unit aux. transf. main tank low oil level Trip matrix ch. 24

OR
Ph + N overcurrent prot. trip 1 (F50…) Unit aux. transf. winding temperature trip
Step-up transf. Buccholtz trip
Unit aux. transf. oil temperature trip
Step-up transf. low oil level trip
Step-up transf. oil high temp. trip
Trip gen. 220kV
Step-up transf. wind high temp. trip breaker channel 1
Gen. break. main prot
Step-up transf. press relief device trip lock out relay F86M
OR

Unit aux. transf.. wind high temp. trip Generator 220kV breaker bay protection to matrix
Unit aux. transf. press relief device trip
Unit aux. transf. OLTC pr. rel. dev. trip
Unit aux. transf. OLTC low oil level trip
Unit aux. transf. main tank low low level
Unit aux. transf. OLTC Buccholtz trip
Unit aux. transf. main tank Buccholtz trip
Unit aux. transf. oil high temp. trip

Trip from gen 220kV breaker failure relay to matrix (PCC1) see item 6

Step-up transf. diff. prot. trip 2 (F87T)

Generator 220kV breaker bay protection to matrix
OR

220kV cable high diff. prot. trip 2 (F87H)

Ph + N overcurrent prot. trip 2 (F50…) Step-up tansf Buccholtz trip
Step-up transf. Buccholtz trip
Step-up transf press. relief device trip
Step-up transf. low oil level trip
Trip matrix ch. 23
OR

Step-up transf. oil high temp. trip

Step-up transf low oil level trip
Step-up transf. wind high temp. trip
Step-up transf winding temperature trip
Step-up transf. press relief device trip
OR

Unit aux. transf.. wind high temp. trip

Gen. break. main prot Step-up transf oil temperature trip
Unit aux. transf. press relief device trip lock out relay F86B
Unit aux. transf. OLTC pr. rel. dev. trip
Unit aux. transf. OLTC low oil level trip
Unit aux. transf. main tank low low level
Unit aux. transf. OLTC Buccholtz trip Trip gen. 220kV
breaker channel 2
OR

Unit aux. transf. main tank Buccholtz trip

Unit aux. transf. oil high temp. trip

Trip 2 from generator tripping matrix

Trip 2 from 220kV busbar protection

Re-trip 2 from gener. 220kV breaker failure protec. See item 6

Plant trip org. rev. 1 Page 8 of 33

6 GT1 220KV BREAKER FAILURE
(See item 5)

220kV breaker trip circuit 1 power supply off

220kV breaker trip circuit 1

220kV breaker trip circuit 1 continuity interrupted (wire broken) supervision alarm CHA12 – A71

OR
220kV breaker trip coil 1 burnt

AND
220kV breaker trip circuit 2 power supply off

220kV breaker Trip circuit 2 continuity interrupted (wire broken)

OR
220kV breaker Trip coil 2 burnt 220kV breaker trip circuit 2
supervision alarm CHA12 – A72
220kV Breaker not ready to open

OR
Loss of nitrogen pressure

Hydraulic oil pressure too low

SF6 pressure too low (breaker or compartment)

220kV BB protection

220kV Bkr failure

150 ms
Generator 220kV current > 300 A
Gen. trip matrix
See item 6
AND

220kV breaker trip command from matrix PCC1

Re-trip 220kV breaker D08

220kV breaker trip command from S/S protection F86M 50 ms
OR

220kV breaker trip command from S/S protection F86B

220kV breaker trip command from 220kV busbar protection

Plant trip org. rev. 1 Page 9 of 33

7 GT1 220KV BREAKER (LOAD REJECTION)
(See item 1)

Underfrequency ≤ 48,5Hz Relay F12

1”

Overfrequency ≥ 52 Hz Relay F12

1”

Overcurrent ≥ 8700 Relay F22

3”

Under / Overspeed protection 1st stage (Teleperm)

Re-trip signal from 220kV breaker failure protection see item 6

Trip signal from 220kV busbar protection

LOAD
OR

OIS command open REJECTION

Teleperm local screen (PCC) command open

Open 220kV breaker

GT1 forced on speed control

Teleperm remote screen (CCR) command open

Teleperm mimic panel (PCC) command open

Substation (CCR) mimic panel command open

Substation (220kV bldg) Bay D08 local panel command open

Plant trip org. rev. 1 Page 10 of 33

8 GT1 15KV GENERATOR BREAKER (FULL SPEED NO LOAD)
(See item 3)

Reverse Power Relay F12

6”

Reverse Power Relay F21

6”

Underexcitation protection Relay F 11

Overvoltage protection Relay F 11

Overload protection Relay F 11

Unbalanced load protection Relay F 21

FULL SPEED
OR

Out of step protection Relay F 21

NO LOAD

Rotor earth fault protection Relay F 12

Open 15kV Breaker

Overexcitation (overflux) protection Relay F 12

Open Excitation Breaker

OIS command open

Teleperm local screen (PCC) command open

Teleperm remote screen (CCR) command open

Teleperm mimic panel (PCC) command open

Plant trip org. rev. 1 Page 11 of 33

9 GT2 TRIP
(See item 1)

2/3 Turbine bearing high high temperature >120°C

2/3 Compressor bearing high high temperature > 120°C

2/3 Generator TS bearing high high temperature > 120°C

2/3 Generator ES bearing high high temperature > 120°C

2/3 Thrust bearing AFT high high temperature > 120°C

2/3 Thrust bearing FWD high high temperature > 120°C

2/2 Turbine bearing high high vibration > 14,7 mm/s

2/2 Compressor bearing high high vibration > 14,7 mm/s

2/2 Generator bearing TE high high vibration 14,7 mm/s

2/2 Generator bearing EE high high vibration 14,7 mm/s

2/3 High high turbine outlet temperature 1 (641°C), 2 (655°C), 3 (659°C)

2/3 High high turbine outlet temperature 4 (657°C), 5 (636°C), 6 (631°C)

1/2 Flame monitor fault

Both forwarding pumps trip

Both injection pumps trip

Pressure upstream Injection pumps low low < 3 bar

Fuel oil feed pressure low low 16 bar

Oil lubricant low low pressure < 1 bar

Lube oil tank low low level < 190 mm

GT2
Teleperm both PLC out of order TRIP
OR

Fuel oil drain system not closed

Fire fighting trip Open 15kV breaker

GT Overspeed > 3240 rpm
Open excitation breaker
2 TC outlet temperature out of order
Close the IGV
Loss of 2 turbine speed measurement

PLC Turbine controller out of order

Generator protection see item 10

2/2 Generator hot air temperature TS high high > 94°C

2/2 Generator hot air temperature ES high high > 110°C

Compressor inlet differential pressure low low < 30 mbar

Compressor pumping protection

OIS emergency trip

Back-up panel emergency trip

PCC emergency trip

GT hall emergency trip N° 1

GT hall emergency trip N° 2

GT hall emergency trip N° 3

Fuel oil leakege pressure high

HRSG2 trip see item 16

60”
AND

HRSG2 diverter damper not closed

Plant trip org. rev. 1 Page 12 of 33

10 GT2 GENERATOR TRIP
(See item 9) Open Open 6,6kV Bkr SFC GT1G GT1 Open
220kV 15kV De- Rapid Exciter
Tripping Tripping
Breaker Breaker excitation Shutdown Breaker

Underexcitation Relay F11

Reverse power 6,8 MW Relay F11 6”

Reverse power - 6,8 MW Relay F21 6”
Overvoltage >16,2kV (2,5”) or 19,1kV (0,5”) Relay F11

Underfrequency 2nd stage ≤ 47,5 Hz Relay F11 1”

Underfrequency 1 stage ≤ 48,5 Hz
st
Relay F12 1”
Overfrequency 2nd stage ≥ 52,1 Hz Relay F11 20”
Overfrequency 1 stage ≥ 52 Hz
st
Relay F12 1”
Under / Overspeed protection (Teleperm)

Overload ≥ 7600Α with delay time Relay F11

Stator earth fault 100% Relay F12

Stator earth fault 90% Relay F21

Rotor earth fault Relay F12

Overexcitation (Overflux) Relay F12

Start-up earth fault Relay F12

Generator bay total differential protection Relay F15

Step-up transformer tank protection Relay F15

Generator differential protection Relay F16

Unit auxiliary transformer differential prot. Relay F17

Overcurrent protection ≥ 8700A Relay F22 3”

< Impedance with delay time Relay F21

Unbalance load protection Relay F21

Out of step protection Relay F21

15kV Breaker failure protection Relay F22 see item 11

Direct current voltage protection Relay F22

Step-up transformer earth fault Relay F25

Step-up transf. mech. prot. (matrix ch. 23 & 24) see item 12

Unit transformer maximum current Relay F27

Unit transformer earth fault Relay F27

Unit aux. transf. mech. prot. (matrix ch. 23 & 24) see item 12

SS bay D09 prot. ch. 1 (matrix ch. 23 & 24) see item 12
SS bay D09 prot. ch. 2 (matrix ch. 23 & 24) see item 12

Unit auxiliary transformer firefighting protection

Step-up transformer firefighting protection

Excitation fail (transformer or panel)

Rapid shutdown

Open Open 6,6kV Bkr SFC GT1G GT1 Open

220kV 15kV De- Rapid Exciter
Tripping Tripping excitation
Breaker Breaker Shutdown Breaker

Plant trip org. rev. 1 Page 13 of 33

11 GT2 15KV BREAKER FAILURE
(See item 10)

15kV breaker trip circuit 1 power supply off

15kV breaker trip circuit 1 continuity interrupted (wire broken)

15kV breaker trip circuit 1
supervision alarm (relay F22)

OR
15kV breaker trip coil 1 burnt

15kV breaker selected “Local”

AND
15kV breaker trip circuit 2 power supply off

15kV breaker trip circuit 2 continuity interrupted (wire broken)

OR

15kV breaker trip coil 2 burnt 15kV breaker trip circuit 2

supervision alarm (relay F12)
15kV breaker selected “Local” 15kV Breaker not ready to open

OR
Hydraulic oil pressure too low (2nd stage)

SF6 pressure too low (2nd stage)

Generator 15kV current > 700 A

AND

15kV Bkr failure (F22)

0.5”

15kV breaker trip command (tripping matrix)

Alarm in DCS

Hydraulic oil pressure too low (1st stage)

Prevent 15kV breaker closing

SF6 pressure too low (1st stage)

Alarm in DCS

Plant trip org. rev. 1 Page 14 of 33

12 GT2 220KV BREAKER AND TRANSFORMERS MECHANICAL PROTECTION
(See item 10)

Trip 1 from generator tripping matrix Unit aux. transf. OLTC Buccholtz trip

Unit aux. transf. main tank Buccholtz trip

Trip 1 from 220kV bus-bar protection
Unit aux. transf. OLTC press. relief trip
Re-trip 1 from generator 220kV breaker failure protection see item 13
Unit aux. transf. main tank press. relief trip

Unit aux. transf. OLTC low oil level trip

Step-up transf. diff. prot. trip 1 (F87T)

OR
220kV cable high diff. prot. trip 1 (F87H) Unit aux. transf. main tank low oil level Trip matrix ch. 24

OR
Ph + N overcurrent prot. trip 1 (F50…) Unit aux. transf. winding temperature trip
Step-up transf. Buccholtz trip
Unit aux. transf. oil temperature trip
Step-up transf. low oil level trip
Step-up transf. oil high temp. trip
Trip gen. 220kV
Step-up transf. wind high temp. trip breaker channel 1
Gen. break. main prot
Step-up transf. press relief device trip lock out relay F86M
OR

Unit aux. transf.. wind high temp. trip Generator 220kV breaker bay protection to matrix
Unit aux. transf. press relief device trip
Unit aux. transf. OLTC pr. rel. dev. trip
Unit aux. transf. OLTC low oil level trip
Unit aux. transf. main tank low low level
Unit aux. transf. OLTC Buccholtz trip
Unit aux. transf. main tank Buccholtz trip
Unit aux. transf. oil high temp. trip

Trip from gen 220kV breaker failure relay to matrix (PCC2) see item 13

Step-up transf. diff. prot. trip 2 (F87T)

Generator 220kV breaker bay protection to matrix
OR

220kV cable high diff. prot. trip 2 (F87H)

Ph + N overcurrent prot. trip 2 (F50…) Step-up tansf Buccholtz trip
Step-up transf. Buccholtz trip
Step-up transf press. relief device trip
Step-up transf. low oil level trip
Trip matrix ch. 23
OR

Step-up transf. oil high temp. trip

Step-up transf low oil level trip
Step-up transf. wind high temp. trip
Step-up transf winding temperature trip
Step-up transf. press relief device trip
OR

Unit aux. transf.. wind high temp. trip

Gen. break. main prot Step-up transf oil temperature trip
Unit aux. transf. press relief device trip lock out relay F86B
Unit aux. transf. OLTC pr. rel. dev. trip
Unit aux. transf. OLTC low oil level trip
Unit aux. transf. main tank low low level
Unit aux. transf. OLTC Buccholtz trip Trip gen. 220kV
breaker channel 2
OR

Unit aux. transf. main tank Buccholtz trip

Unit aux. transf. oil high temp. trip

Trip 2 from generator tripping matrix

Trip 2 from 220kV busbar protection

Re-trip 2 from gener. 220kV breaker failure protec. See item 13

Plant trip org. rev. 1 Page 15 of 33

13 GT2 220KV BREAKER FAILURE
(See item 12)

220kV breaker trip circuit 1 power supply off

220kV breaker trip circuit 1

220kV breaker trip circuit 1 continuity interrupted (wire broken) supervision alarm CHA12 – A71

OR
220kV breaker trip coil 1 burnt

AND
220kV breaker trip circuit 2 power supply off

220kV breaker Trip circuit 2 continuity interrupted (wire broken)

OR

220kV breaker Trip coil 2 burnt 220kV breaker trip circuit 2

supervision alarm CHA12 – A72
220kV Breaker not ready to open

OR
Loss of nitrogen pressure

Hydraulic oil pressure too low

SF6 pressure too low (breaker or compartment)

220kV BB protection

220kV Bkr failure

Generator 220kV current > 300 A 150 ms
Gen. trip matrix
See item 12
AND

220kV breaker trip command from matrix PCC2

Re-trip 220kV breaker D08

220kV breaker trip command from S/S protection F86M 50 ms
OR

220kV breaker trip command from S/S protection F86B

220kV breaker trip command from 220kV busbar protection

Plant trip org. rev. 1 Page 16 of 33

14 GT2 220KV BREAKER (LOAD REJECTION)
(See item 1)

Underfrequency ≤ 48,5Hz Relay F12

1”

Overfrequency ≥ 52 Hz Relay F12

1”

Overcurrent ≥ 8700 Relay F22

3”

Under / overspeed protection 1st stage (Teleperm)

Re-trip signal from 220kV breaker failure protection see item 13

Trip signal from 220kV busbar protection

LOAD
OR

OIS command open REJECTION

Teleperm local screen (PCC) command open

Open 220kV breaker

GT1 forced on speed control

Teleperm remote screen (CCR) command open

Teleperm mimic panel (PCC) command open

Substation (CCR) mimic panel command open

Substation (220kV bldg) Bay D08 local panel command open

Plant trip org. rev. 1 Page 17 of 33

15 GT2 15KV GENERATOR BREAKER (FULL SPEED NO LOAD)
(See item 10)

Reverse Power Relay F12

6”

Reverse Power Relay F21

6”

Underexcitation protection Relay F 11

Overvoltage protection Relay F 11

Overload protection Relay F 11

Unbalanced load protection Relay F 21

FULL SPEED
OR

Out of step protection Relay F 21

NO LOAD

Rotor earth fault protection Relay F 12

Open 15kV Breaker

Overexcitation (overflux) protection Relay F 12

Open Excitation Breaker

OIS command open

Teleperm local screen (PCC) command open

Teleperm remote screen (CCR) command open

Teleperm mimic panel (PCC) command open

Plant trip org. rev. 1 Page 18 of 33

16 HRSG1 TRIP
(See item 1)

Diverter damper not closed

2/3 LP drum high high level ≥450mm

10”

AND
2/3 LP drum low low level ≤-700mm

OR
2/3 HP drum high high level ≥450mm
10”

2/3 HP drum low low level ≤-700mm

Both LP evap. circulating pumps not running

AND

15”
Diverter damper not closed

Both HP evap. circulating pumps not running

AND

15”
Diverter damper not closed

GT1 trip See item 2

AND

Diverter damper not closed

OR

GT1 load rejection See item 7

AND

HRSG1
Diverter damper not closed
TRIP

Steam turbine trip See item 19 Diverter damper fast closing (19”)
AND

HRSG1 By-pass not available See item 24 HRSG1 HP/LP main steam valve closing if is are Auto mode

HP/LP blowdown closing

Steam turbine load rejection See item 29
AND

HRSG1 By-pass not available See item 24

OIS emergency trip

Back-up panel emergency trip

HRSG emergency push button

Plant trip org. rev. 1 Page 19 of 33

17 HRSG2 TRIP
(See item 1)

Diverter damper not closed

2/3 LP drum high high level ≥450mm

10”

AND
2/3 LP drum low low level ≤-700mm

OR
2/3 HP drum high high level ≥450mm
10”

2/3 HP drum low low level ≤-700mm

Both LP evap. circulating pumps not running

AND

15”
Diverter damper not closed

Both HP evap. circulating pumps not running

AND

15”
Diverter damper not closed

GT2 trip See item 9

AND

Diverter damper not closed

OR

GT2 load rejection See item 14

AND

HRSG2
Diverter damper not closed
TRIP

Steam turbine trip See item 19 Diverter damper fast closing (19”)
AND

HRSG2 By-pass not available See item 24 HRSG2 HP/LP main steam valve closing if is are Auto mode

HP/LP blowdown closing

Steam turbine load rejection See item 29
AND

HRSG2 By-pass not available See item 24

OIS emergency trip

Back-up panel emergency trip

HRSG emergency push button

Plant trip org. rev. 1 Page 20 of 33

18 HRSGS DIVERTER DAMPER RUNBACK

2/3 LP feedwater pumps are out of service

AND
The total HP flow to Steam Turbine is > 300t/h
HRSGs Diverter Dampers

OR
Runback
1/2 Circulating water pump is out of service To position 52%

AND
The total HP flow to Steam Turbine is > 300t/h

2/3 HP feedwater pumps HRSG1 are out of service

AND

HRSG1 HP steam flow > 150 t/h

HRSG1 Diverter Damper

OR

Runback
To position 70%
Steam Turbine trip
OR

Steam Turbine load rejection

AND

Steam Turbine total HP steam flow > 300t/h

HRSG2 Diverter Damper

Runback
OR

To position 70%

2/3 HP FW Pumps HRSG2 are out of service

AND

HRSG2 HP steam flow > 150 t/h

Plant trip org. rev. 1 Page 21 of 33

19 STEAM TURBINE TRIP
(See item 1)
2/3 Control oil low low pressure ≤ 25 bar

2/3 Condenser vacuum low low ≥ 0,25 bar abs

2/3 Overspeed ≥ 110%

2/3 Lubrication oil low low pressure ≤ 0,9 bar

2/3 Gen. cooler air inlet temp. turbine side ≥ 55 °C

2/3 Gen cooler air inlet temp. excit. side ≥ 55 °C

2/3 excessive thrust bearing wear ≥ ± 0.8 mm

Bearing N° 1 high high temperature ≥ 120 °C

Bearing N° 2 high high temperature ≥ 120 °C

Bearing N° 3 high high temperature ≥ 120 °C

Bearing N° 4 high high temperature ≥ 120 °C

Bearing N° 5 high high temperature ≥ 120 °C

Servo valves trip See item 21

HP Turbine 18th stage temperature ≥ 530 °C

Lubrication oil tank low low level ≤ 700mm

Bearing N° 1 high high vibration ≥ 270 µm

STEAM TURBINE
OR

Bearing N° 2 high high vibration ≥ 270 µm

TRIP
Bearing N° 3 high high vibration ≥ 270 µm
De-energize trips solenoids valves A/B/C
Bearing N° 4 high high vibration ≥ 270 µm
HP/LP by-pass fast opening if the load is > 30%
Bearing N° 5 high high vibration ≥ 270 µm
Bleeding motorized valve closing
Steam temp. downstream L1 rotating row ≥ 200°C
Bleeding check valves forced to close
Diverter dampers HRSG1/2 closed See items16 &17
Bleeding drains forced to open
2/2 BOP Trip (close cycle water low low flow)
20” Deaerator pegging control valve forced to man and close
DCS trip See item 22
HRSG1 diverter damper forced to 70% if HP steam flow > 150t/h
DEHC trip See item 23
HRSG2 diverter damper forced to 70% if HP steam flow > 150t/h
Overspeed (Intermediate value A, B, C ≥ 112% 2/3 invalid)
Pressure control forced to “constant”

Rotor stress evaluator See item 20 Turbine drains and vents forced to open

HP differential expansion high high ≥+4,2 or ≤-4,2 Partial vacuum breaking if valve is in Auto mode

LP differential expansion high high ≥+6,35 or ≤-6,35 Open 15kV breaker

2/2 Generator trip See item 25 Open excitation breaker

OIS emergency trip At 2700 rpm start lube & lifting oil pumps

Back-up panel emergency trip

Plant trip org. rev. 1 Page 22 of 33

20 STEAM TURBINE ROTOR STRESS EVALUATOR TRIP
(See item 19)

[Rotor bore stress- (1,05*rotor bore stress for control) - (1,05*rotor bore stress for control/1000)]> 50°C

OR
30’
[Rotor surface stress- (1,05*rotor surface stress for control) - (1,05*rotor surface stress for control/1000)] >50°C

[Rotor bore stress- (Surface stress limit for trip) - (Surface limit for trip/1000)] > 50°C

AND
[Average Rotor bore temperature] > 50°C

[Rotor surface stress- (Surface stress limit for trip) - (Surface stress limit for trip/1000)] > 50°C

AND

OR
[Surface temperature average temperature] > 0°C

[Rotor bore stress- (Surface bore stress limit for trip) - (Rotor bore stress limit for trip/1000)] > 50°C

AND
60’
[Average rotor bore temperature] < 0°C

[Rotor surface stress- (Rotor surface stress limit for trip) - (Rotor surface stress limit for trip/1000)] > 50°C

AND 60’
[Surface temperature average temperature] < 0°C

STEAM TURBINE
TRIP

Plant trip org. rev. 1 Page 23 of 33

21 STEAM TURBINE SERVO VALVES TRIP
(See item 19)

Turbine speed < 2920 rpm

AND
15kV breaker closed

High acceleration or low frequency

OR
Turbine speed > 3030 rpm Initial pressure limiting > 0,1

OR
Acceleration > 8 rpm/s2
AND

15kV breaker open

15kV breaker closed

AND
Vickers CV1 or CV2 in bad quality

OR
Auto Tune error

Turbine speed < 2920 rpm

OR
AND

15kV breaker closed

OR

High acceleration or low frequency

Turbine speed > 3030 rpm
OR

15kV breaker open

Acceleration > 8 rpm/s2
OR

AND

15kV breaker closed

Vickers 2nd admission in bad quality

OR

Auto Tune error

STEAM TURBINE
TRIP

Plant trip org. rev. 1 Page 24 of 33

22 STEAM TURBINE DCS TRIP
(See item 19)

HRSG1 HP drum high high level ≥ 450 mm

10”

HRSG1 HP main steam valve or bypass valve not closed

AND
HRSG1 HP main steam shutoff valve or bypass valve not closed

HRSG1 LP drum high high level ≥ 450 mm

10”

HRSG1 LP main steam valve or bypass valve not closed

AND
HRSG1 LP main steam shutoff valve or bypass valve not closed

HRSG2 HP drum high high level ≥ 450 mm

10”

HRSG” HP main steam valve or bypass valve not closed

AND
HRSG2 HP main steam shutoff valve or bypass valve not closed

OR
HRSG2 LP drum high high level ≥ 450 mm
10”

HRSG2 LP main steam valve or bypass valve not closed

AND

HRSG2 LP main steam shutoff valve or bypass valve not closed

Condenser hotwell high high level ≥ 1200 mm

15”

Circulation water pump N° 1 not running

AND

60”
Circulation water pump N° 2 not running

Deaerator level high high > 3000 mm

AND

60”
Both bleeding check valves not closed

STEAM TURBINE
TRIP

Plant trip org. rev. 1 Page 25 of 33

23 STEAM TURBINE DEHC TRIP
(See item 19)

Bad quality of hydraulic servomotor of control valve N° 1

Bad quality of hydraulic servomotor of control valve N° 2

OR
Bad quality of hydraulic servomotor of second admission control valve

2/3 Speed measurement invalid

STEAM TURBINE
TRIP

Plant trip org. rev. 1 Page 26 of 33

24 STEAM TURBINE BY-PASS
(See item 1)

The HP/LP by-pass taken into consideration is relevant to HRSG1.

Same logic is valid for HRSG2.

Oil pressure low low

Tank oil level low low

Both oil pumps emergency stop (overcurrent) OR

Condenser vacuum very low > 0,35 bar abs

And

Turbine speed > 2700 rpm

Condenser vacuum very low > 0,7 bar abs

And

Turbine speed <2700 rpm

Condenser level high high ≥ 1200mm

10”

LP by-pass discharge temp. ≥ 165 °C

HP by-pass discharge temp. ≥ 185 °C

5”

Condensate pressure low low ≤ 8,5 bar

OR
And

10”
LP by-pass ctrl pressure valve not closed
HP/LP BY-PASS
Condensate pressure low low ≤ 8,5 bar
UNAVAILABLE
And

5”
HP by-pass ctrl pressure valve not closed
HRSG LP/HP by-pass unavailable
LP by-pass spray water valve closed

LP by-pass pressure ctrl valve not closed

And

Downstream by-pass valve temp. ≥ 165 °C

HP by-pass spray water valve closed

HP by-pass pressure ctrl valve not closed

And

Downstream by-pass valve temp. ≥ 185 °C

Plant trip org. rev. 1 Page 27 of 33

25 STEAM TURBINE GENERATOR TRIP
Open Open STG ST Open
(See item 19) 220kV 15kV De- Rapid Exciter
Breaker Breaker excitation Shutdown Breaker

Underexcitation Relay F11

Reverse power –1,4 MW Relay F11

10”
Reverse power –1,4 MW Relay F21
10”
Overvoltage >17,3kV (2,5”) or 20,5kV (0,5”) Relay F11

Underfrequency ≤ 48 Hz 2nd stage Relay F11

6”
Underfrequency ≤ 48,5 Hz 1 stage st
Relay F12
1”
Overfrequency ≥ 52,1 Hz 2 stage
nd
Relay F11
6”
Overfrequency ≥ 51,5 Hz 1st stage Relay F12
1”
Overload ≥ 8000Α with delay time Relay F11

Stator earth fault 100% Relay F12

Stator earth fault 90% Relay F21

Rotor earth fault Relay F12

Overexcitation (Overflux) Relay F12

Start-up earth fault Relay F12

Generator bay total differential protection Relay F15

Step-up transformer tank protection Relay F15

Generator differential protection Relay F16

Generator emergency stop from back-up desk

Overcurrent protection ≥ 9100A with delay time Relay F22
3”
< Impedance with delay time Relay F21

Unbalance load protection Relay F21

Out of step protection Relay F21

15kV breaker failure protection Relay F22 see item 26

2/2 Turbine rapid shutdown

Step-up transformer earth fault Relay F25
Step-up transf. mech. prot. (matrix ch. 23 & 24) see item 27

Excitation transformer maximum current Relay F27

Excitation transf. mech. prot. (matrix ch. 23 & 24) see item 27

Excitation equipment failure

SS bay D15 protection channel 1 (matrix ch. 23 & 24)

SS bay D15 protection channel 2 (matrix ch. 23 & 24)

Excitation transformer firefighting protection

Step-up transformer firefighting protection

Open Open STG ST Open

220kV 15kV De- Rapid Exciter
Breaker Breaker excitation Shutdown Breaker

Plant trip org. rev. 1 Page 28 of 33

26 STEAM TURBINE 15KV BREAKER FAILURE
(See item 25)

15kV breaker trip circuit 1 power supply off

15kV breaker trip circuit 1 continuity interrupted (wire broken)

15kV breaker trip circuit 1

OR
supervision alarm (relay F22)
15kV breaker trip coil 1 burnt

15kV breaker selected “Local”

AND
15kV breaker trip circuit 2 power supply off

15kV breaker trip circuit 2 continuity interrupted (wire broken)

OR

15kV breaker trip coil 2 burnt 15kV breaker trip circuit 2

supervision alarm (relay F12)
15kV breaker selected “Local” 15kV Breaker not ready to open

OR
Hydraulic oil pressure too low (2nd stage)

SF6 pressure too low (2nd stage)

Generator 15kV current > 700 A

AND

15kV Bkr failure (F22)

0.5”

15kV breaker trip command (tripping matrix)

Alarm in DCS
st
Hydraulic oil pressure too low (1 stage)

Prevent 15kV breaker closing

SF6 pressure too low (1st stage)

Alarm in DCS

Plant trip org. rev. 1 Page 29 of 33

27 ST 220KV BREAKER AND TRANSFORMERS MECHANICAL PROTECTION
(See item 25)

Trip 1 from generator tripping matrix ST Exc transf. Buccholtz Trip

Trip 1 from 220kV busbar protection ST Exc transf. low oil level Trip

Re-trip 1 from gener. 220kV bkr. failure protect see item 28 ST Exc transf. oil high temp. Trip

ST Exc transf. winding high temp. Trip

ST Exc transf. press relief device Trip

OR
Trip matrix ch. 24

OR
Step-up transf. diff. prot. trip 1 (F87T)
Trip gen. 220kV
220kV cable high diff. prot. trip 1 (F87H) breaker channel 1

Ph + N overcurrent prot. trip 1 (F50…)

Gen. break. main prot
Step-up transf. Buccholtz trip lock out relay F86M
OR

Step-up transf. low oil level trip

Generator 220kV breaker bay protection to matrix
Step-up transf. oil high temp. trip

Step up transf. winding high temp. trip

Step up transf. Press. Relif device trip

Trip from gen 220kV breaker failure relay to matrix.(CCR) see item 28
OR

Generator 220kV breaker bay protection to matrix

Step-up transf. diff. prot. trip 2 (F87T)

220kV cable high diff. prot. trip 2 (F87H)

Ph + N Overcurrent prot. trip 2 (F50…)

Step-up transf. winding high temp. trip

OR

Gen. break. main prot

Step-up transf. press relief device trip
lock out relay F86B Trip gen. 220kV
Step up transf. Buccholtz trip breaker channel 2 Trip matrix ch. 23
OR

Step up transf. low oil level trip

OR

Step up transf. oil high temp. trip Step-up tansf Buccholtz trip

Step-up transf press. relief device trip

Trip 2 from generator tripping matrix

Trip 2 from 220kV busbar protection Step-up transf low oil level trip

Re-trip 2 from gener. 220kV breaker failure protec. See item 28 Step-up transf winding or oil temp. trip

Plant trip org. rev. 1 Page 30 of 33

28 STEAM TURBINE 220KV BREAKER FAILURE
(See item 27)

220kV breaker trip circuit 1 power supply off

220kV breaker trip circuit 1

220kV breaker trip circuit 1 continuity interrupted (wire broken) supervision alarm CHA12 – A71

OR
220kV breaker trip coil 1 burnt

AND
220kV breaker trip circuit 2 power supply off

220kV breaker Trip circuit 2 continuity interrupted (wire broken)

OR

220kV breaker Trip coil 2 burnt 220kV breaker trip circuit 2

supervision alarm CHA12 – A72
220kV Breaker not ready to open

OR
Loss of nitrogen pressure

Hydraulic oil pressure too low

SF6 pressure too low (breaker or compartment)

220kV BB protection

220kV Bkr failure

Generator 220kV current > 300 A 150 ms
Gen. trip matrix
See item 27
AND

220kV breaker trip command from matrix CCR

Re-trip 220kV breaker D15

220kV breaker trip command from S/S protection F86M 50 ms
OR

220kV breaker trip command from S/S protection F86B

220kV breaker trip command from 220kV busbar protection

Plant trip org. rev. 1 Page 31 of 33

29 STEAM TURBINE 220KV BREAKER (LOAD REJECTION)
(See item 1)

Underfrequency ≤ 48.5Hz Relay F12

1”

Overfrequency ≥ 51.5 Hz Relay F12

1”

Overcurrent ≥ 9100 Relay F22

3”

Re-trip signal from 220kV breaker failure protection

LOAD
Trip signal from 220kV busbar protection
OR

REJECTION

OIS command open

Open 220kV breaker

CCR Back up panel command open
ST forced on speed control

Substation (CCR) mimic panel command open

Substation b ay D15 local panel command open

Plant trip org. rev. 1 Page 32 of 33

30 STEAM TURBINE 15KV BREAKER (FULL SPEED NO LOAD)
(See item 25)

Reverse Power Relay F12

10”

Reverse Power Relay F21

10”

Underexcitation protection Relay F 11

Overvoltage protection Relay F 11

Overload protection Relay F 11

Unbalalanced load protection Relay F 21 FULL SPEED

OR

NO LOAD
Out of step protection Relay F 21

Open 15kV Breaker

Rotor earth fault protection Relay F 12
Open Excitation Breaker

Overflux protection Relay F 12

Generator emergency stop (Back up panel)

OIS command open

Back up desk command open

Plant trip org. rev. 1 Page 33 of 33