Motion in a plane:

1. A particle travels along the parabolic path given by 𝑦 = 𝑏𝑥 2. If its component

of velocity along the y – axis is 𝑣𝑦 = 𝑐𝑡 2 , determine the x and y components

of the particles acceleration. Assume b and c to be positive constants.

𝟑𝒄
Ans: 𝒂𝒙 = √ , 𝒂𝒚 = 𝟐𝒄𝒕
𝟏𝟔 𝒃𝒕
2. A particle moves in the plane according to the law x = kt and 𝑦 = 𝑘𝑡 (1 − 𝛼𝑡)

where k and 𝛼 are positive constants, t is time. Find (a) equation of the

particles trajectory y(x) (b) the velocity v and acceleration a of the particle

𝜶𝒙𝟐
as a f(t). Ans: (a) 𝒚 = 𝒙 − (b) 𝒗 = 𝒌√𝟐 + 𝟒𝜶𝟐 𝒕𝟐 − 𝟒𝜶𝒕 , 𝒂 = 𝟐𝜶𝒌
𝒌

3. A point moves in the plane x – y plane according to the law 𝑥 = 𝑘 sin(𝜔𝑡) and

𝑦 = 𝑘 (1 − cos(𝜔𝑡)) where k and ω are positive constants. Find the distance

travelled by the particle during time t. Ans: kωt

4. Velocity and acceleration of a particle at time t = 0 are 𝑢

⃗ = 2𝑖̂ + 3𝑗̂ ms-1 and

𝑎 = 4𝑖̂ + 2𝑗̂ ms-2 respectively. Find the velocity and displacement of particle

at t = 2 s. Ans: 𝒗
⃗ = 𝟏𝟎𝒊̂ + 𝟕𝒋̂ ms-1 𝒔
⃗ = 𝟏𝟐𝒊̂ + 𝟏𝟎𝒋̂ m

5. The speed of the particle moving in a plane is equal to the magnitude of its

instantaneous velocity. 𝑣 = |𝑣 | = √𝑣𝑥2 + 𝑣𝑦2, show that the rate of change of

𝑑𝑣 𝑎⃗ ∙𝑣⃗
the speed is = |𝑣⃗ |
𝑑𝑡

6. A particle of mass 1 kg has a velocity of 2 m/s. A constant force of 2 N acts

on the particle for 1 s in a direction perpendicular to its initial velocity. Find

the velocity and displacement of the particle at the end of 1 s.

Ans: 𝒗
⃗ = 𝟐𝒊̂ + 𝟐𝒋̂ ms-1 𝒔
⃗ = 𝟐𝒊̂ + 𝒋̂ m
7. A particle is moving in a plane with velocity given by 𝑣 = 𝑢0 𝑖̂ + [𝑎𝜔 cos(𝜔𝑡)]𝑗̂.

If the particle is at the origin at t = 0, (a) calculate the trajectory of the

3𝜋
particle (b) find its distance from the origin at time .
2𝜔

𝒙 𝟗𝝅𝟐 𝒖𝟐𝟎
Ans: (a) 𝒚 = 𝒂 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝝎 ( ) (b) 𝒓 = √𝒂𝟐 +
𝒖𝟎 𝟒𝝎𝟐

8. Velocity of a particle in x-y plane at any time t is 𝑣 = 2𝑡 𝑖̂ + 3𝑡 2 𝑗̂ ms-1. At t =0,

particle starts from the coordinate (2m, 4m). Find (a) acceleration of the

particle at t = 1 s (b) position vector and coordinates of the particle at t = 2s.

Ans: (a) 𝒂
⃗ = 𝟐𝒊̂ + 𝟔𝒋̂ (b) 𝒓
⃗ = 𝟔𝒊̂ + 𝟏𝟐𝒋̂
9.

Velocity of a particle in x- y plane at any time t is given by 𝑣 ms-1. At t = 0, particle

is at the co-ordinates (x m, y m). Then, Column I give the values of 𝑣 , Column II

give the values of initial coordinates at t =0 and Column III gives the time at any

instant
Column I Column II Column III
(I) 𝑣 = 2𝑡𝑖̂ + 3𝑡 2 𝑗̂)
( (i) (0,0) (P) t = 1 s
(II) 𝑣 = (6𝑡𝑖̂ + 8𝑡𝑗̂) (ii) (2,4) (Q) t = 2 s
(III) 𝑣 = (2𝑖̂ + 2𝑡𝑗̂) (iii) (1,1) (R) t = 3 s
(IV) 𝑣 = [3𝑖̂ + (6 − 2𝑡)𝑗̂] (iv) (2,2) (S) t = 4 s

(a) In which case the coordinates of the particle can be (6 m,12 m)

(a) (I) (ii) (Q) (b) (II) (iii) (P) (c) (III) (i) (R) (d) (IV) (i) (R) Ans: a
(b). In which case the coordinates of the particle can be (9 m,9 m)
(a) (I) (iii) (s) (b) (IV) (i) (R) (c) (III) (i) (P) (d) (II) (ii) (Q) Ans: b
(c). In which case the coordinates of the particle can be (2 m,1 m)
(a) (I) (iii) (s) (b) (IV) (i) (R) (c) (III) (i) (Q) (d) (II) (i) (P) Ans: d

12. A particle moves in x – y plane with a velocity given by 𝑣 = (8𝑡 − 2)𝑖̂ + 2𝑗̂. If
it passes through the point (14, 4) at t = 2 seconds, then the equation of the
path is given by 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏𝑦 + 𝑐𝑦 2 = 𝑑 . Then find the value of (a + b + c + d).
Ans: 3
13. A particle travels so that its acceleration is given by 𝑎 = 5 cos 𝑡 𝑖̂ − 3 sin 𝑡 𝑗̂. If
the particle is located at (-3, 2) at time t = 0 and is moving with a velocity
given by (−3𝑖̂ + 2𝑗̂). Find (a) the velocity at time t and (b) the position vector
of the particle at time t > 0. Ans: (a) 𝒗
⃗ = (𝟓 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝒕 − 𝟑)𝒊̂ + (𝟑 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝒕 − 𝟏)𝒋̂
(b) 𝒔
⃗ = (𝟐 − 𝟓 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝒕 − 𝟑𝒕)𝒊̂ + (𝟐 + 𝟑 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝒕 − 𝒕)𝒋̂
14. A particle starts from rest at a distance a from the centre of force which

attracts inversely as the distance. Then the time of arriving at the centre is

a√𝜋⁄𝑛𝜇 , where μ is a constant. Find the value of n. Ans: 2

15. A particle is moving along the locus: 𝑦 = 𝑘 √𝑥 (k > 0) with a constant speed v.

At t = 0, it is at the origin and about to enter the first quadrant of x – y axes.

At some later time, t > 0, 𝑣𝑥 = 𝑣𝑦 . At this moment, [𝑎𝑦 − 𝑎𝑥 ] is:

𝑣2 𝑣2 𝑣2 𝑣2
(A) (B) (C) − (D) − Ans: C
𝑘2 2𝑘 2 𝑘2 4𝑘 2