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Multimedia is the media that uses multiple forms of information content and
information processing (e.g. text, audio, graphics, animation, video, interactivity) to
inform or entertain the user. Multimedia also refers to the use of electronic media to
store and experience multimedia content. Multimedia is similar to traditional mixed
media in fine art, but with a broader scope.

The term ―rich media‖ is synonymous for interactive multimedia. People who use
the term "multimedia" often seem to have quite different, even opposing,
viewpoints. A PC vendor would like us to think of multimedia as a PC that has
sound capability, a DVD-ROM drive, and perhaps the superiority of multimedia-
enabled microprocessors that understand additional multimedia instructions. A
consumer entertainment vendor may think of multimedia as interactive cable TV
with hundreds of digital channels, or a cable-TV-like service delivered over a high-
speed Internet connection.

CHARACTERISTICS OF MULTIMEDIA PRESENTATIONS

Multiple media
Non-linearity
Scope of Interactivity
Integrity
Digital representation
MULTIPLE MEDIA: Multiple Media may be described as transmission
media using more than one type of transmission path (e.g., optical fiber,
radio, and copper wire) to deliver information. In addition to text, pictures
are also started being used to communicate ideas. Pictures are sub-divided
into two types.
I. A real-world picture captured by a camera is called images.
II. A hand-drawn picture like sketches, diagrams and portraits called
graphics.

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Text, images and graphics are together referred to as static elements,

because they do not change overtime. With further improve in technology,
time varying elements like sound and movies were used. Movies are again
divided into two classes. They are Legitimate multimedia presentation
should contain at least one static media like text, images or graphics and at
least one time varying media like audio, video or animation.
NON-LINEARITY: Non-Linearity is the capability of jumping or navigating
from within a presentation with one point without appreciable delay.
Traditionally, TV shows and motion pictures are considered linear
presentation because the user or viewer has to watch the information being
prescribed. The user cannot modify the content. Note that the difference
between linear and non-linear is blurring as time goes by. Now the DVD
format allows you to have a non-linear experience by choosing scenes and
going forward and backward. In a multimedia presentation the user can
instantly navigate to different parts of the presentation and display the
frames in any way, without appreciable delay, due to which it is called a
nonlinear presentation. Non-linear content offers user interactivity to control
progress as used with a computer game or used in self-paced computer based
training. Hypermedia is an example of non-linear content.
SCOPE OF INTERACTIVITY: In a non-linear presentation user will have
to specify the desire to watch the presentation. The presentation should be
capable of user inputs and capable of change the content of the presentation.
Interactivity is considered to be one of salient features on which next
generation e-learning tools are expected to reply for greater effectively. The
term ―rich media‖ is synonymous for interactive multimedia. Interactive
media works with the user's participation. The media still has the same
purpose but the user's input adds the interaction and brings interesting
features to the system for a better enjoyment.
Interactive media is helpful in these four development dimensions in which
young children learn: social and emotional, language development, cognitive

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and general knowledge, and approaches toward learning. Using computers

and educational computer software in a learning environment helps children
increase communication skills and their attitudes about learning. Interactive
media makes technology more intuitive to use. Interactive products such as
smartphones, iPad's/iPod's, interactive whiteboards and websites are all easy
to use. The easy usage of these products encourages consumers to experiment
with their products rather than reading instruction manuals. Interactive
Media can be implemented in a wide variety of platforms and applications
encompassing virtually all areas of technology. Some examples include
mobile platforms such as touch screen smartphones and tablets, was well as
other interactive mediums that are created exclusively to solve a unique
problem or set of problems. Interactive media is not limited to a certain field
of IT, it instead encompasses any technology that supplies for movie parts or
feedback based on the users actions. This can include JavaScript and AJAX
utilization in web pages, but can further be extended to any programming
languages that share the same or similar functionality.
Scope of interactive media continues to advance today, with the advent of
more and more powerful machines the limit to what can be input and
manipulated on a display in real time is become virtually non-existent.
INTEGRITY: An important characteristic of a multimedia presentation is
integrity. This means that although there may be several media types
present and playing simultaneously, they need to be integrated or be part of a
single entity which is the presentation. It should not be able to separate out
the various media and control them independently; rather they should be
controlled from within the frame work of the presentation. Moreover, the
presentation should decide how the individual elements can be controlled.
DIGITAL REPRESENTATION: Magnetic tapes are called the sequential
access storage devices [i.e.] data is recorded sequentially along the length of
the tape. When a specific potion of the data is required to be played back, the
portion before that needs to be skipped. Multimedia requires instant access to

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different portion of the presentation. This 5 is done by random access storage

devices like hardware, floppy disks, and compact disks. Digital multimedia
are represented by a discrete set of values defined at specific instances of the
input domain (time/space or both). For example, Digital sound – finite series
of instantaneous pulses which are measured at distinct interval of time
Digital representations has other advantages, software based programs can
be used to edit the digitized media in various ways to appearances and
compress the file sizes to increase the performance efficiency.

SCOPE OF MULTIMEDIA

Today, much of the media content we consume is available in a variety of formats,

intended to serve multiple purposes and audiences. For example, a book usually
starts out as a print-only product. However, if the market demand is large enough,
it may also be published in a spoken-word format and delivered via compact disc or
MP3. With the right equipment, you can avoid paper altogether by downloading the
e-book, a digital version of the text designed for reading on a computer screen or a
handheld device such as the Kindle or iPad. The website for a bestseller may offer
bonus material or value-added content to online users through a gamut of
multimedia channels—featuring audio excerpts, video interviews, background
stories, pictures, and more. With such a vast sea of information and social
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networking potential, you can easily imagine many of the other possibilities that
exist.

The opportunities for shaping content to meet the diverse needs and habits of
different user groups are numerous, and they are changing rapidly, as the culture of
multimedia continues to grow and permeate nearly every aspect of our personal and
professional lives.

APPLICATIONS OF MULTIMEDIA

Multimedia has found extensive applications in various and varied fields. The
following are some of the main areas where this technology is applied:

Home entertainment
Educational purposes
Industrial training
Information kiosk
Corporate presentations
Business
Tourism and Travel industry
E – Shopping
Communication and networks
Medicine
Engineering Application
Content based storage and retrieval [CBSR] systems.
Home Entertainment: Application of Multimedia technology related to
home entertainment includes computer based games for kids, interactive
encyclopedia‗s, storytelling, cartoons etc., Computer games are one of the best
application of Multimedia because of the high amount of interactivity
involved.
Educational purposes: These applications include learning packages and
simulation of lab experiments [especially those which cannot be easily

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performed]. The multisensory perceptions of such study material are

expected to provide a good grasp of the subject matter and interactivity
elements to provide for better retention.
Industrial Training: These applications involve Computer Aided
Instruction [CAI] and Computer Based Training [CBT] for employee both
technical and marketing. Successful organizations are required to maintain a
high level of staff training and development.
Information kiosk: These are devices where information is accessed
through a touch screen and viewed on a monitor. Examples may include
multi-lingual product catalogues for placing orders or for dispensing
important information. Kiosks can also be used to capture statistical data for
an in-depth marketing research to be carried out on customer trends.
Corporate presentations: Corporate presentations are emphasizing the
salient features and activities of a company, its products, business partners
like suppliers and retailers can be built by incorporate multimedia elements
along with textual descriptions.
Business: Items like glass utensils are difficult to stock; industrial
equipment can be displayed through perspectives buyers by company sales
people through multimedia presentations.
Tourism and Travel industries: Travel companies can market packaged
tools by showing prospective customers, glimpses of the places they would
like to visit, details on lodging, special attractions. A multimedia system
implementing intelligent travel agent software will enable the user to their
travel need and budget.
E-shopping: Like the travel industry, customized presentations for
consumer and industrial products can be created and distributed to
prospective customers. Customers can compare different products in relation
to their quality, price, and appearances without leaving their homes and
offices.

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Categories of Multimedia

Based on how multimedia programs are used, multimedia can be divided into two
forms – linear multimedia and non-linear multimedia.

In linear multimedia, information is read or viewed in a continuous sequence.

Usually, these presentations begin at a predetermined starting point and end at a
predetermined end point. They can be automated so that each screen comes after a
fixed time interval. Example: Powerpoint presentation is one of the most
common examples of linear multimedia.

On the other hand, non-linear multimedia information is not presented in

sequential or chronological manner. Non-linear multimedia programs are usually
interactive and require audience interaction.

Components of Multimedia

Multimedia consists of the following 5 components:

Text

Characters are used to form words, phrases, and paragraphs in the text. Text
appears in all multimedia creations of some kind. The text can be in a variety of
fonts and sizes to match the multimedia software‘s professional presentation. Text
in multimedia systems can communicate specific information or serve as a
supplement to the information provided by the other media.

Graphics

Non-text information, such as a sketch, chart, or photograph, is represented

digitally. Graphics add to the appeal of the multimedia application. In many
circumstances, people dislike reading big amounts of material on computers. As a
result, pictures are more frequently used than words to clarify concepts, offer
background information, and so on. Graphics are at the heart of any multimedia
presentation. The use of visuals in multimedia enhances the effectiveness and
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presentation of the concept. Windows Picture, Internet Explorer, and other similar
programs are often used to see visuals. Adobe Photoshop is a popular graphics
editing program that allows you to effortlessly change graphics and make them
more effective and appealing.

Audio

Any sound, whether it‘s music, conversation, or something else. Sound is the most
serious aspect of multimedia, delivering the joy of music, special effects, and other
forms of entertainment. Decibels are a unit of measurement for volume and sound
pressure level. Audio files are used as part of the application context as well as to
enhance interaction. Audio files must occasionally be distributed using plug-in
media players when they appear within online applications and webpages. MP3,
WMA, Wave, MIDI, and RealAudio are examples of audio formats. The following
programs are widely used to view videos: Real Player, Window Media Player, etc.

Video

Photographic images that appear to be in full motion and are played back at speeds
of 15 to 30 frames per second. The term video refers to a moving image that is
accompanied by sound, such as a television picture. Of course, text can be included
in videos, either as captioning for spoken words or as text embedded in an image, as
in a slide presentation. The following programs are widely used to view videos: Real
Player, Window Media Player, etc.

Animations

A sequence of still photographs is being flipped through. It‘s a set of visuals that
give the impression of movement. Animation is the process of making a still image
appear to move. A presentation can also be made lighter and more appealing by
using animation. In multimedia applications, the animation is quite popular. The
following are some of the most regularly used animation viewing programs: Fax
Viewer, Internet Explorer, etc.

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Steps of creating multimedia Presentation

Choosing a topic: first of all you should select the topic on which you want
multimedia presentations.

Writing a Story: a story will describe the overall content for the presentation. The
focus should be on what the author wants to communicate to his audience.

Writing Script: while writing script the author should visualize content in terms of
frames or screen. What is to be displayed on the first screen? This requires subject
matter of the story should be divided into chapter, section, topic and deciding which
frame or screen will have text, graphics, image, animation or audio.

Preparing a storyboard: the storyboard depicts what should be the layout for
each screen within the presentation. it displays information about the background
color or image, appearance of the navigational buttons or menu items, the location
and size of the graphics and text, the durations of the voice etc.

Preparing flow line: a flow line depicts the navigational pathways with the
presentation. Each page is represented as a rectangular block and a directed line
with arrow head from one block to another means that second page is accessible
from the first via some navigational element. Usually the flow line will have an
inverted tree structure with the menu page at the top and the other pages as leaf
nodes arranged at various hierarchical levels. E.g. chapters, sections, topics.

Implementation: the story, script, story board and flow line comprise of the design
documents on which the actual presentation will be based. Implementation requires
collection of existing media items and creating new one. Editing of media items may
be needed to suit current presentation requirement then multimedia authoring tool
is used to integrate media items.

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Testing and feedback: after the implementation phase is completed, an important

step of testing and feedback should be done for improving the quality of the
presentation.

Final delivery: the final phase in the production schedule is the delivery of the
application to the intended client.

Development Platforms for Multimedia

When evaluating a platform for multimedia delivery, one must take into account
how well that particular computing environment implements and supports the
technologies that make multimedia computing possible. Hardware support,
however, is not necessarily the most important criterion. Other factors, including
the availability of authoring software and the installed base of computing
equipment within the user's environment

1. DOS & Windows as a development platform for multimedia: The current

minimum specifications for the DOS platform have been established by the
Multimedia PC Marketing Council as a 486SX-25 with 4 MB of RAM (8
recommended), 160 MB hard drive, standard VGA, 16 bit sound, and a 300 kB/s
CD-ROM drive. As much of the DOS based multimedia software runs under
Windows, additional RAM would likely be required beyond the recommended 8 MB,
bringing the price of a basic machine somewhat higher than the basic Macintosh
machine.

Macintosh platform promised a graphical interface and a commitment to the easy

inclusion of audio, video, animation and other graphical images, particularly
through Apple's support for multimedia and the required hardware. The IBM/MS-
DOS platform, pre Windows, still in 1989, did not appear to be as advanced
graphically.

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The release of Microsoft's Video for Windows in 1992 provided a foundation for
bringing digital video to the DOS platform. Video for Windows makes it possible to
play digital video sequences on any computer running Windows 3.1 without the
need for additional hardware. The package also includes a utility for capturing
video from an external source, such as a video camera or a video cassette recorder,
when the development machine is equipped with both a video capture board and a
digital sound card to handle the capture process.

A good developer would prepare the multimedia courseware using a high level (fast
processor and large memory) machine, but in such a way that presentation could be
done on a lower level machine.

QuickView Pro

QuickView Pro 2.58 supports viewing picture and movies on dos platform and full
screen movies and picture without requiring windows.

DOS multimedia Viewer

SUPPORTED VIDEO FORMAT: AVI (incl. DivX), MPG, MOV, DL, CEL, FLI,
FLC
Animated GIF, VideoCD and CD-I

SUPPORTED PICTURE FORMAT: BMP, GIF, JPG, PCX, TGA and more

SUPPORTED AUDIO FORMAT: MP1, MP2, MP3, Ogg Vorbis, VOC, WAV

MPEGone DOS MPEG and VideoCD player

Supported formats are MPEG files with suffix .MPG, .M1V, .MPE, .MPV and .DAT.
DAT files are files from the VideoCD that are usually named AVSEQ01.DAT and so
on. VideoCDs and CD-i (partly) are supported using the /VCD command.

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2. Linux as Multimedia Development Platform:

Audacity [Free]

Audacity is a free, easy-to-use audio editor and recorder for Windows, Mac OS X,
GNU/Linux, and other operating systems. You can use Audacity to: Record live
audio, Convert tapes and records into digital recordings or CDs, Edit Ogg Vorbis,
MP3, and WAV sound files, Cut, copy, splice, and mix sounds together, Change the
speed or pitch of a recording, and more!

GIMP [Free]
GIMP (GNU/General Image Manipulation Program) is a free, robust, powerful
image manipulation program suitable for such tasks as photo retouching, image
composition and image authoring.

ImageMagick [Free]

A collection of tools for image conversion, annotation, composition, animation, and

creating montages. It allows the user to read, write, and manipulate over 87 major
image formats (e.g., GIF, JPEG, PNG, PDF, TIFF, PhotoCD)

IIRC, blender

It is a 3D rendering tool for linux and 2D stuff can be handled by the GIMP.

K3D

It is Animation Package available on Linux Platform.

MetaCard

It is a multimedia authoring tool and GUI development environment for Microsoft

Windows 3.1/95/98/Me/NT/2000/XP, Unix/X11(Linux), and Macintosh systems.
Using MetaCard is the easiest way to build graphical applications, Computer Based
Training (CBT), on-line documentation, and a wide variety of other products.

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Entertainment tools in Windows

Windows O.S. has all types of entertainment facility, such as watching a movie,
listening to a song etc. The following process is followed to open the Entertainment.

Start-> Programs ->Accessories -> Entertainment

There are different types of entertainment inside this Entertainment program,

which you can view the right side by clicking on Entertainment, such as -> CD
player, Media player etc.

CD Player

Running the audio CDs - Your CD ROM drive can play music also. To start the CD
player, click the Start button, then select the programs -> Accessories ->
Entertainment -> CD player.

CD player runs because of the sound card fitted in the CPU.

Play - First, and above all the Play button blurs out as the CD runs.

Pause - This is used to pause your playback when you go somewhere leaving the
computer.

Stop - When you get bored listening to the song, this button is used.

Previous track - This button will take CD to the previous track.

Skip back - Every time you click this button you get one second back in the song.

Skip forward – Every time you click this button, you will get one second forward.

Next Track - This button will immediately take you to the next song.

Eject - This button will pop out your CD.

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Editing the Play list - You can edit the play list of your music CD. Only play those
tracks that you want to listen and in the order you want to listen.

To edit the CD list insert the CD in the drive and open the CD player. Then do the
following procedure:

1. Click the disc menu and select the Edit Play list, you will view a dialog bo~.

2. To clear all the entries on the Play list, click "clear all buttons."

3. Click twice on the desired track in the Available Track list box. They will enter
into the Play list

4. Click on any of the desired track.

5. Click on Set Name button.

6. Write the name in the text box.

7. Click on the Set Name button replace the desired track by the name in the
Available Track list and the Play list Do just the same for other tracks.

8. Click the Artist text box and write the name. Highlight the Title text box and
enter the name of the CD.

9. Click OK.

Media Player

It is used with the Sound Recorder. Media layer displays the picture for Winows
animated files (avi), sound files (.wav), MIDI files (Mid and RMI) or for the CD you
listen to. To listen to such songs on the media player, Click on the Start button.
Then select the program -> Accessories -> Entertainment -> Media Player.

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Playing the Files - Windows is capable of playing different types of Multimedia files.

Complete the following process to play one file.

1. Pull down the Device menu in the dialog box of Media player and select the type
of the file which you want to play.

2. Locate the file you want to play and click twice. Make the file of the type box
definite.

3. Click on the Play button.

Volume Control- It is a kind of system tool which is used to control the sound. If
your computer has more than one device, for example, Midi Wave Device, you can
control the sound of it through this system tool.

Use of Volume Control- It is used to control the sound of all the devices present in
the computer.

This system tool provides such facility so that it can change the sound control of
both the speakers. For it, it has a balance slide speakers. Mute Option button too is
given, clicking on which you may stop sound. To start it :

Start -> Program -> Accessories Entertainment -> Volume Control.

Sound Recorder - It is also Multimedia software. It can be used for both, listening
to the sound and recording it. A Microphone is required to record the sound.

To Start the Sound Recorder click start -> Setting -> Control Panel and click the
sound Icon. It will open the sound properties.

Making own Sound File - You can use sound recorder to make your own sound file
from CD ROM player or Microphone which can be added to Windows. This process

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is as follows:

1. Click the Start button, then select the Program -> Accessories -> Entertainment -
> Sound Recorder.

2. Select New from the file menu of the sound recorder.

3. Click the deep red button to start the recording.

4. Start the CD or start talking on the microphone.

5. To stop the recording, click the deep black square button.

6. Select Save from the file menu to save the sound Clip.

Concept of Plain and Formatted Text

The flexibility and ease of use of the textual medium makes it ideal for learning. We
need text to design labels for title screen, menus and buttons etc. words and
symbols spoken or written are most common system of communication. They deliver
the most widely understood meaning to the greatest number of people- accurately
and in detail. Because of this they are vital elements of multimedia menus,
navigation system, and content.

Attributes of Text:

typeface: typeface is a family of graphic characters that usually includes many

type sizes and styles.

font: a font is a collection of characters of a single size and style belonging to a

particular typeface family.

fontstyle: typical font styles are bol-face and italic, underline and outline are style
attributes.

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kerning: kerning is the spacing between character pairs.

tracking: it is spacing between characters.

Text can be of various types:

Plaintext consists of fixed sized character having essentially the same type of
appearance. Formatted text where appearance can be changed using font
parameters, and hypertext which can serve to link different electronic documents
and enable the user to jump from one to other in a non-linear way.

Text can be inserted in an application program using keyboard directly,

alternatively text can be copied from another pre-existing file or application and
pasted into the application. Nowadays we also generate text automatically from the
scanned version of a paper document or image using an Optical Character
Recognition System (OCR).

Text can be compressed to generate smaller size file without any loss, using
compression algorithm.

Text can be stored into a number of file formats each requiring its own specific
application to open and modify the contents.

Plain Text

Plain Text Refers to textual data in ASCII format. Plain text is the
most portable format because it is supported by nearly every application on every
machine. It is quite limited, however, because it cannot contain any
formatting commands.

Internally text is represented via binary codes as per the ASCII table. The ASCII
table is quite limited in its scope and a new standard has been developed to
eventually replace the ASCII standard this standard is called Unicode standard
and is capable of representing international character from various languages
throughout the world.
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RTF

The Rich Text Format (often abbreviated RTF) is a document file

format developed by Microsoft in 1987 for cross-platform document (including text
and graphics) interchange. Most word processors are able to read and write RTF
documents.

Members of the Microsoft Word development team, Richard Brodie developed the
original RTF in the middle to late 1980s. Its syntax was influenced by
the TeX typesetting language. The first RTF reader and writer shipped in 1987 as
part of Microsoft Word 3.0 for Macintosh, which implemented the version 1.0 RTF
specification.

All subsequent releases of Microsoft Word for the Macintosh and all versions of
Microsoft Word for Windows have included built-in RTF readers and writers which
translate from RTF to Word's .doc format and from .doc to RTF.

The intellectual property of the format belongs to Microsoft who maintains the
format to this date; as of March 2008 it is up to version 1.9.1.

RTF file is useful format for basic formatted text documents such as instructions
manuals, resumes, letters, and modest information documents. These document
support bold, italic, underline text formatting. Left, right, center justification is also
supported. Font specification and document margins are also supported.

HTML

HTML, stands for HyperText Markup Language, is the predominant markup

language for web pages.

It provides a means to create structured documents by denoting

structural semantics for text such as headings, paragraphs, lists etc as well as for
links, quotes, and other items.

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It allows images and objects to be embedded and can be used to create interactive
forms.

It is written in the form of HTML elements consisting of "tags" surrounded by angle

brackets within the web page content.

It can include or can load scripts in languages such as JavaScript, which affect the
behavior of HTML processors like Web browsers, and Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)
to define the appearance and layout of text and other material. The use of CSS is
encouraged over explicit presentational markup.

Using Common Text Preparation Tools

Word processing programs, such as Microsoft word and WordPerfect, are useful in
creating text for titles that are text intensive. Once text is created in a word
processing program, it can easily be copied to a multimedia title.

If the title is not text intensive, it may be more efficient to use graphics programs
such as CorelDraw, Photoshop to create stylish text. Both CorelDraw and
Photoshop allow coloring the text, set fonts, point sizes, and type styles and various
text effects can be applied. You can apply distorting and animation effect.

Font packages can be purchased that provide a variety of specialized fonts. You can
use font editor (e.g. Fontographer) to create your own font or edit some font.

You can use scanner with Optical Character Reader program to capture the desired
text.

You can download electronic files from internet to collect text and you can use
Object linking and embedding or cut-copy-paste to bring text.

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Conversion of text from one format to other format

1. Converting .doc to text file: open the file of Microsoft word and choose file-
>save as command from file menu then select text from save as type combo box..

2. Converting text to .doc file: start Microsoft word select file->open then select
files as type combo box and choose text file then select the text file you want to
open.

When the time of saving file comes, select file->save as command from file menu
then select word document from save as type combo box..

3. Converting .doc to RTF file: open the file of Microsoft word and choose file-
>save as command from file menu then select Rich Text Form from save as type
combo box.

4. Converting RTF to .doc file: start Microsoft word select file->open then select
files as type combo box and choose Rich Text Format then select the RTF file you
want to open.

When the time of saving file comes, select file->save as command from file menu
then select word document from save as type combo box..

5. Converting .doc to HTML file: open the file of Microsoft word and choose file-
>save as command from file menu then select Web Page from save as type combo
box..

6. Converting HTML to .doc file: start Microsoft word select file->open then
select files as type combo box and choose Web Page then select the HTML file you
want to open.

When the time of saving file comes, select file->save as command from file menu
then select word document from save as type combo box..

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Concept of Object Linking & Embedding

Linking and embedding allows to use object created in other application

program(source application) to be used in current application(client application) file.
Linking and embedding allows different parts of the document created in different
application programs.

Linking requires existence of a file. Changes performed in source file gets reflected
in client file.

Embedding doesn‘t require existence of a file. Changes performed in source file

doesn‘t get reflected in client file.

Creating an embedded/Linked Object

Click in the document where you want to place the embedded object.

On the Insert menu, click Object, and then click the Create New or Create from
File tab. To create embedding do not select link to file option

In the Object type box, click the type of object you want to create.

Only programs that are installed on your computer and that support linked objects
and embedded objects appear in the Object type box.

To display the embedded object as an icon — for example, if others are going to view
the document online — select the Display as icon check box.

To link or embed the object, do one of the following:

Select the object and use edit->copy command.

select document where you want to place the copied object.

On the File menu, click Paste Special, and then click the Paste( for embedding)
or Paste Link (for linking).

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To display the embedded/linked object as an icon — for example, if others are going
to view the document online — select the Display as icon check box.

Points to remember when using text in Multimedia Presentation

Make it readable: a decorative font may be attractive it may also be hard to read.
Although it may seem important to include a great deal of text, filling screen with
text or reducing the size of the type to accommodate text might make it non-
readable. Serifs fonts are more readable than Sans Serif. 10 point and 12 point size
are quite common in use. Title text may 16 point size. 72 points make 1‖.
Headings: 14 to 18 points

Subheadings: Half the heading size

Text blocks: 10 to 12 points.

Consider type style and color to make emphasize on text such as bold, italic,
underline.

Don‘t use too many fonts and font sizes keep uniformity in font, font size and style.

Overview Of Some Font Editing And Designing Tools

Special font editing tools can be used to make you won type, so you can
communicate an idea or graphic feeling exactly. With these tools, professional
typographers create distinct text and display faces. Graphic designers, publishers,
and ad agencies can design instant variations of existing type face.

Three dimensional modeling programs allow you to create a character, add depth to
it or extrude it, shade and light it, and manipulate it into other shapes.

Macromedia director allows spinning of text it its place. Cool3d and Vertigo 3D
HotText let you extrude, twist and rotate character and adjust light and texture
effect for high-impact 3-d titles. Two of the popular font editors are FontCreator and
Fontographer.

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Fontographer:

Fontographer supplied by macromedia is a specialized graphics editor for both Mac

and Windows platforms.

Features:

You can use it to develop PostScript, True Type and bitmapped fonts for Mac and
windows etc.

Designers can also modify existing typefaces, incorporate PostScript artwork,

automatically trace scanned images and create designs from scratch.

It includes freehand drawing tool to create professional and precise inline and
outline drawings of calligraphic and script character, using either the mouse or
alternative input methods.

It allows the creation of multiple font designs from two existing typefaces, and you
can design lighter or heavier fonts by modifying the weight of an entire typeface.

You can create condensed, expanded and oblique version of the same font or modify
any of those fonts to suit your design needs.

One character, several characters or entire fonts can be scaled, rotated, and skewed
to create new and unique typefaces.

A metric window provides complete control over character width, spacing, offset,
and kerning.

FontCreator

FontCreator puts font creation within the grasp of the average PC user,
typographers and graphic designers. The editor lets you easily select and modify the
entire character set of any TrueType font and fonts based on OpenType font
technology. Features include the ability to convert images to outlines, thus enabling
you to create fonts with your own signature, logo and handwriting. The sensitive

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interface makes FontCreator the perfect tool for both new and experienced users.
The advanced validation features make the design process easy and help you avoid
common mistakes.

1.The most impressive new feature that makes designing fonts so much faster is
direct import of vector based images.

2. Create and edit TrueType and OpenType fonts.

3. Redesign existing characters and add missing characters.

4. Convert vector and raster based (e.g. a signature, logo or handwriting character)
into outlines.

5. Edit or regenerate font names and fix character mappings.

6. Correct fonts that display incorrectly add or correct composite glyphs.

7. Generate, modify and clean up kerning pairs.

8. Transform individual glyphs or an entire font (e.g. to make a bold version) and
Preview fonts before installing.

9. Install fonts in Windows, Split TrueType Collection or Extra TrueType Fonts

from TrueType collection.

Multimedia: multimedia is combination of text, graphic, and audio elements into a

single collection or presentation.

Interactive Multimedia: multimedia becomes interactive multimedia when you

give the user some control over what information is viewed and when it is viewed.

Hypermedia: Interactive multimedia becomes hypermedia when its designer

provides a structure of linked elements through which a user can navigate and
interact.

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Hypertext System: when a hypermedia project includes large amount of test or

symbolic content, this content can be indexed and its elements then linked together
to afford rapid electronic retrieval of the associated information. When words are
keyed or indexed to other words, you have a hypertext system.

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