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Module 2

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2 views2 pages

Module 2

Uploaded by

ravimech100
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Solid waste Characteristics:

Physical Characteristics:

1. Density: Varies from 200-800 kg/m³

2. Moisture content: Typically 20-50%

3. Particle size: Ranges from fine powders to bulky items

4. Color: Varied, depending on composition

5. Odor: Can be unpleasant due to organic decomposition

Chemical Characteristics:

1. pH: Can range from acidic to alkaline (4-12)

2. Organic content: High in food waste, paper, and yard trimmings

3. Inorganic content: Includes metals, glass, plastics, and ceramics

4. Nutrient content: Presence of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium

5. Toxicity: May contain hazardous substances like heavy metals and pesticides

Biological Characteristics:

1. Biodegradability: Organic waste can decompose

2. Putrescibility: Waste can decay and produce unpleasant odors

3. Pathogenicity: May contain disease-causing microorganisms

4. Attractiveness to pests: Food waste and organics attract rodents, insects, and other pests

Sources of Solid Waste:

1. Residential (household)

2. Commercial (businesses, institutions)

3. Industrial (manufacturing, construction)

4. Agricultural (farm waste, crop residues)

5. Municipal (community-wide waste)


Composition of Solid Waste:

1. Organic waste (food, yard trimmings, paper)

2. Inorganic waste (plastics, glass, metals)

3. Recyclable materials (paper, plastic, glass, metal)

4. Hazardous waste (batteries, electronics, chemicals)

5. Construction and demolition waste (wood, concrete, asphalt)

Understanding these characteristics is crucial for effective solid waste management, including:

1. Waste collection and transportation

2. Waste treatment and disposal (landfilling, incineration, recycling)

3. Waste reduction and minimization strategies

4. Waste-to-energy conversion

5. Environmental and health impact assessments

Classifications of solid waste:

Solid wastes are classified into Municipal solid waste, industrial solid waste and Hazardous solid waste

1. Municipal solid waste: includes Municipal solid waste consists of household waste, construction
and demolition debris, sanitation residue, and waste from streets. This garbage is generated
mainly from residential and commercial complexes. Some of the components of solid wastes
are:
 Rubbish
 Ashes and residues
 Construction and demolition waste
 Special wastes
 Treatment plant waste:

2. Industrial solid waste: ISW are those waste arising from industrial activities and typically
include rubbish, ashes demolition waste and special waste.
3. Hazardous waste: Waste that pose a substantial danger immediately or over a period of time
to human, plants are classified as hazardous waste.

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