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Cryptanalysis

The document classifies cryptanalysis attacks into four main types: Ciphertext-only, Known-plaintext, Chosen-plaintext, and Chosen-ciphertext. Each type varies in difficulty and is defined by the level of information available to the attacker, with examples illustrating how attackers can exploit different scenarios to decrypt messages. The classification highlights the increasing complexity of attacks as the amount of accessible information increases.

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2 views

Cryptanalysis

The document classifies cryptanalysis attacks into four main types: Ciphertext-only, Known-plaintext, Chosen-plaintext, and Chosen-ciphertext. Each type varies in difficulty and is defined by the level of information available to the attacker, with examples illustrating how attackers can exploit different scenarios to decrypt messages. The classification highlights the increasing complexity of attacks as the amount of accessible information increases.

Uploaded by

h282y87ykk
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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classification of cryptanalysis attacks, showing four main types: Ciphertext-only,

Known-plaintext, Chosen-plaintext, and Chosen-ciphertext. Let’s break them down


with simple examples:

1. Ciphertext-only Attack (COA):

• Description: The attacker only has access to the ciphertext (the


encrypted message) and tries to decrypt it without any additional information.
• Example: Imagine someone intercepts an encrypted message, but they have
no idea what the original message (plaintext) looks like. All they have is the
ciphertext. They will attempt to use statistical analysis, brute-force, or patterns
in the ciphertext to find the key and decrypt the message.

2. Known-plaintext Attack (KPA):

• Description: The attacker has access to both the ciphertext and a


portion of the corresponding plaintext. They use this information to attempt to
decipher the rest of the ciphertext.
• Example: Suppose an attacker knows that a certain encrypted email
always starts with “Dear John.” By having both this part of the plaintext and its
ciphertext, they can analyze the relationship between the two and try to deduce the
key or the encryption method to decrypt other parts of the message.

3. Chosen-plaintext Attack (CPA):

• Description: The attacker can choose a plaintext and obtain its


corresponding ciphertext. By repeatedly choosing plaintexts and getting the
ciphertexts, the attacker attempts to figure out the encryption key or method.
• Example: Imagine you have access to an encryption system and you are
allowed to input any message you want. You decide to input “HELLO” and see what
ciphertext it produces. By repeating this with different plaintexts, you can try to
reverse-engineer the encryption method.

4. Chosen-ciphertext Attack (CCA):

• Description: The attacker can choose a ciphertext and obtain its


decrypted plaintext. By submitting different ciphertexts and observing the
corresponding plaintexts, the attacker attempts to uncover the encryption key or
algorithm.
• Example: Assume an attacker can send encrypted messages and receive
their decrypted forms. They might send an encrypted message, get the decrypted
plaintext, and use this information to understand how the decryption process works,
possibly leading to the discovery of the decryption key.

Each type of attack increases in difficulty based on the amount of information the
attacker has.

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