So, the final arrangement will be:

41 (d)
We don’t know how much money F has, so we cannot determine who has the maximum amount of
money.
Hence, option (d) is the correct answer.

42 (c)
F’ amount = A’s amount + 25 = 5 + 25 = Rs. 30
Hence, option (c) is the correct answer.

43 (a)

Position of Naveen = 26th from front

44 (b)
Option (a) is incorrect: The passage mentions, “Traditional legal frameworks, while once effective, are ill-
equipped to address the challenges posed by the digital age.” It does not suggest that traditional legal
frameworks are too stringent. Instead, it indicates that they are outdated and insufficient for the challenges
presented by new digital technologies. Hence, option (a) is incorrect.
Option (b) is correct: The passage mentions, “The rapid evolution of digital technologies... has created a
complex legal landscape” and “the stateless nature of the internet further complicates the task of governing
cyberspace.” This highlights that the rapid pace of technological advancements, and the stateless nature of
the internet both contribute to the difficulties faced by existing legal systems in regulating privacy. Hence,
option (b) is correct.
Option (c) is incorrect: The passage states that the stateless nature of the internet complicates privacy
regulation, not simplifies it. Hence, option (c) is incorrect.
Option (d) is incorrect: The passage indicates that technological advancements are accelerating quickly,
outpacing the ability of traditional legal frameworks to manage new privacy challenges. Hence, option (d)
is incorrect.

45 (b)
Implication 1 is incorrect: The passage discusses concerns from nutritionists regarding the potential risks
of tampering with genes in food crops, specifically regarding fluctuations in nutrient levels. However, it
does not outright state that biotechnology is harmful or that it should never be used. The passage poses a
question about the potential consequences, but does not make a definitive claim that biotechnology should
be avoided. The correct understanding is that there are concerns, but not a blanket condemnation of
biotechnology.
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 Implication 2 is correct: The passage raises concerns about the potential effects of genetic tampering on
nutritional integrity, implying that the consequences of biotechnology are not fully understood. ("Do we
really know what is happening to the nutritional integrity of food crops that are being altered for other
purposes?") This uncertainty suggests the need for careful regulation and testing to ensure the safety and
effectiveness of biotechnological advancements in agriculture. The passage does not explicitly call for
stringent regulation, but the concerns raised imply that more caution and oversight may be necessary.

46 (c)
Option (a) is incorrect: This statement is not supported by the passage. The passage discusses the association
between private schooling and higher earnings, but does not make claims about the inherent quality of
private versus public schools. It focuses more on the economic returns and the implications of these returns.
Hence, option (a) is incorrect.
Option (b) is incorrect: This statement is incorrect according to the passage. While the passage
acknowledges that private school attendance is associated with higher earnings, it specifically states "most
of the current evidence suggests that higher returns to private schooling are likely to be driven by network
and sorting effects," not by higher educational qualifications. Hence, option (b) is incorrect.
Option (c) is correct: This statement best reflects the central idea of the passage. The passage outlines that
while private schooling is linked to higher earnings, the reasons for this association are complex. It mentions
potential negative economic returns if the benefits are due to skill development and emphasises that network
and sorting effects play a significant role. It also touches upon the impact of reducing private school
attendance on lifetime inequalities, highlighting the multifaceted nature of the relationship. Hence, option
(c) is correct.
Option (d) is incorrect: This statement is not supported by the passage. The passage does not advocate for
abolishing private schools. Instead, it discusses the potential economic and social implications of private
versus public schooling without making prescriptive recommendations. Hence, option (d) is incorrect.

47 (b)
Option (a) is incorrect: This option suggests that the crisis is due to technical and infrastructure
shortcomings. However, the passage states, "India's urban water crisis stems primarily from
mismanagement, despite ample rainfall." This indicates that mismanagement, not merely insufficient
technical solutions or infrastructure, is the primary issue. While technical solutions are critiqued for
focusing too narrowly, they are not identified as the main cause of the crisis. Hence, option (a) is incorrect.
Option (b) is correct: This option accurately reflects the emphasis of the passage. The passage notes "urban
centres worldwide grapple with multifaceted economic, social, and environmental challenges, exacerbated
by rapid population growth and urban sprawl." It also specifies that India's water crisis is due to
"mismanagement," which implies that poor management practices alongside urban pressures are central to
the crisis. This option best encapsulates the primary challenges identified in the passage. Hence, option (b)
is correct.
Option (c) is incorrect: This option incorrectly identifies rainfall variability as the main factor. The passage
explicitly states, "India's urban water crisis stems primarily from mismanagement, despite ample rainfall."
This shows that the crisis is not due to a lack of rainfall but rather due to management issues. Thus, this
option does not reflect the passage's key challenges. Hence, option (c) is incorrect.
Option (d) is incorrect: This option is incorrect because the passage indicates that land-use changes, such
as "encroachment on natural areas," are contributing to groundwater depletion and saltwater intrusion.
Improving water quality alone will not address these underlying issues. Hence, option (d) is incorrect.

48 (a)
Let us substitute the values from the options.
On substituting the value from option (a):
Let © = 6
LHS = 6 + 26 + 466 + 66 + 66 = 630
RHS = 630
Thus, LHS = RHS = 630
Hence, option (a) is the correct answer.
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