MID TERM EXAMINATION 2024-25

CLASS: X
SUBJECT: SCIENCE
TIME ALLOTED: 3 HOURS MAXIMUM MARKS:80

NAME OF THE STUDENT: ____________________ ROLL NO. ___________

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS
i. This question paper consists of 39 questions in 5 sections.
ii. All questions are compulsory. However, an internal choice is provided in some questions. A student
is expected to attempt only one of these questions.
iii. Section A consists of 20 objective type questions carrying 1 mark each.
iv. Section B consists of 6 Very Short questions carrying 2 marks each.
v. Section C consists of 7 Short Answer type questions carrying 3 marks each.
vi. Section D consists of 3 Long Answer type questions carrying 5 marks each.
vii. Section E consists of 3 source-based/case-based units of assessment of 4 marks each with subparts.

SECTION A

(Select one most appropriate option out of the four options given for each of the questions 1 - 20)

1. During electrolysis of water, if the volumes of oxygen and hydrogen evolved at the electrodes are 𝑉0
and 𝑉𝐻 respectively, then 𝑉0/𝑉𝐻 is:
(A) 4
(B) 2
(C) 1/2
(D) 1/4

2. Which of the following can make a parallel beam of light when light from a point source is
incident on it?
(A) Concave mirror as well as convex lens.
(B) Convex mirror as well as concave lens.
(C) Two plane mirrors placed at 900 to each other.
(D) Concave mirror as well as concave lens.

3. Consider these indices of refraction: glass: 1.52; air: 1.0003; water: 1.333. Based on the refractive
indices of three materials, arrange the speed of light through them in decreasing order.
(A) The speed of light in water > the speed of light in air > the speed of light in glass.
(B) The speed of light in glass > the speed of light in water > the speed of light in air.
(C) The speed of light in air > the speed of light in water > the speed of light in glass.
(D) The speed of light in glass > the speed of light in air > the speed of light in water.

4. If a beam of red light and a beam of violet light are incident at the same angle on the inclined
surface of a prism from air medium and produce angles of refraction 𝑟 and 𝑣 respectively, which of
the following is correct?
(A) 𝑟 = 𝑣
(B) 𝑟 > 𝑣
(C) 𝑟 = 1/𝑣
(D) 𝑟 < 𝑣

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5. On adding a few drops of universal indicator to three unknown colourless solutions (𝑃), (𝑄) and (𝑅)
taken separately in three test tubes shown in the following diagrams, a student observed the changes
in colour as green in (𝑃), red in (𝑄) and violet in (𝑅).

The decreasing order of pH of the solutions taken is

(A) 𝑃 > 𝑄 > 𝑅
(B) 𝑅 > 𝑃 > 𝑄
(C) 𝑄 > 𝑃 > 𝑅
(D) 𝑅 > 𝑄 > 𝑃

6. There are four metals 𝐾, 𝐿, 𝑀 and 𝑁. Identify them by using the hints given below:
𝐾 forms basic oxide.
𝐿 forms amphoteric oxide.
Oxide of 𝑀 dissolved in water to form alkali.
𝑁 does not react with water at all.
(A) 𝐾 → Zn, 𝐿 → Al, 𝑀 → Na, 𝑁 → Fe
(B) 𝐾 → Fe, L → Na, 𝑀 → K, 𝑁 → Zn
(C) 𝐾 → K, L → Cu, M → Pb, 𝑁 → Na
(D) 𝐾 → Cu, L → Zn, 𝑀 → K, 𝑁 → Pb

7. Phosphorus(V) chloride dissolves in water to form phosphoric acid and hydrochloric acid.
What are the values of 𝑥, 𝑦 and 𝑧 in the balanced equation for this reaction?
PCl5 (𝑠) + 𝑥H2 O(𝑙) → 𝑦H3 PO4 (𝑎𝑞) + 𝑧HCl(𝑎𝑞)
𝒙 𝒚 𝒛
(A) 2 1 4
(B) 2 2 5
(C) 4 2 4
(D) 4 1 5

8. Study the following table and choose the incorrect option:

Salt Parent Acid Parent Base Nature of Salt
(A) Sodium Chloride HCl NaOH Neutral
(B) Sodium Carbonate H2CO3 NaOH Basic
(C) Sodium Sulphate H2SO4 NaOH Acidic
(D) Sodium Acetate CH3COOH NaOH Basic

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 If in the circuit, power dissipation is 150 W, then 𝑅 is
9.

(A) 2Ω
(B) 6Ω
(C) 5Ω
(D) 4Ω
10. The figure given below

Represents the experiment carried out between conc. sulphuric acid and sodium chloride, which
react with each other to form HCl gas. Blue litmus paper is brought near the mouth of the delivery
tube to check the presence of HCl acid but no change is observed in the colour of litmus paper
because:
(A) the litmus paper used is dry
(B) the litmus paper used is moist
(C) blue litmus paper does not change its colour with an acid
(D) the litmus paper is kept very close to the mouth of the delivery tube

11. Which one of the following statements is correct about the human circulatory system?
(A) Blood transports only oxygen and not carbon dioxide
(B) Human heart has five chambers
(C) Valves ensure that the blood does not flow backwards
(D) Both oxygen-rich and oxygen-deficient blood gets mixed in the heart

12. Which of the following hormone is responsible for regulation of blood pressure?
(A) Thyroxine
(B) Insulin
(C) Testosterone
(D) Adrenaline

13. Observe the three figures given below. Which of the following depicts tropic movements
appropriately?

(A) B and C (B) A and C

(C) B only (D) C only

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14. Identify the figure and the mode of reproduction

(A) Rhizopus, Spore formation

(B) Sweet potato, Vegetative propagation by root
(C) Hydra, Budding
(D) Bryophyllum, Vegetative propagation by leaf

15. In an electric circuit two resistors 2Ω and 4Ω respectively are connected in series to a 6V battery. The
heat dissipated by the 4Ω resistor in 5s will be
(A) 5J (B) 10J
(C) 20J (D) 30J

16. Sensory nerve of a reflex arc carries information from the receptor cells to the:
(A) spinal cord
(B) brain
(C) muscles of the effector organ
(D) bones of the receptor organ

Q. no 17 to 20 are Assertion - Reasoning based questions.

These consist of two statements - Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Answer these questions selecting the
appropriate option given below:
(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(B) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A
(C) A is true but R is false
(D) A is False but R is true

Assertion (A): 2H2 S(𝑔) + O2 (𝑔) ⟶ 2 S(𝑠) + 2H2 O(𝑙) is a redox reaction.
17. Reason (R): In this reaction, oxidation of H2 S to S and reduction of O2 to H2 O takes place.

18. Assertion (A): Alloys are commonly used in electrical heating devices like electric iron and heater.
Reason (R): Resistivity of an alloy is generally higher than that of its constituent metals but the alloys
have low melting points than their constituent metals.

19. Assertion (A): Vasectomy is a surgical method of contraception.

Reason (R): In vasectomy, woman's oviduct is tied, blocked or cut.

20. Assertion (A): Amoeba always produces two daughter amoebae while Plasmodium divides into
many daughter cells.
Reason (R): Amoeba undergoes binary fission while Plasmodium undergoes multiple fission.

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 SECTION-B
(Q. no. 21 to 26 are very short answer questions.)

21. Draw a ray diagram showing the dispersion through a prism when a narrow beam of polychromatic 2
light is incident on one of its refracting surfaces. Also indicate the order of the colours of the
spectrum obtained.

22. The power of a lens is +5 diopters. What is the nature and focal length of this lens? At what 2
distance from this lens should an object be placed so as to get its inverted image of the same size?

23. Write down the balanced chemical equations for the following reactions and identify the type of 2
reaction in each case.
(i) Nitrogen gas is treated with hydrogen gas to form ammonia gas.
(ii) Lead nitrate is heated strongly to form lead monoxide, nitrogen dioxide and oxygen.

24. Metal ‘X’ is found in nature as its sulphide ‘XS’. It is used in the galvanisation of iron articles. 2
Identify the metal ‘X’. How will you convert this sulphide ore into the metal? Explain with
equations.

25. DDT was sprayed in a lake to regulate breeding of mosquitoes. How would it affect the trophic 2
levels in the following food chain associated with a lake? Justify your answer.

26. Give reasons for the following: 2

(i) Placenta is extremely essential for fetal development.
(ii) Cross-pollination is the basis of reproduction in unisexual flowers.

SECTION-C
(Q.No. 27 to 33 are short answer questions)

27. Observe the following diagram and answer the questions following it: 3

(i) Identify the defect of vision shown.

(ii) List its two causes.
(iii) Name the type of lens used for the correction of this defect.

28. i) A security mirror used in a big showroom has radius of curvature 5 m. If a customer is standing at 3
ii) a distance of 20 m from the cash counter, find the position, nature and size of the image formed in
the security mirror.
iii) Neha visited a dentist in his clinic. She observed that the dentist was holding an instrument fitted
with a mirror. State the nature of this mirror and reason for its use in the instrument used by dentist.
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29. 2 mL of sodium hydroxide solution is added to a few pieces of granulated zinc metal taken in a test 3
tube. When the contents are warmed, a gas evolves which is bubbled through a soap solution before
testing.
i) Write the equation of the chemical reaction involved.
ii) Also write the test to detect the gas.
iii) Name the gas which will be evolved when the same metal reacts with dilute solution of a strong
acid.
30. (a) Five solutions 𝐴, 𝐵, 𝐶, 𝐷 and 𝐸 showed pH as 4, 7, 1, 11 and 9 respectively when tested with 3
universal indicator. Which solution is
(i) neutral,
(ii) strongly alkaline,
(iii) strongly acidic,
(iv) weakly alkaline?

(b) Give one example each of a natural and an olfactory acid-base indicator easily available in our
kitchen.

31. (a) Write one specific function each of the following organs in relation with excretion in human 3
beings:
(i) Renal artery
(ii) Urethra
(iii) Glomerulus
(iv) Tubular part of nephron
(b) Differentiate between excretion and egestion.

32. Name the hormone required for the following. Also mention the name of endocrine gland from 3
which that hormone is secreted.
(i) Lowering of blood glucose
(ii) Development of moustache and beard in human males
(iii) Metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins

33. (i) How are auxins related with the bending of plant shoot towards the sun? explain with the help of 3
diagram.
(ii) Define translocation in reference to plants.

SECTION-D
(Q.No. 34 to 36 are long answer questions)

34. (i) On entering in a medium from air, the speed of light becomes half of its value in air. Find the 5
refractive index of that medium with respect to air.
(ii) A glass slab made of a material of refractive index 𝑛1 is kept in a medium of refractive index 𝑛2.
A light ray is incident on the slab.
Draw the path of the rays of light emerging from the glass slab, if
(i) 𝑛1 > 𝑛2
(ii) 𝑛1 = 𝑛2
(c) 𝑛1 < 𝑛2

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 OR
An object is placed at a distance of 30 cm from a concave lens of focal length 30 cm.
(i) Use lens formula to determine the distance of the image from the lens.
(ii) List four characteristics of the image (nature, position, size, erect/inverted) in this case.
(iii) Draw a labelled diagram to justify your answer of part (ii).

35. i) Write electron dot structures of Na (At. No. 11) and O (At. No. 8) 5
ii) Show the formation of Sodium oxide by transfer of electrons.
iii) Which of the following are ionic compounds?
(a) KCl
(b) HCl
(c) CCl4
(d) NaCl
iv) List four important characteristics of these compounds.
OR
i) State the reason for the following:
(a) Zinc oxide is called an amphoteric oxide. Justify giving chemical equations.
(b) Hydrogen gas is not evolved when most metals react with nitric acid.

ii) What is thermite process? Where is this process used? Write balanced chemical equation for
the reaction involved.

36. i) Identify the labelled parts ' 𝐴,' ' 𝐵,' ' 𝐶 ' and ' 𝐷 ' in the given figure. 5

ii) Which part is blocked during surgical method of contraception, Vasectomy?

iii) Write the role of B and C.
iv) Mention the hormone secreted by testis and its function.
OR

(i) Draw a diagram depicting human alimentary canal and label on it: gall bladder, liver and
pancreas.
(ii) State the role of liver and pancreas.
(iii) Carbohydrates on digestion get assimilated as glucose in our cells. How glucose breakdown
to provide us energy?
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 SECTION-E
(Q.no. 37 to 39 are case - based/data -based questions with 2 to 3 short sub - parts. Internal
choice is provided in one of these sub-parts.)

37. Study the following electric circuit in which the resistors are arranged in three arms 𝐴, 𝐵 and C: 4

Study the above circuit carefully and give the answers of the following questions:
(i) Find the equivalent resistance of arm 𝐶.
(ii) Calculate the equivalent resistance of the parallel combination of the arms 𝐵 and 𝐶.
(iii) Determine the current that flows through the ammeter.
OR
(iii) Determine the current that flows in the ammeter when the arm 𝐵 is withdrawn from the circuit.

38. Baking powder produces carbon dioxide on heating, so it is used in cooking to make the batter 4
spongy. Although, baking soda also produces CO2 on heating, but it is not used in cooking because
on heating, baking soda produces sodium carbonate along with carbon dioxide. Sodium carbonate,
thus produced, makes the taste bitter. Baking powder is the mixture of baking soda and a mild edible
acid.
.
(i) When sodium carbonate is produced on heating baking soda, why does it make the taste bitter?
(ii) Write the equation for making baking soda from brine.
(iii) Which acid is generally added to make baking powder for making cakes and pastries? How is
washing soda prepared from baking soda?
OR
(iii) Write two uses of baking soda other than in baking industry and two uses of washing soda.

39. 4
The human brain is a complex organ that controls thought, memory, emotion, touch, motor skills,
vision, breathing, temperature, and many other functions that regulate our body. It is divided into
three main parts: fore brain, mid brain and hind brain

i) Which part of the brain is responsible for

a) higher brain functions like thought and action
b) power of accommodation of eye lens
(ii) What is the primary function of the cerebellum?
(iii) Describe the role of the medulla in maintaining vital body functions.
OR
(iii)Name the endocrine gland present in our brain. Mention the hormone secreted and its function.

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