Scribd
Upload
20 views

NumberSystem

The document explains the concept of number systems in computers, highlighting that computers only understand numbers and convert data into electronic pulses. It outlines four main types of number systems: binary (base-2), decimal (base-10), octal (base-8), and hexadecimal (base-16), each with its own set of digits and applications. Additionally, it provides examples of how to convert numbers between different systems.

Uploaded by

rinnameela
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
20 views

NumberSystem

The document explains the concept of number systems in computers, highlighting that computers only understand numbers and convert data into electronic pulses. It outlines four main types of number systems: binary (base-2), decimal (base-10), octal (base-8), and hexadecimal (base-16), each with its own set of digits and applications. Additionally, it provides examples of how to convert numbers between different systems.

Uploaded by

rinnameela
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 10

Number System in Computer

 We communicate using words and characters. We are


familiar with numbers, characters, and words.
 But, this type of data is incompatible with computers.
Computers can only comprehend numbers.
 As a result, when we enter information, it is converted into
an electronic pulse.
 ASCII ( American standard code for information interchange )
- converts the code from each pulse into a numeric format. It
assigns a numerical value (number) to each number,
character, and symbol. So, to understand computer
language, one must be familiar with number systems.

What is a Number System?


 A number system is a method of writing numbers that is a
mathematical way of representing the numbers of a given
set by mathematically using numbers or symbols.
 A number system is defined as a writing system for denoting
numbers logically using digits or symbols.
 The numeral system represents a useful set of numbers,
reflects a number’s arithmetic and algebraic structure, and
offers standard representation.
 All numbers can be formed using the digits 0 to 9. Anyone
can generate an infinite number using these digits. For
instance, 156,3907, 3456, 1298, 784859, and so on.
Types of the Number System in Computer
There are mainly four types of the number system in computer

Binary Number System:

• The binary number system is the most fundamental


number system used in computer science.
• It uses only two digits, 0 and 1, to represent all
numbers and data.
Decimal Number System:

• The decimal number system is also used in computer


science, but it is not as fundamental as the binary
system.
• It uses ten digits, 0 through 9, to represent numbers.
Octal Number System:

• The octal number system uses eight digits, 0 through


7, to represent numbers.
• It is commonly used in computer programming and
digital electronics.
Hexadecimal Number System:
• The hexadecimal number system uses 16 digits,
including 0 through 9 and A through F, to represent
numbers.
• It is often used in computer programming and digital
electronics.

 Each of these number systems has its advantages and


disadvantages, and each is used in different applications.
 For example, the binary number system is used to represent
and manipulate data in computer hardware, while the
decimal number system is used for everyday calculations.

Types of Number Systems


1.Decimal Number System (Base-10)

• Digits Used: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
• Base: 10
• This is the number system we use in everyday life.
• Each digit’s position represents a power of 10.
• Example:
(347) = 3 X 102 + 4 X 101 + 7X100
10

(578) = 5 X 102 + 7 X 101 + 8X100


10

(921) = 9 X 102 + 2 X 101 + 1X100


10

(4698) = 4 X 103 + 6 X 102 + 9 X 101 + 8X100


10

2. Binary Number System (Base-2)

• Digits Used: 0, 1
• Base: 2
• The binary system is used internally by computers to represent data
and perform calculations.
• Each digit’s position represents a power of 2.
• Example:
(1011)2= 1X 23 + 0X 22 + 1X 21 + 1X 20 = (11)10

? Write (14) as a binary number.


10

Solution:
∴ (14)10 = 11102
Binary to decimal conversion:

1.Convert (10101)2 to decimal?


Solution:

(Positional weight) 2 4 23 22 21 20
Binary number 10101
= (1 x 2 4) + (0 x 23) + ( 1x 22 ) + ( 0 x 21 ) + (1 x 20)
= 16 + 0+ 4+ 0+ 1
= (21) 10

2.Convert (111.101)2 to decimal?


Solution:

(111.101)2 = (1 x 22)+(1 x 21)+( 1x 20 ) + ( 1 x 2-1 ) + (0 x 2-2) + (1 x 2-3)


= 4+ 2+ 1 + 0.5 + 0 + 0.125
= (7.625)10
3. Octal Number System (Base-8)
• Digits Used: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
• Base: 8
• Octal numbers are sometimes used as a shorthand for binary numbers
because 3 binary digits can be grouped into one octal digit.
• Each digit’s position represents a power of 8.
• Example:
(745)8 = 7 X 82 + 4X 81 + 5 X 80 = (485)10
4. Hexadecimal Number System (Base-16)
• Digits Used: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A (10), B (11), C (12), D (13), E
(14), F (15)
• Base: 16
• Hexadecimal is commonly used in programming, especially in defining
memory addresses.
• Each digit’s position represents a power of 16.
• Example:

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy