IT3501-FULL STACK WEB DEVELOPMENT

2-MARKS

UNIT - I

1) What is web development framework?

Ans
• A web development framework is a collection of tools, libraries and
- A web development framework is a collection of tools, libraries and technologies that a used to create
web applications and websites.
• It provides a basic structure and set of conventions for developers to build web
-It provides a basic structure and set of conventions for developers to build web applications quickly and
efficiently

2)Why do we use web framework? Give any two reasons.

1. Saves time: The most striking feature of web framework is that it saves time and energy in developing
any app because the developer doesn't need to worry about session handling. error handling and
authentication logic. These functions are taken care of by web frameworks.
2. Flexibility and customizable : Add-ons, themes, plugins, widgets enable rapid customization on the
web application. This brings out a lot of flexibility in code development

3)What are the components of web development framework?

The components of web development framework are-
(1) User
(2) Browser
(3) Web Server
(4) Backend services

4)Give the importance of browser

The browser plays three roles in web framework
1.It provides communication to and from the web server.
2.It interprets the data from the server and displays the visual output.
3.The browser handles user interaction through the keyboard, mouse, touchscreen or
other input device and takes the appropriate action.

5)What is GET and POST request ?

i) GET: The GET request is typically used to retrieve data from the server. This data can be in the html
files or images.

ii) POST: The POST request is used for sending the data to the server. For example -

Creditcard details while performing online shopping

6)What is web server?

Web server is a special type of server to which the web browser submits the request of a web page which
is desired by the client.

7)Enlist the functions of web server

Various functions of web server are -
1. The web servers accept the requests from the web browsers.
2. The user request is processed by the web server.
3. The web servers respond to the users by providing the services which they
demand for over the web browsers
4. The web servers serve the web based applications.

8) What do you mean by backend services

1) Backend services are the services that run behind the web server. These services
provide th data to the web server which is requested by the web browser.
2) The most commonly used backend service is a database that stores the
information.

9)What is MVC?
1. Model: This part of the architecture is responsible for managing the application
data. The module responds to the request made from view. The model gives
instructions to controller to update when the response is made.
2. View: This part takes care of the presentation of data. The data is presented in des
format with the help of view. This is a script based system using JSP, ASP, PHP and
so on.
3. Controller: The controller receives input, validates it and then performs business
operation that modify the state of the data model. The controller basically responds to
user required and performs interaction with the model.

10)What is full stack ?

Full stack development is development of both front end and back end of any
web application The full stack consists of - 1. MongoDB 2. Express 3. AngularJS 4.
Node.js 5. React.js

UNIT - II

1.What is Node.js ? Give its uses.

Node JS is an open source technology for server. Using Node.js we can run
JavaScript on server.
It can perform various tasks such as -
1) It can create, open, read, delete, write and close files on the server.
2) It can collect form data.
3) It can also add, delete, modify data in databases.
4) It generate dynamic web pages.

2 .What is NPM?
The NPM stands for Node Package Manager. NPM consists of two main
parts:
1) A CLI (command-line interface) tool for publishing and downloading packages,
2) An online repository that hosts JavaScript packages

3.Explain the use of 'cluster module in Node.js

The cluster module helps in creating a child process. Both the main and child
can run simultaneously and share the same server port

4.Explain the console.log statement in Node.js with suitable example

console.log(data][,]): It is used for printing to stdout with newline. This
function take maltiple arguments similar to a printf statement in C
For example
var emp_name= 'Ankita'
emp_dept {
dept: 'Sales', dept2: 'Accounts'
};
console.log (Name %s+\n+ Departments:%f,emp_name, emp depts);

5.What is Event Emitter ?

The emitter objects performs following tasks-
1) It emits named events
2) Registed and unregisted listener functions.
Basically EventEmitter is a class which can be used to raise and handle custom
even.
6.What is the purpose of add Listener method?
Adds a listener to the end of the listeners array for the specified event. No checks made to see if the
listener has already been added

7.Explain the setMaxListener and getMaxListener methods of Node.js

1) setMaxListeners(int): This method sets the number of listeners to the particular
event. default, a maximum of 10 listeners can be registered for any single event.
2) getMaxListeners(): It will return the max listeners value set by setMaxListeners()

8.Explain the setTimeout function in Node.js with suitable

This function is used to set one time callback after delaying by some milliseconds.
Syntax
Timeout(function.delay in milliseconds)
Example code
Console.log(Task1')
Timeout(function() (console.log("Taks2: Executing After 4 seconds")),4000);
console.log("Task3)

9. What is QueryString?

The query string specifies the parameters of the data that is being queried from a website's database. Each
query string is made up of a parameter and a value joined by the equals (-) sign. In case of multiple
parameters, query strings are joined using the ampersand (&) sign. The parameter can be a number,
string, encrypted value or any other form of data on the database.

10.Explain the use of ClientRequest object.

The ClientRequest object is used to monitor and handle the response from the server. For implementing
the ClientRequest object the call to the http.request() is made.
The syntax to this method is as follows-
http.request(options.callback)

UNIT - III

1.What is NOSQL?
-NoSQL stands for not only SQL,
-It is non tabular database system that store da differently than relational tables.
-There are various types of NOSQL databases such document, key-value, wide column and graph
 NoSQL stands for not only SQL,
 It is nontabular database system that store da differently than relational tables.
 There are various types of NOSQL databases such document, key-value, wicolumn and graph.
 Using NOSQL we can maintain flexible schemas and these schemas can be scaled
-Using NOSQL we can maintain flexible schemas and these schemas can be scaled easily with large
amount of data.

2. List the features of NoSQL.

1) The NoSQL does not follow any relational model.
2) It is either schema free or have relaxed schema. That means it does not require
specific definition of schema.
3) Multiple NoSQL databases can be executed in distributed fashion.
4) It can process both unstructured and semi-structured data.
5) The NoSQL have higher scalability.

3. Why NoSQL?
The concept of NoSQL (Not Only SQL) consists of technologies that provide storage and retrieval
without the tightly constrained models of traditional SQL relational databases.
The motivation behind NoSQL is mainly simplified designs, horizontal scaling, and finer control of
the availability of data

4.List the features of MongoDB

1) It is a schema-less, document based database system.
2) It provides high performance data persistence.
3) It supports multiple storage engines.
4)It has a rich query language support.
5) MongoDB provides high availability and redundancy with the help of
replication. That means it creates multiple copies of the data and sends these copies to a different server
that if one server fails, then the data is retrieved from another

5.How remove users from MongoDB ?

For removing the user, the db.dropUser() is used. db.dropUser(username)

6.How to create collection in MomgoDB ?

We can create collection explicitly using createCollection command
Syntax
db.createCollection(name.options)
Where, name is the name of collection options is an optional field. This field is used to specify some
parameters such as maximum number of documents and so on.

7.How to insert document in MongoDB?

There are 2 methods to insert documents into a MongoDB database.
(i)insertOne() (ii) insertMany()
db.collection.insertOne(
<document>,
{
writeConcern: <document>
}
)

8.List the methods to create connections in MongoDB?

(i) To create an instance of the MongoClient object.
(ii) uses a connection string to connect.

9.Define WriteConcern in MongoDB?

Write concern describes the guarantee that the MongoDB connection provides
 Write concern describes the guarantee that the MongoDB connection provides
when reporting on the success of a write operation.
The strength of the write concern determines the level of guarantee
10.What is Map reduce?
Map reduce is a data processing programming model that helps in performing
operations on large data sets and produce aggregate results Map reduce is used for
large volume of data.
The syntax for map reduce is
db.collection.mapReduce(
function() {emit(key,value);}, //map function
function(key,values) {return reduceFunction}, { //reduce function
out: collection
query: document,
sort: document,
limit: number
}
)

UNIT - IV

1) Define Express.
1. Express, often referred to as "Express.js" or simply "Express," is a popular and minimalist web application
framework for Node.js.
2.It provides a robust set of features and tools for building web and mobile applications, making it easier to develop server
-side applications and APIs (Application Programming Interfaces).

2) What are the features of Express.

1.Middleware:
Express uses middleware to handle various tasks in therequest-response cycle.Middleware functions can perform tasks
like parsing request bodies,handling authentication, logging, and more. Express allows developers to use built-in
middleware or create custom middleware functions to handlespecific requirements.
2.Routing:
Express provides a simple and flexible routing system thatallows developers to define routes for different HTTP methods
(GET,POST, PUT, DELETE, etc.).These routes determine how the application responds to client requestsand enable the
organization of application logic.

3) What is Routing?
1.Routing in Express is the process of defining how your application responds to different HTTP requests
for specific URLs (Uniform Resource Locators).
2.Express provides a flexible and easy to use routing system that allows youto map URLs to specific actions or
controllers in your application.

4) What is the command to install Express JS?

npm install express

5) What are the methods for implementing an express module? Give an example.
In Express.js, you can implement various methods or HTTP request methods to define routes and handle different
types of HTTP requests. Express provides methods that correspond to common HTTP request methods such as GET,
POST,PUT,DELETE, and more. These methods are used to create routes that respond to specific HTTP requests.

6) List any five methods of Response Object?

 res.send()
 res.status()
 res.json()
 res.redirect()
 res.render()
7) Define Angular framework.

Angular is a popular open-source front-end web application framework developed and maintained by Google
and a community of individual developers and corporations.
It is designed to simplify the development of dynamic, single-page web applications (SPAs) and provide a
structured and organized way to build complex, client-side applications.

8. What is TypeScript? State two advantages.

TypeScript is an open-source programming language developed and maintained by Microsoft. It is a strict
syntactical superset of JavaScript, which means that any valid JavaScript code is also valid TypeScript code
1.Static Typing
2.Advanced Features and Tooling

9. What are the features of TypeScript?

1)Module System:
TypeScript uses a module system that helps organize code into reusable and maintainable units. It supports both
CommonJSand ES6 modules.
2)IDE Support:
Most popular integrated development environments(IDEs) and code editors provide excellent support for Type Script.
Features like auto completion, type checking, and inline documentationenhance developer productivity.

10.What are the two types of data bindings in Angular?

1. Property binding:
This type of binding allows to pass the interpolatedvalues from application data to HTML. The interpolated values are
specified in{{ and }} bracket pair. For instance- the student.name is interpolating value.<p>Name:
{{ student.name}}</p>
2. Event binding:
Event binding is used to capture events on the user'send on the app and respond to it in the target environment by updating
the application data.

UNIT - V

1. What is Bootstrap and React-BootStrap?

Bootstrap isa free, open source front-end development framework for the creationof websites and web apps.
Designed to enable responsive development of mobile-first websites, Bootstrap provides a collection of syntax for template
designs. The most popular CSS framework, has been adapted to React and the project is called React
Bootstrap

2. What are the limitations of React.

 Steep Learning Curve:

React involves concepts like JSX, component lifecycle, hooks, and state management, which can be
challenging for beginners to grasp initially.

 Requires Additional Libraries:

React is a library, not a full-fledged framework. To build a complete application, you often need
additional tools/libraries for routing (e.g., React Router) and state management (e.g., Redux, Context
API), increasing complexity.

3. What is JSX ?
JSX (JavaScript XML) is a syntax extension for JavaScript used in React to describe the UI structure. It
allows developers to write HTML-like code within JavaScript, making it easier to create and visualize
React components.

4. What are the uses of render() method ?

 Rendering UI Components:
The render() method in React is used to define the structure of the component's user interface. It returns a
React element that describes how the component should appear on the screen.
 Re-Rendering on State/Prop Changes:
When the state or props of a component change, the render() method is automatically called to update the
UI, ensuring it reflects the latest data. This makes React applications highly dynamic and responsive.

5. Define REST

REST (Representational State Transfer) is an architectural style for designing networked applications.
It relies on a stateless, client-server communication model using standard HTTP methods like GET,
POST, PUT, and DELETE to perform operations on resources.

6. Define SSR

SSR (Server-Side Rendering) is a technique where a web application's HTML content is generated on
the server and sent to the client. This contrasts with client-side rendering, where JavaScript generates the
content in the browser.

7. What is Modularization ?

Modularization is the process of dividing a program or system into smaller, manageable, and
independent units called modules. Each module handles a specific functionality and can be developed,
tested, and maintained separately.

8. What is Webpack ?

Webpack is a popular open-source module bundler and build tool for JavaScript applications. It takes
modules with dependencies (JavaScript, CSS, images, etc.) and bundles them into a single or multiple
optimized files for deployment.

9. What is React Router ?

React Router is a standard library for managing navigation and routing in React applications. It allows
developers to create single-page applications (SPAs) with dynamic, declarative routing, enabling
seamless navigation without refreshing the page.

10. What is MERN stack ?

The MERN Stack is a popular technology stack used for building full-stack web applications. It is named
after its four key components:

MongoDB: A NoSQL database for storing application data in a flexible, JSON-like format.
Express.js: A web application framework for Node.js, used to build APIs and handle server-side logic.

React: A JavaScript library for building dynamic and interactive user interfaces (UI) on the frontend.

Node.js: A JavaScript runtime environment that executes JavaScript code on the server.