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Antiscabious and Antipedicular Agents

The document discusses various antiscabious and antipedicular agents used to treat scabies and lice, including benzyl benzoate, lindane, crotamiton, and permethrin. Each agent has distinct properties and mechanisms of action, with benzyl benzoate providing immediate relief from itching, lindane acting as a contact poison, crotamiton offering antipruritic effects, and permethrin targeting nerve cell membranes of parasites. Ideal treatments must effectively kill adult parasites and destroy their eggs.

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Swathi Madhavan
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40 views3 pages

Antiscabious and Antipedicular Agents

The document discusses various antiscabious and antipedicular agents used to treat scabies and lice, including benzyl benzoate, lindane, crotamiton, and permethrin. Each agent has distinct properties and mechanisms of action, with benzyl benzoate providing immediate relief from itching, lindane acting as a contact poison, crotamiton offering antipruritic effects, and permethrin targeting nerve cell membranes of parasites. Ideal treatments must effectively kill adult parasites and destroy their eggs.

Uploaded by

Swathi Madhavan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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ANTISCABIOUS AND ANTIPEDICULAR AGENTS :

Scabicides (antiscabious agents) are compounds used to control the


mite Sarcoptes scabiei, an organism that thrives under conditions of
poor personal hygiene.
Pediculicides (antipedicular agents) are used to eliminate head, body,
and crab lice.
Ideal scabicides and pediculicides must kill the adult parasites and
destroy their eggs.

1.BENZYL BENZOATE :
Benzyl benzoate is a naturally occurring ester obtained from Peru
balsam and other resins. It is also prepared synthetically from benzyl
alcohol and benzoyl chloride.

Benzyl benzoate is an effective scabicide when applied topically.


Immediate relief from itching probably results from a local anesthetic
effect; however, a complete cure is frequently achieved with a single
application of a 25% emulsion of benzyl benzoate in oleic acid,
stabilized with triethanolamine.
It is applied topically as a lotion over the entire dampened body,
except the face.

2.LINDANE :
Lindane is 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorocyclohexane, gamma-benzene
hexachloride, or benzene hexachloride .

This halogenated hydrocarbon is prepared by the chlorination of


benzene.
The gamma-isomer, present to 10% to 13% in the mixture, is
responsible for the insecticidal activity.
The action of lindane against insects is threefold: it is a direct contact
poison, it has a fumigant effect, and it acts as a stomach poison. The
effect of lindane on insects is similar to that of DDT. Its toxicity in
humans is somewhat lower than that of
DDT.(DichloroDiphenylTrichloroethane)
Because of its lipid solubility properties, however, lindane when
ingested tends to accumulate in the body. Lindane is used locally as a
cream, lotion, or shampoo for the treatment of scabies and
pediculosis.
3.CROTAMITON :
(N-Ethyl-N-(2-methylphenyl)-2-butenamide, or N-ethyl-o-
crotonotoluidide (Eurax))

Crotamiton is available in 10% concentration in a lotion and a cream


intended for the topical treatment of scabies.
Its antipruritic effect is probably because of a local anesthetic action.

4.PERMETHRIN :
3-(2,2-Dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethyl-cyclopropanecarboxylic acid
(3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl ester or 3-(phenoxyphenyl)methyl (+-)-cis,
trans-3-(2,2- dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate
(Nix).
Permethrin exerts a lethal action against lice, ticks, mites, and fleas. It
acts on the nerve cell membranes of the parasites to disrupt sodium
channel conductance. It is used as a pediculicide for the treatment of
head lice.

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