DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL RUBY PARK, KOLKATA

WORKSHEET ON LIMITS AND DERIVATIVES

CLASS XI (2024-25)

MATHEMATICS

Some standard limits:

xn − an tan( x − a )
(i) lim = na n−1 =1
x →a x − a (v) lim
x →a x−a

sin x log(1 + x )
(ii) lim =1 =1
x →0 x (vi) lim
x →0 x

tan x ax −1
(iii) lim =1
x→0 x (vii) lim = log e a , a  0, a  1
x →0 x
sin( x − a )
(iv) lim =1 ex −1
x →a x−a =1
(viii) lim
x →0 x

Some standard derivatives:

d d
(vi) dx (cos x ) = − sin x
n−1
(i) dx ( x ) = nx
n

d x d
(vii) dx (tan x ) = sec x
2
(ii) dx ( e ) = e
x

d
d x (cot x ) = − cosec 2 x
(iii) dx (a ) = a log e a
x (viii) dx
d
d 1 (ix) dx (sec x ) = sec x tan x
(iv) dx log e x = x
d
(x) (cosec x ) = − cosec x cot x
d dx
(v) (sin x ) = cos x
dx

Multiple Choice Questions (1 mark each)

Choose the correct option:

 4x, x0

1. If f (x) =  1, x=0 then lim f ( x ) equals
x→0
3x2 , x0

(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 3 (d) does not exists.

x 3 − 125
2. The value of lim is
x→5 x − 7 x + 10
2

(a) 15 (b) 20 (c)25 (d) 125

 1− x − 4
3. The value of lim
x →5 x−5
1 3 3
(a) − (b) (c) 1 (d)
2 4 8

x4 − 9
4. The value of lim
x→ 3 x + 4 3 x − 15
2 is
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 5
1 − sin x 3
5. The value of lim is
x→
2
cos2 x
1 2 1 3
(a) (b) (c) (d)
3 3 2 2
 1 3 
6. The value of lim ( x 2 − 9 )  + 2 .
x→3  x + 3 x − 3x 
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 6
x−2
2 −1
7. The value of lim .
x→2 x−2
(a) 1 (b) loge 2 (c) − loge 2 (d) -1
1 + x + x2 − 1
8. The value of lim
x →0 x
2 1
(a) 2 (b) (c) (d) 3
3 2
9. lim x 2 + cx − x is equal to :
x →

c
(a) (b)0 (c) 2c (d) 1
2

x2 + 1 − 3 x2 + 1
10. lim is equal to :
x → 4
x4 + 1 − 5 x4 − 1
(a) 1 (b) -1 (c) 0 (d) none of these
2 − 1 + cos x
11. lim is equal to :
x →0 sin2 x
1 1 1 1
(a) (b) (c) (d) −
2 2 8 2 4 2 4 2
1 − cos 2( x − 1)
12. lim is equal to:
x→0 x −1
(a) Exists and equals to 2 (b) exists and equals to − 2

(c) does not exist (d) none of these

13. If f ( x ) = log x x 3 , then the value of f ' ( x ) is:

2

(a) 0 (b) 2 (c)7 (d) -2

dy
14. If y = 9 − 6 x + x 2 then at x=1 is:
dx
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c)3 (d) -1
15. If f ( x ) = mx + c and f ( 0) = f ' ( 0) = 1 . Then f ( 2) is equal to
(a) 0 (b) -1 (c) 2 (d) 3
 f ( x) + f ( x) + f ( x) + f ( x) + f ( x ) + ...to  , then
dy
16. If y = is equal to
dx
f ( x) 1 f '( x )
(a) (b) (c) (d) none of these
2y −1 f ( x ) (2 y − 1) 2y −1
5 dy
17. If y = , then equals
x+5 dx
5 5 1
(a) (b) (c) (d)none of these
(1 − y ) (1 + y )2 (1 + y )2
2

1 1 dy
18. If x = t 2 + 2
, y = t 4 + 4 then equals
t t dx
(a) 2x (b) x (c) x 2 (d)none of these
e −e t 5
19. The weight of a bacteria in a culture is given by W ( t ) = where t is the time in hours after the culture was set
t−5
to grow. What will be the weight of the culture when time t → 5 ?
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 0 (d) 5
20. The volume of a spherical balloon being deflated, changes at a constant rate 2cm3 / s ,then at what rate is the radius
dv dr
changing when r = 2cm . Where = rate of change of volume and = rate of change of radius .
dt dt
1 1 1 1
(a) (b) (c) (d)
2 4 8 16

Answers:

1. a 2. c 3. a 4. b 5. d

6. d 7. c 8. c 9. a 10. a

11. c 12. c 13. a 14. d 15. d

16. c 17. a 18. a 19. a 20. d

ASSERTION-REASON BASED QUESTIONS

In the following questions, a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). Choose the correct
answer out of the following choices.

(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

(c) A is true but R is false.

(d) A is false but R is true.

1
e x −1
21. ASSERTION (A): lim 1
does not exists.
x →0
e +1
x

1 1
e −1
x
e −1
x
REASON(R): lim− 1
=1 and lim+ 1
= -1.
x →0 x →0
e +1
x
e +1
x
 d 1
22. ASSERTION(A): For x  0 , (ln x ) = − .
dx x

REASON(R): For x  0 , x = − x

 sin x 
23. ASSERTION(A): If lim  f ( x) +  does not exist, then lim f ( x) also does not exist.
x →0
 x  x →0

 sin x 
REASON(R): lim   exists and its value is 1.
x →0
 x 

   
24. ASSERTION(A): If f ( x ) = sin 2 x + sin 2  x +  + cos x cos  x +  , then f '( x) = 0
 3  3
REASON(R): Derivative of constant function is zero.

25. ASSERTION (A): f ( x ) = sin x then f ' ( ) = f ' ( 3)

REASON(R): f ( x ) = sin x then f ( ) = f (3 ) .

ANSWERS:

21. c 22. d 23. a 24. a 25. b

2marks /3 marks questions

sin x
26. Prove that lim
x→0
does not exist
x

1 + x2 − 1 + x
27. Evaluate: lim [ANS ∶ 1 ]
x →0 1 + x3 − 1 + x

( 2 x − 3 )( x − 1 ) −1
28. Evaluate: lim [ANS: ]
x →0 3x2 + 3x − 6 18

x n − 3n
29. If lim = 108 , find the value of n. [ANS ∶ 4]
x→3 x − 3

x3 − a3 x4 − 1 2
30. If lim = lim , find all possible values of a. [ANS ∶ ]
x →a x−a x →1 x − 1 3

 13  1 
 x − 3 x3 + 3
31. Evaluate: lim    2
[ANS ∶ ]
x → 27 x − 27 9

et − e5
32. The weight of a bacteria in a culture is given by W ( t ) = where t is the time in hours after the culture was set
t−5
to grow. What will be the weight of the culture when time t → 5 ? [ANS: e 5 ]
33. The displacement of a particle P along the x -axis is given by the displacement function s(t ) = 3 + 8t − 2t 2 , t  0 . If
the velocity of P at time t is given by v ( t ) = s ( t ) , then find the velocity of P ? If the acceleration of P at time t is given

by a ( t ) = v ( t ) then prove that acceleration is constant.

34. A car is moving along the lane AC and another car is moving along the lane BC if their path is represented by a
 −3 x + 5 x0
function. f ( x ) = 
 5 ( x + 1) x0
Evaluate lim f ( x ) to check if they will meet at C , Show your work . [ANS:5 units]
x →0

35. A particle moves in a straight line with velocity function v ( t ) = 2 t + 3cm / s , t  0

v (1 + h) − v (1)
(i) Find the value of lim .
h→ 0 h
v ( t + h) − v ( t )
(ii) Interpret lim . [ANS: (i) 1(ii) v’(t)]
h→ 0 h

36. Find the derivative of f ( x ) = sin x by first principle.

cos x
[ANS: ]
2 sin x

37. Find the derivative of f ( x ) = tan ( ax + b ) by first principle. [ANS: asec2 ( ax + b ) ]

38. Find the derivative of f ( x) = ax by first principle. [ANS: a x log a ]

39. Differentiate f ( x ) = x sin x log x with respect to x. [Ans: sin x log x + x cos x log x + sin x ]

40. Differentiate f ( x ) = x 2 e x sin x with respect to x. [Ans: x 2e x ( 3sin x + x sin x + x cos x )

x sin x x + sin x
41. Differentiate f ( x ) = with respect to x. [ANS: ]
1 + cos x 1 + cos x

5marks questions
 2 − ( sin x + cos x ) 1
42. Evaluate : lim . [ANS: ]
(4x − )
2
x→
4
16 2
dy 1
43. If 𝒙√𝟏 + 𝒚 + 𝒚√𝟏 + 𝒙 = 𝟎 , Prove that =− .
dx (1 + x2 )
44. Consider a general function y = f ( x ) where A is ( x , f ( x ) ) and B is ( x + h, f ( x + h) ) . To find the slope function
 f ( x + h) − f ( x ) 
we need to evaluate f ' ( x ) = lim   . This is called as the 1st principle method.
x →0
 h 

Using the above mentioned method of 1st Principle , Evaluate the slope function of f ( x ) = tan x . [ANS: 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥]

45. Find the derivative of f ( x ) by first principle.

b b
(i) f ( x ) = ax 2 + [ANS : 2ax − ]
x x2
(ii) f ( x ) = sin x − cos x [ANS: cos x − sin x ]

46. Find the derivative of f ( x ) by first principle.

2x + 3 5
(i) f ( x ) = [ANS : − ]
3x + 2 ( 3 x + 2)
2

(ii) f ( x ) = xe x [ANS: ( x + 1) e x ]
sin x − cos x dy 2
47. If y= then find . [ANS: ]
sin x + cos x dx 1 + sin x
48. (a) A tank contains 10 litres of pure water. Salt water containing 20 grams of salt per litre is pumped into the tank at 2 litres per
minute.

(i) Express the salt concentration C ( t ) after t minutes (in g/L).

lim C ( t ) ?
20t
(ii) What is the long-term concentration of salt, i.e., [ANS: (i) (ii) 20]
t → 5+ t

CASE STUDY

a sin x − b sin 3x + c sin 5 x

49. Case- Study 1: lim f ( x) = 2 where f ( x) = and a : b : c = 3 : 2 : 1, then
x →0 x
(i) Find the value of a. [1]
(ii) Find the value of b. [1]
(iii) Find the value of a + 3b . [2]
Or
(iv) Find the value of 2a − b + c . [2]

Answer : (i) 3 (ii) 2 (iii) 9 or (iii) 5 ;

 50. Case- Study 2: A circle contains ' n' congruent isosceles triangles, all with common vertex O and with vertices of
the base on the circle as shown.

1 2  2 
(i) Explain why the sum of the areas of the triangles is Sn = nr sin  
2  n 
(ii) Find lim S n . [ANS: 2𝜋𝑟 2 ]
n →

f ( x + h) − f ( x )
51. Case- Study 3: If y = f ( x) be a differentiable function of x such that f '( x) = lim
h →0 h
On the basis of above information, answer the following questions:
(i) If y = e3 x +7 , then find the value of f '(0) . [2]
ln x
(ii) If y = , then find the value of f '(e) . [2]
x

[ANS:(i) 3𝑒 7 (ii) 0]

52. Case- Study 4 : A submarine is moving in along the path represented by y = 2− t − 3 as depicted in the graph given

below:
Here the scale of the graph : y-axis 1unit= 1000km
(i) What is the depth it obtains in two hours? [2]
(ii) What is the maximum depth it is approaching, in long term i.e., if it stays in the water for infinite
hours? [2]

[ANS: (i) 6250km (ii) 3000km]

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