Scribd
Upload
26 views13 pages

Liq Loading Pipesim

The document discusses liquid loading during gas production, highlighting its causes and mechanisms, such as flow pattern changes and droplet coalescence. It presents the Turner model for predicting liquid loading, which emphasizes the importance of monitoring gas rates to avoid critical conditions. Additionally, it mentions corrections and adaptations made by various researchers to improve the model's accuracy, particularly at different wellhead pressures.

Uploaded by

abdallahamgupco
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
26 views13 pages

Liq Loading Pipesim

The document discusses liquid loading during gas production, highlighting its causes and mechanisms, such as flow pattern changes and droplet coalescence. It presents the Turner model for predicting liquid loading, which emphasizes the importance of monitoring gas rates to avoid critical conditions. Additionally, it mentions corrections and adaptations made by various researchers to improve the model's accuracy, particularly at different wellhead pressures.

Uploaded by

abdallahamgupco
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 13

Liquid loading prediction with PIPESIM

Liquid loading

During gas production some liquids may not be carried out by


the gas stream, this the starting point of liquid loading.

• When gas reservoirs depletes


• Liquid accumulates at well s bottomhole
• Bottomhole pressure increases
• Gas effective permeability decreases
• Eventually a natural buildup will take place

2
Liquid loading
Mechanisms that contributes to liquid loading

• Flow pattern change


• Liquid film movement
• Entrained droplet phenomenon
• Droplet coalescence
• Downhole diameter increment

3
Mutiphase flow patterns
Horizontal Flow Vertical Flow

4
Flow pattern map
Taitel Dukler map (Horizontal flow)
Flow patterns are identified by maps which analyze gas superficial
velocity and liquid superficial velocity

75.0
Bubbly

10.0
Intermittent

vsL 1.00 Annular


(ft/s)

0.10
Stratified Stratified
Smooth Wavy
0.01
0.1 1.0 10.0 100.0 900.0
vsG
(ft/s)

5
Liquid loading prediction
Models

PIPESIM model
• Turner (1969)
- Modified by Coleman (1991), Nossier (2000), Li (2002)
• Multiphase flow patterns– Taitel (1980)
• Barnea (1987)

6
Liquid loading prediction
Turner model

• Based on entrained droplet model


• Loss of gas velocity prevents droplets to
be entrined upwards
• Analyze entrained vs graviational energy
• Control factor: gas rate
• Define gas critical velocity

7
Liquid loading prediction
Turner model

Turner suggest to apply a correction factor of 1.2, in this base equation, due to
deviation from the measure data
Conclusion: Production Gas rate at wellhead must by monitored in order
to prevent producing under critical gas rate.

8
Liquid loading prediction
Turner model
Turner s equation update

• Coleman
- Suggest not to use 1.2 factor for WHP< 500 psi
• Li
- Uses a correction factor of 0.454 when WHP < 100 psi
• Nossier
- Consider coalescence mechanism

9
Liquid loading prediction
Turner model
Nossier correction

• Consider turbulent flow


• Droplet coalescence
• Droplet concentration (Defined by
Liq. Holdup)
• Threshold concentration value (β)

10
Liquid loading prediction
Turner model
Nossier correction
• Liquid Holdup

• Critical gas velocity

β = 0.01

11
Liquid loading prediction
PIPESIM analysis

12
Liquid loading prediction
PIPESIM analysis
Liquid Loading Velocity ratio (LLVR)

• Ratio Vt/Vgas
• LLVR > 1 indicates liquid loading risk
• Nodal analysis:
- Indicates the gas rate where LLVR = 1

13

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy