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The document discusses stoichiometry and limiting reagents in chemical reactions, explaining the quantitative relationships among reactants and products. It provides examples and exercises to identify limiting and excess reagents in various chemical equations. Additionally, it emphasizes common mistakes students make regarding limiting reagents and includes feedback and interactive elements for learning enhancement.

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23 views35 pages

Jee notes

The document discusses stoichiometry and limiting reagents in chemical reactions, explaining the quantitative relationships among reactants and products. It provides examples and exercises to identify limiting and excess reagents in various chemical equations. Additionally, it emphasizes common mistakes students make regarding limiting reagents and includes feedback and interactive elements for learning enhancement.

Uploaded by

krt.137936689377
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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India’s #1 JEE Batch

Mole Concept 3

Ones Today IITians Tomorrow


Lets not forget about mole..
STOICHIOMETRY and LIMITING REAGENTS

Stoichiometry means the quantitative relationships among the reactants and


the products in a reaction.

2H2 + O2 --------> 2H2O N2(g) + 3H2(g) --------> 2NH3(g)


STOICHIOMETRY and LIMITING REAGENTS

We Have:

8 8 7
STOICHIOMETRY and LIMITING REAGENTS
Stoichiometry means the quantitative relationships among the
reactants and the products in a reaction.

N2(g) + 3H2(g) --------> 2NH3(g)

1 molecule of nitrogen combines with 3 molecules of hydrogen to form 2


molecules of ammonia.
N2(g) + 3H2(g) --------> 2NH3(g)
1 molecules 3 molecules 2 molecules
STOICHIOMETRY and LIMITING REAGENTS

N2(g) + 3H2(g) --------> 2NH3(g)

N2(g) + 3H2(g) --------> 2NH3(g)


1 molecules 3 molecules 2 molecules
Multiplying by 6.022 × 1023 the entire equation,
1 × 6.022 × 1023 3 × 6.022 × 1023 2 × 6.022 × 1023
molecules molecules molecules

This means
1 mol 3 mol 2 mol
How many moles of nitrogen are needed to produce 16 moles of ammonia by
reaction with hydrogen ?

N2(g) + 3H2(g) --------> 2NH3(g)


How many moles of iron can be made from Fe2O3 by the use of 12 mol
of carbon monoxide in the following reaction :

Fe2O3 + 3CO ------------> 2Fe + 3CO2


1. For producing 10 moles of H2O, how many moles of CH4 are required?
(Consider O2 is in excess)
CH4 + 2 O2 -------> CO2 + 2 H2O
(a) 1 (b) 2
(c) 5 (d) 10
LIMITING REAGENT :
The reactant which is completely consumed when a reaction goes to
completion is called the limiting reagent or limiting reactant
The other reactants present in quantities greater than those needed to
react with the quantity of the limiting reagent present would be left
unreacted.
It is also called excess reagent.

2H2 + O2 --------> 2H2O


& Learning Continues..

LIMITING REAGENT

Common Silly Mistake :


Generally student thinks that the reagent which is less is limiting but limiting
reagent is actually decided by the ratio.
Example

4 biscuits of Parle Ji + 1 wrapper = 1 Packet of Biscuit

20 Biscuit 6 wraper
(i) Identify Lim. reagent
(ii) Identify excess reagent & amount left.
(iii) Identify the amount of product formed.
(iv) How much more L.R. is required to complete the process.
4 biscuits of Parle Ji + 1 wrapper = 1 Packet of Biscuit

20 Biscuit 6 wrapper
(i) Identify Lim. reagent
(ii) Identify excess reagent & amount left.
(iii) Identify the amount of product formed.
(iv) How much more L.R. is required to complete the process.
Example #3.

2H2 + O2 --------> 2H2O

Available moles
20 moles 12 moles

(i) Identify L.R.

(ii) Identify excess reagent & amount left.

(iii) Identify the amount of product formed.

(iv) How much more L.R. is required to complete the process.


Example #4.

N2 + 3H2 --------> 2NH3


Available moles
10 moles 15 moles

Ques: (i) Identify L.R.


(ii) Identify excess reagent & amount left.
(iii) Identify the amount of product formed.
(iv) How much more L.R. is required to complete the process.
Example #4.

N2 + 3H2 --------> 2NH3


Available moles
10 moles 15 moles
Example #4.

N2 + 3H2 --------> 2NH3


Available moles
10 moles 15 moles
If you are given with 2 moles of oxygen and hydrogen each, identify limiting and
excess reagent ?

2H2 + O2 --------> 2H2O


If you are given with 10 moles of oxygen and 20 moles of hydrogen, identify limiting
and excess reagent ?

2H2 + O2 --------> 2H2O


If you are given with 3,3 moles of nitrogen and hydrogen each, identify limiting
and excess reagent ?

N2(g) + 3H2(g) --------> 2NH3(g)


If you are given with 28 grams of each nitrogen and hydrogen, identify limiting
and excess reagent ?

N2(g) + 3H2(g) --------> 2NH3(g)


Calculate the amount of water in grams produced by combustion of 16 g
methane (CH4).

CH4 (g) + 2O2 (g) --------> CO2 (g) + 2H2O (g)


For the given reaction, 2 Al + 3 CuCl2 → 2 AICl3 + 3 Cu

If The feed contains 3 moles of each component of the feed, which one is the
limiting reactant?
7 (a) Al
b (b) CuCl2
c (c) Neither Al nor CuCl2
d (d) None of the mentioned
For the given reaction
C5H12 + 8 O2 → 5 CO2+ 6 H2O
If the reactants C5H12 & O2 are having 2 moles an 8 moles of initial feed respectively.

1 (i) Which is the excess reactant in the reaction?


a (a) C5H12 (b) O2
c (c) CO2 (d) H2O
0.250 g of an element M, reacts with excess fluorine to produce 0.547 g of the
hexafluoride MF6. What is the element:
[Cr = 52, Mo = 96, S = 32, Te = 127.6]
(A) Cr (B) Mo
(C) S (D) Te
If 1½ moles of oxygen combine with Al to form Al2O3, the weight of Al used in the
reaction is (Al = 27):
(A) 27g (B) 54g
(C) 40.5g (D) 81g
The reaction 2C + O2 → 2CO is carried out by taking 24g of carbon 96g O2.

(i) How many g of reactant left in excess ?


(A) 64 g O2 (B) 60 g O2
(C) 60g C (D) 72g C
The reaction 2C + O2 → 2CO is carried out by taking 24g of carbon 96g O2.

(ii) How many g of CO are formed ?


(A) 56g (B) 66g
(C) 46g (D) 60.5g
The reaction 2C + O2 → 2CO is carried out by taking 24g of carbon 96g O2.

(iii) How many extra moles of limiting reagent should be taken so that nothing is left
at the end of reaction.
(A) 1.5 mole (B) 2 mole
(C) 4 mole (D) 3 mole
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