AUTO CAD

MANUAL
FOR

B.Tech I SEM
Mechanical Engineering
ENGINEERING GRAPHICS
(ME 101 ES)

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING (MECHATRONICS)

MAHATMA GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY(Autonomous)
Accredited by National Board of Accreditation, New Delhi,
(Affiliated to Jawaharlal Nehru Technological
Gandipet, Hyderabad – 500075 (TS)
www.mgit.ac.in
January 2022
 MAHATMA GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

ME101ES ENGINEERING GRAPHICS Syllabus

B.Tech. Mechanical Engg. (Mechatronics) Syllabus

No. of
S.
Unit Brief details of Unit periods Remarks
No required
Introduction to Engineering Graphics: Principles of
Engineering Graphics and their significance drawing
instruments and their use, conventions in Drawing,
UNIT-I

Lines, Lettering, Dimensioning and Geometrical

1 16
construction. Conic sections including the Rectangular
Hyperbola – General method only. Engineering curves:
Cycloid, Epicycloid and Hypocycloid, Involutes,
Scales–Plain and Diagonal

Orthographic Projections Principles of Orthographic

UNIT-II

2 Projections–Conventions–Projections of points and lines 12

–Inclined to one and both the planes

Projections of Planes and Regular Solids Projections of

planes, regular geometric figures, Projections of regular
UNIT-III

3 solids - Simple position and inclined to one plane, 18

Sections or Sectional views and true shapes of right
regular Solids–Prism, Cylinder, Pyramid and Cone.
Development of Surfaces & Intersections of Solids
UNIT-IV

Development of surfaces for right regular Solids–Prism,

4 12
Cylinder, Pyramid and Cone. Intersection of Solids -
Cylinder Vs Cylinder.
Principles of Isometric Projection – Isometric scale –
Isometric views - Conventions – Isometric views of
Lines, Plane figures, Simple compound solids -
Isometric projection of Spherical parts. Conversion of
UNIT-V

5 Isometric views to Orthographic views and vice-versa – 16

conventions Introduction to AUTOCAD software
package commands: Introduction to CAD software
package commands – free hand sketches of 2D –
creation of 2D sketches of CAD package.
TOTAL PERIODS: 74

MGIT DEPT OF MCT - CADCAM LAB – I/IV B.Tech MCT - I SEM

 MAHATMA GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

MGIT DEPT OF MCT - CADCAM LAB – I/IV B.Tech MCT - I SEM

 MAHATMA GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Department Of Mechanical Engineering (Mechatronics Engineering)

Introduction to AUTOCAD software package commands: Introduction to CAD software

package commands – free hand sketches of 2D – creation of 2D sketches of CAD package.

The scheme of Evaluation for Internal marks (CIE) in the Laboratories:

Maximum Marks : 15 Marks

For day to day work : 10 Marks
For Internal Test : 5 Marks

MGIT DEPT OF MCT - CADCAM LAB – I/IV B.Tech MCT - I SEM

 MAHATMA GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

INTRODUCTION TO CAD
Computer Aided Drawing /Drafting is a process of preparing a drawing of an
object/product/component using a computer and a software package, while following
the standards and conventions of technical drawing.

•The CAD software is an interpreter or translator which allows the user to perform
specific type of application or job related to CAD.

•Following are the various type of software used for drafting:

–Auto-CAD
–Draftsight
–Pro-E
–IDEAS
–CATIA etc…

Starting AutoCAD

AutoCAD operates with

–Windows 95, 98, NT, 2000, 2007, 2010 XP with 32 bit or 64 bit, 4 GB Min. RAM, with graphic
Card
–Windows versions are almost identical with regard to functionality.
–When AutoCAD is installed, Windows places a Program Icon on the desktop.
–AutoCAD can be started from the Start Menu or from the Program Icon.

INTRODUCTION TO AUTOCAD

DRAWING AND MODIFYING OBJECTS

AutoCAD is drafting/modeling software used all over the world by almost
all Manufacturing companies. It is variable software which can be used in all
engineering divisions. It is a drafting version popularly known to everyone associated
with mechanical engineering. The AutoCAD drawing enables the designer to
communicate his ideas to the outside of department easily.
Conversion of AutoCAD files to other software is also using drawing exchange
Formula. In the lesson, commands and procedures for drawing and modifying the
Objects are explored.

GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE

MGIT DEPT OF MCT - CADCAM LAB – I/IV B.Tech MCT - I SEM
 MAHATMA GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

–One of the most important aspects of AutoCAD is the Graphical User

Interface (GUI).
Most common component of the GUI is the dialog box.

START AND SAVE A DRAWING

When you start a drawing, you specify the type of units and other settings you
can also choose how to save your files, including saving back up files.
The settings you select, English a metric determines default values used for
many system variables of controlling text dimensions, grid, snap and default line type
and hatch pattern life.
ENGLISH - Creates a new drawing based on Imperial Measurement System.
The drawing is based on cad.dwt template.

METRIC
Creates a new drawing based on metric measurement. The drawing is based on
Ocadiso.dwt template. Save drawing files for later use.

CONTROL THE VIEWS

You can magnify the details in your drawing for a closer view or shift the view
to a different part of the drawing. If you can save the view by name, you can restore
MGIT DEPT OF MCT - CADCAM LAB – I/IV B.Tech MCT - I SEM
 MAHATMA GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

them later.

UNITS
Every object is measured in units. In AutoCAD we can determine the value of
the units before we draw.

LIMITS
The drawings limits are two-dimensional points in the world coordinate that
represent a lower-left limit and an upper right limit. You cannot impose limits on the Z
direction.

AUTOCAD COORDINATE ENTRY METHODS

MGIT DEPT OF MCT - CADCAM LAB – I/IV B.Tech MCT - I SEM

 MAHATMA GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

ABSOLUTE METHOD: (X,Y)

Absolute Cartesian coordinates specify a point’s exact distance from the origin
point of the coordinate system, which is represented as (0,0). The absolute X and Y
coordinates are signed numbers.

MGIT DEPT OF MCT - CADCAM LAB – I/IV B.Tech MCT - I SEM

 MAHATMA GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

RELATIVE METHOD: (@X,Y)

Relative Cartesian coordinates specify a point’s exact distance from the last
point that was entered.
For example, typing @4,2 tells AutoCAD to locate a point that is four X units
and two Y units away from the last point entered. The X and Y relative coordinates are
signed numbers.Direct distance entry is a shorthand relative coordinate entry method.

MGIT DEPT OF MCT - CADCAM LAB – I/IV B.Tech MCT - I SEM

 MAHATMA GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

POLAR METHOD: (@DISTANCE<ANGLE)

Polar coordinates specify a point’s exact location by a distance and angle from
the last point that was entered. The distance is always positive and the angle is
measured from the positive X axis.
For example, typing @4<45 tells AutoCAD to locate a point that is four units
away from the current location and at an angle of 45 degrees from the horizontal.

Polar method

MGIT DEPT OF MCT - CADCAM LAB – I/IV B.Tech MCT - I SEM

 MAHATMA GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

AUTOCAD COMMANDS

LINE

Line command allows you to create a line where the end points are specified by two
dimensional or three dimensional coordinates.
POLYLINE
PLINE command allows you to draw line and arc segments, but from start to
end, it is treated as a sing object. With PLINE command, you can draw objects even
with line width.
ARC
The ARC command allows you to create an arc segment. There are different
methods of creating an arc. The different methods of creating an arc are:
➢ 3 Points
➢ Centre, Start, Radius
➢ Start, Centre, End
➢ Start, Centre, Angle
➢ Start, Centre, Length
➢ Start, End, Angle
➢ Start, End, Direction
➢ Start, End, Radius
CIRCLE
The CIRCLE command allows you to create a circle. There are four different
methods for drawing circles. They are:
➢ Centre
➢ Radius/Centre,
➢ Diameter
➢ 3 Points (3P)
➢ 2 Points (2P)
➢ Tangent, Tangent, Radius
POLYGON
Polygon command creates a regular polygon. You must specify the number of
sides of the polygon and whether it is Inscribed or Circumscribed polygon. Now,
specify the centre and radius of the polygon circle.

MGIT DEPT OF MCT - CADCAM LAB – I/IV B.Tech MCT - I SEM

 MAHATMA GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

OSNAP

Osnap allow you to snap onto a specific object location when you are picking a
point. For example, using Osnap you can accurately pick the end point of a line or the
center of a circle.
ERASE
This command is used for deleting unwanted objects. You must select the object to be
erased.
COPY
The copy command is used for making copies of selected objects. The object to be
copied must be selected and the base point must be specified and the copy can be
dragged and placed at the required position.
MOVE
This command is used for moving selected objects. The object to be moved
must be selected and its base point must be specified then we can drag it to the
required location

ROTATE
This command is used for rotating selected objects. To rotate an object, first
select it and specify a base point. Now enter an angle value or specify a second point to
rotate the object.
Entering a positive angle value rotates the objects counterclockwise or
clockwise, depending on the Direction Control setting and Drawing Units dialog box.
The plane of rotation and the direction of the zero angles depend on the orientation of
the user coordinate system.

MIRROR
The MIRROR command is used for creating mirror images of selected objects.
You must first select the object to be mirrored and then specify the axis along which it
is mirrored, to create an mirror image of the selected object. This is a very useful
command for drawing symmetrical objects about a particular axis.

MGIT DEPT OF MCT - CADCAM LAB – I/IV B.Tech MCT - I SEM

 MAHATMA GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

OFFSET
Offset an object to create a new object whose shape parallels the shape of the
original object. Offsetting a circle or an arc creates a larger or smaller circle or arc,
depending on which side you specify for the offset.

POLAR ARRAY

This command creates an array of the selected object around a centre point. You
must specify the centre point of the array, the total number of items and the angle to
fill for creating a polar array.
RECTANGULAR ARRAY
This command creates an array of the selected objects defined by the number of
rows and columns and the offset between them.
EXTEND
The EXTEND command elongates the selected objects to a specified boundary.
TRIM
The TRIM command trims off an object using cutting edges defined by other objects.
Here the user is required to select object(s) to define cutting edge(s) then select the
object to be trimmed; the selected side of the object is removed based on the side of
selection of the object to be trimmed relative to the cutting edge.
BREAK
The BREAK command is used to remove only parts of an object. You must
specify the first and second points between which the object must be deleted.
FILLET
FILLET rounds of the edges of two arcs, circles, elliptical arcs, lines, polylines,
rays, splines or xlines with an arc of a specified radius. Rounds along the edges cannot
be created with zero radius.
CHAMFER
CHAMFER command draws a line at the corner between two selected lines. If
the lines do not intersect, it extends the lines. If they intersect, the lines extending
beyond the chamfer line can be trimmed or left as it is, by the trim mode.

MGIT DEPT OF MCT - CADCAM LAB – I/IV B.Tech MCT - I SEM

 MAHATMA GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

LENGTHEN
The LENGTHEN command is used to increase/decrease the length of AutoCAD
objects.
DIVIDE
This command places evenly spaced point objects or blocks along the length or
perimeter of an object. You can select only one entity at a time to be divided. The
entities that can be selected are: line, arc, circle, polyline and spline.

ZOOM ALL
This zoom to display the entire drawing in the current viewport. The display
shows all the entities even if the drawing extends outside the drawing limits.
ZOOM WINDOW
ZOOM WINDOW commands to display an area specified by two diagonally
opposite corner points of a rectangle window.
ZOOM EXTENTS
This zoom to display the drawing extents. If the drawings are small in the
existing limits, then there is an enlarging effect on the screen. If the drawing occupies
the complete area of the limits, then there are many not being much difference between
ZOOM ALL and ZOOM EXTENTS.
DIMLINEAR
This command specifies the linear distance between two selected points.
DIMALIGNED
This command is used for specifying the linear distance (exact dimensional
value) between two points which are inclined at an angle.
DIMANGULAR
This command is used for obtaining the angle two selected points. The three types
are:
1) Arc Selection
2) Circle Selection
3) Line Selection
4) Three Point Selection

MGIT DEPT OF MCT - CADCAM LAB – I/IV B.Tech MCT - I SEM

 MAHATMA GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

DIMRADIUS
This command gives the value of radius of the specified circle, arc or fillet.
A radial dimension consists of a radius dimension line with an arrowhead at the arc
or circle end.

DIMCENTER
This command marks the centre point of the selected arc or circle. The
center mark cannot be updated, so set the required style before executing this
command.
LINETYPE
LINETYPE greatly improves the readability of technical drawings. You can
make important features stand out with bold line weights.

LAYER
Layer is an organizing tool. Layers are like one, where you can keep various
types of information. It’s always a good idea to keep notes and reference symbols
about each element of the drawing as well as drawing dimensions on a new layer.
DISTANCE
This command lists the distance between the selected points and also lists out
the angle in current plane and 3D angle from the current plane, based on the
direction of picking the two points. It also lists the projected lengths on the three
axes called the delta length.
TEXT
TEXT command creates text objects with specified height and orientation.
Text objects can be created with a variety of character patterns call style. This
command allows you to type a single line or multiple lines of text.
MTEXT
MTEXT creates paragraph that fit within a nonprinting text boundary. The
user specified text boundary determines the width of the paragraph and the
justification of the text within the paragraph. Each multiline text object is a single
object, regardless of the number of lines it contains.

MGIT DEPT OF MCT - CADCAM LAB – I/IV B.Tech MCT - I SEM

 MAHATMA GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

HATCH
Hatches are shaded pattern which generally represent cross-section of a
mechanical component. Using BHATCH command the required area, type of hatch,
hatch angle and scale can be specified.
PROPERTIES
The PROPERTIES command displays the Properties palette. The Properties
palette is the main method for viewing and modifying the properties of AutoCAD
objects.

VPORTS
Viewports are areas that display different views of your model. As you work
on the Model tab, you can split the drawing area into one or more adjacent
rectangular views known as model space viewports. In large or complex drawings,
displaying different views reduces the time needed to zoom or pan in a single view.
Also, errors you might miss in one view may be apparent in the others.

EXTRUDE
Solids can be created by extruding selected objects. Use the EXTRUDE
command to create a solid or surface from a common profile of an object.

REVOLVE
REVOLVE command can create a solid or surface by revolving open or
closed objects about an axis. The revolved objects define the profile of the solid or
surface.
PYRAMID
This command can create a solid pyramid. The number of sides for a pyramid,
from 3 to 32, can be defined. The axis endpoint defines the length and orientation
of the pyramid.

CREATE LAYOUTS
A layout stimulates a sheet of paper and provides a predictable plotting setup
for a layout, you can create and position view post objects and you can add a title
block or other objects geometry.

MGIT DEPT OF MCT - CADCAM LAB – I/IV B.Tech MCT - I SEM

 MAHATMA GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

PLOT DRAWINGS
Once you have completed a drawing you can plot the drawing on paper or
create a file for use with another application. In either case, you select the plot
settings.
•To set the limits
Type “limits” in the command window
Set the left corner at 0,0
And the right corner at 297,210 ( A4 size sheet )
•To visualize the limits
Type “rect”
Specify first point or corner 0,0 press enter
Specify other corner 297, 210 press enter
Z press enter
A press enter.
•To display the lineweight
Type “lweight” in the command box
Tick the box adjacent to
“Display Lineweight” set to default ( 0.25)
Status toolbar : It helps to work better and faster. The following are the tool options available in
status tool bar.
I. Show Grid : displays grid in model space
i. Snap to Grid : cursor snaps to grid points
ii. Orthographic : constraints lines to 90deg angles (F8)
II. Polar Snap : constraints lines to other angle increments
i. Object Snap Tracking: It produces tracking lines for specified points on the GUI
ii. objects
III. Object Snap : cursor snaps to geometric points on objects
IV. Grid (F3) : Grid is a rectangular pattern of lines over the drawing area.
i. Using the grid is similar to placing a sheet of grid paper under a drawing.
ii. The grid helps you align and visualize the distance between objects.
V. Ortho (F8) : By using a pointing device.

MGIT DEPT OF MCT - CADCAM LAB – I/IV B.Tech MCT - I SEM

 MAHATMA GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

In Ortho mode, cursor movement is constrained to the horizontal or vertical direction relative to
the UCS.

Snap / object snap settings : The Object Snaps (O snaps for short) are drawing aids which are
used in conjunction with other commands to help draw accurately.

SHORT KEYS IN AUTOCAD SOFTWARE

Shortcut Key Description

ALT+F4 Closes the application window

ALT+F8 Displays the Macros dialog box (AutoCAD only)

ALT+F11 Displays the Visual Basic Editor (AutoCAD only)

CTRL+F2 Displays the Text window

CTRL+F4 Closes the current drawing

CTRL+F6 Moves to the next file tab

CTRL+0 Toggles Clean Screen

CTRL+1 Toggles Properties palette

CTRL+2 Toggles DesignCenter

CTRL+3 Toggles the Tool Palettes window

CTRL+4 Toggles Sheet Set Manager

CTRL+6 Toggles dbConnect Manager (AutoCAD only)

CTRL+7 Toggles Markup Set Manager

CTRL+8 Toggles the QuickCalc palette

MGIT DEPT OF MCT - CADCAM LAB – I/IV B.Tech MCT - I SEM

 MAHATMA GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Shortcut Key Description

CTRL+9 Toggles the Command Line window

CTRL+A Selects all the objects in drawing that are not locked or frozen

CTRL+SHIFT+A Toggles Groups

CTRL+B Toggles Snap

CTRL+C Copies objects to the Windows Clipboard

CTRL+SHIFT+C Copies objects to the Windows Clipboard with Base Point

CTRL+D Toggles Dynamic UCS (AutoCAD only)

CTRL+E Cycles through isometric planes

CTRL+SHIFT+E Enables the use of implied faces and allow for the extrusion of a selected face

CTRL+F Toggles running object snaps

CTRL+G Toggles grid display mode

CTRL+H Toggles PICKSTYLE

CTRL+SHIFT+H Toggles the display of palettes with HIDEPALETTES and SHOWPALETTES

CTRL+I Toggles the Coordinates display (AutoCAD only)

CTRL+SHIFT+I Toggles Infer Constraints (AutoCAD only)

CTRL+J Repeats last command

CTRL+K Inserts a hyperlink

CTRL+L Toggles Ortho mode

CTRL+SHIFT+L Selects the previously selected objects

CTRL+M Repeats last command

MGIT DEPT OF MCT - CADCAM LAB – I/IV B.Tech MCT - I SEM

 MAHATMA GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Shortcut Key Description

CTRL+N Creates a new drawing

CTRL+O Opens an existing drawing

CTRL+P Plots the current drawing

CTRL+SHIFT+P Toggles the Quick Properties interface

CTRL+Q Quits the application

CTRL+R Cycles through the tiled viewports on the Model tab or the floating viewports on the
current named layout

CTRL+S Saves the current drawing

CTRL+SHIFT+S Displays the Save As dialog box

CTRL+T Toggles Tablet mode

CTRL+U Toggles Polar Tracking

CTRL+V Pastes data from the Windows Clipboard

CTRL+SHIFT+V Pastes data from the Windows Clipboard as a Block

CTRL+W Toggles selection cycling

CTRL+X Cuts objects from the current drawing to the Windows Clipboard

CTRL+Y Cancels the preceding Undo action

CTRL+SHIFT+Y Toggles 3D Object Snap mode (AutoCAD only)

CTRL+Z Reverses the last action

CTRL+[ Cancels current command

CTRL+\ Cancels current command

CTRL+HOME Moves focus to the Start tab

MGIT DEPT OF MCT - CADCAM LAB – I/IV B.Tech MCT - I SEM

 MAHATMA GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Shortcut Key Description

CTRL+PAGE UP Moves to the previous layout

CTRL+PAGE Moves to the next layout tab

DOWN

CTRL+TAB Moves to the next file tab

F1 Displays Help

F2 Expands the Command Line history when the Command Line window is floating, or
displays the Text window when the Command Line window is docked

F3 Toggles OSNAP

F4 Toggles 3DOSNAP (AutoCAD only) or Toggles TABMODE (AutoCAD LT only)

F5 Toggles ISOPLANE

F6 Toggles UCSDETECT (AutoCAD only)

F7 Toggles GRIDMODE

F8 Toggles ORTHOMODE

F9 Toggles SNAPMODE

F10 Toggles Polar Tracking

F11 Toggles Object Snap Tracking

F12 Toggles Dynamic Input

Shift+F1 Subobject selection is not filtered (AutoCAD only)

Shift+F2 Subobject selection is limited to vertices (AutoCAD only)

Shift+F3 Subobject selection is limited to edges (AutoCAD only)

Shift+F4 Subobject selection is limited to faces (AutoCAD only)

MGIT DEPT OF MCT - CADCAM LAB – I/IV B.Tech MCT - I SEM

 MAHATMA GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Shortcut Key Description

Shift+F5 Subobject selection is limited to the solid history of an object (AutoCAD only)

F1 Display Help

F2 Toggle text screen

F3 Toggle object snap mode

F4 Toggle 3DOsnap

F5 Toggle Isoplane

F6 Toggle Dynamic UCS

F7 Toggle grid mode

F8 Toggle ortho mode

F9 Toggle snap mode

F10 Toggle polar mode

F11 Toggle object snap tracking

F12 Toggle dynamic input mode

Manage Workflow

Copy
Ctrl+C
object

MGIT DEPT OF MCT - CADCAM LAB – I/IV B.Tech MCT - I SEM

 MAHATMA GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Ctrl+X Cut object

Paste
Ctrl+V
object

Copy to
clipboard
Ctrl+Shift+C
with base
point

Paste
Ctrl+Shift+V data as
block

Undo last
Ctrl+Z
action

Redo last
Ctrl+Y
action

Cancel
current
Ctrl+[
command
(or ctrl+\)

Cancel
ESC current
command

A, B, C

A ARC / Creates an arc

ADC ADCENTER / Manages and inserts content such as blocks, xrefs, and hatch patterns

MGIT DEPT OF MCT - CADCAM LAB – I/IV B.Tech MCT - I SEM

 MAHATMA GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

AA AREA / Calculates the area and perimeter of objects or of defined areas

AL ALIGN / Aligns objects with other objects in 2D and 3D

AP APPLOAD / Load Application

AR ARRAY / Creates multiple copies of objects in a pattern

ARR ACTRECORD / Starts the Action Recorder

ARM ACTUSERMESSAGE / Inserts a user message into an action macro

ARU ACTUSERINPUT / Pauses for user input in an action macro

ACTSTOP / Stops the Action Recorder and provides the option of saving the
ARS
recorded actions to an action macro file

ATI ATTIPEDIT / Changes the textual content of an attribute within a block

ATT ATTDEF / Redefines a block and updates associated attributes

ATE ATTEDIT / Changes attribute information in a block

B BLOCK / Creates a block definition from selected objects

BC BCLOSE / Closes the Block Editor

BE BEDIT / Opens the block definition in the Block Editor

BH HATCH / Fills an enclosed area or selected objects with a hatch pattern, solid fill, or gradient fill

MGIT DEPT OF MCT - CADCAM LAB – I/IV B.Tech MCT - I SEM

 MAHATMA GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

C CIRCLE / Creates a circle

BO BOUNDARY / Creates a region or a polyline from an enclosed area

BR BREAK / Breaks the selected object between two points

BS BSAVE / Saves the current block definition

BVS BVSTATE / Creates, sets, or deletes a visibility state in a dynamic block

MGIT DEPT OF MCT - CADCAM LAB – I/IV B.Tech MCT - I SEM

 MAHATMA GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

CAMERA / Sets a camera and target location to create and save a 3D

CAM
perspective view of objects

CONSTRAINTBAR / A toolbar-like UI element that displays the available

CBAR
geometric constraints on an object

CH PROPERTIES / Controls properties of existing objects

CHA CHAMFER / Bevels the edges of objects

CHK CHECKSTANDARDS / Checks the current drawing for standards violations

CLI COMMANDLINE / Displays the Command Line window

COL COLOR / Sets the color for new objects

CO COPY / Copies objects a specified distance in a specified direction

CT CTABLESTYLE / Sets the name of the current table style

NAVVCUBE / Controls the visibility and display properties of the

CUBE
ViewCube tool

CYL CYLINDER / Creates a 3D solid cylinder

D, E, F

D DIMSTYLE / Creates and modifies dimension styles

DAN DIMANGULAR / Creates an angular dimension

DAR DIMARC / Creates an arc length dimension

MGIT DEPT OF MCT - CADCAM LAB – I/IV B.Tech MCT - I SEM

 MAHATMA GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

DIMBASELINE / Creates a linear, angular, or ordinate dimension from the baseline of the
DBA
previous or selected dimension

DBC DBCONNECT / Provides an interface to external database tables

DCE DIMCENTER / Creates the center mark or the centerlines of circles and arcs

DIMCONTINUE / Creates a dimension that starts from an extension line of a previously

DCO
created dimension

DIMCONSTRAINT / Applies dimensional constraints to selected objects or points on

DCON
objects

DDA DIMDISASSOCIATE / Removes associativity from selected dimensions

DDI DIMDIAMETER / Creates a diameter dimension for a circle or an arc

DED DIMEDIT / Edits dimension text and extension lines

DI DIST / Measures the distance and angle between two points

DIVIDE / Creates evenly spaced point objects or blocks along the length or perimeter of
DIV
an object

DJL DIMJOGLINE / Adds or removes a jog line on a linear or aligned dimension

DJO DIMJOGGED / Creates jogged dimensions for circles and arcs

DL DATALINK / The Data Link dialog box is displayed

DLU DATALINKUPDATE / Updates data to or from an established external data link

DO DONUT / Creates a filled circle or a wide ring

MGIT DEPT OF MCT - CADCAM LAB – I/IV B.Tech MCT - I SEM

 MAHATMA GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

DOR DIMORDINATE / Creates ordinate dimensions

DOV DIMOVERRIDE / Controls overrides of system variables used in selected dimensions

DR DRAWORDER / Changes the draw order of images and other objects

DRA DIMRADIUS / Creates a radius dimension for a circle or an arc

DIMREASSOCIATE / Associates or re-associates selected dimensions to objects or points

DRE
on objects

DRAWINGRECOVERY / Displays a list of drawing files that can be recovered after a

DRM
program or system failure

DSETTINGS / Sets grid and snap, polar and object snap tracking, object snap modes,
DS
Dynamic Input, and Quick Properties

DT TEXT / Creates a single-line text object

DV DVIEW / Defines parallel projection or perspective views by using a camera and target

DATAEXTRACTION / Extracts drawing data and merges data from an external source to a
DX
data extraction table or external file

E ERASE / Removes objects from a drawing

DDEDIT / Edits single-line text, dimension text, attribute definitions, and feature
ED
control frames

EL ELLIPSE / Creates an ellipse or an elliptical arc

EPDF EXPORTPDF / Exports drawing to PDF

MGIT DEPT OF MCT - CADCAM LAB – I/IV B.Tech MCT - I SEM

G MAHATMA
GROUP / CreatesGANDHI INSTITUTE
and manages saved sets of OF TECHNOLOGY
objects called groups

GEOCONSTRAINT / Applies or persists geometric relationships between objects or

GCON
points on objects

GD GRADIENT / Fills an enclosed area or selected objects with a gradient fill

GEOGRAPHICLOCATION / Specifies the geographic location information for a drawing

GEO
file

ER EXTERNALREFERENCES / Opens the External References palette

EX EXTEND / Extends objects to meet the edges of other objects

EXIT QUIT / Exits the program

EXP EXPORT / Saves the objects in a drawing to a different file format

EXT EXTRUDE / Extends the dimensions of a 2D object or 3D face into 3D space

F FILLET / Rounds and fillets the edges of objects

FILTER / Creates a list of requirements that an object must meet to be included in a

FI
selection set

FS FSMODE / Creates a selection set of all objects that touch the selected object

FSHOT FLATSHOT / Creates a 2D representation of all 3D objects based on the current view

G, H, I

HATCH / Fills an enclosed area or selected objects with a hatch pattern, solid
H
fill, or gradient fill

MGIT DEPT OF MCT - CADCAM LAB – I/IV B.Tech MCT - I SEM

 MAHATMA GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

HE HATCHEDIT / Modifies an existing hatch or fill

HI HIDE / Regenerates a 3D wireframe model with hidden lines suppressed

I INSERT / Inserts a block or drawing into the current drawing

IMAGEADJUST / Controls the image display of the brightness, contrast, and

IAD
fade values of images

IAT IMAGEATTACH / Inserts a reference to an image file

ICL IMAGECLIP / Crops the display of a selected image to a specified boundary

ID ID / Displays the UCS coordinate values of a specified location

IM IMAGE / Displays the External References palette

IMP IMPORT / Imports files of different formats into the current drawing

INTERSECT / Creates a 3D solid, surface, or 2D region from overlapping

IN
solids, surfaces, or regions

INTERFERE / Creates a temporary 3D solid from the interferences between

INF
two sets of selected 3D solids

IO INSERTOBJ / Inserts a linked or embedded object

J, K, L

JOIN / Joins similar objects to form a

J
single, unbroken object

MGIT DEPT OF MCT - CADCAM LAB – I/IV B.Tech MCT - I SEM

 MAHATMA GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

DIMJOGGED / Creates jogged

JOG
dimensions for circles and arcs

L LINE / Creates straight line segments

LA LAYER / Manages layers and layer properties

LAS LAYERSTATE / Saves, restores, and manages named layer states

LE QLEADER / Creates a leader and leader annotation

LEN LENGTHEN / Changes the length of objects and the included angle of arcs

MESHSMOOTHLESS / Decreases the level of smoothness for mesh objects

LESS
by one level

LI LIST / Displays property data for selected objects

LO LAYOUT / Creates and modifies drawing layout tabs

LT LINETYPE / Loads, sets, and modifies linetypes

LTS LTSCALE / Changes the scale factor of linetypes for all objects in a drawing

LWEIGHT / Sets the current lineweight, lineweight display options, and

LW
lineweight units

M, N, O

M MOVE / Moves objects a specified distance in a specified direction

MGIT DEPT OF MCT - CADCAM LAB – I/IV B.Tech MCT - I SEM

 MAHATMA GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

MA MATCHPROP / Applies the properties of a selected object to other objects

MAT MATERIALS / Shows or hides the Materials window

ME MEASURE / Joins similar objects to form a single, unbroken object

MEASUREGEOM / Measures the distance, radius, angle, area, and volume of

MEA
selected objects or sequence of points

MI MIRROR / Creates a mirrored copy of selected objects

ML MLINE / Creates multiple parallel lines

MLA MLEADERALIGN / Aligns and spaces selected multileader objects

MLEADERCOLLECT / Organizes selected multileaders that contain blocks into

MLC
rows or columns, and displays the result with a single leader

MLD MLEADER / Creates a multileader object

MLEADEREDIT / Adds leader lines to, or removes leader lines from, a

MLE
multileader object

MLS MLEADERSTYLE / Creates and modifies multileader styles

MO PROPERTIES / Controls properties of existing objects

MESHSMOOTHMORE / Increases the level of smoothness for mesh objects

MORE
by one level

MS MSPACE / Switches from paper space to a model space viewport

MSM MARKUP / Opens the Markup Set Manager

MGIT DEPT OF MCT - CADCAM LAB – I/IV B.Tech MCT - I SEM

 MAHATMA GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

MT MTEXT / Creates a multiline text object

MV MVIEW / Creates and controls layout viewports

GEOGRAPHICLOCATION / Specifies the geographic location

NORTH
information for a drawing file

NEWSHOT / Creates a named view with motion that is played back when
NSHOT
viewed with ShowMotion

NVIEW NEWVIEW / Creates a named view with no motion

OFFSET / Creates concentric circles, parallel lines, and parallel

O
curves

OBJECTSEL
ECTION OPTIONS / Customizes the program settings
LIMIT

SURFOFFSET/ Creates a parallel surface or solid by setting an

OFFSETSRF
offset distance from a surface

OP OPTIONS / Customizes the program settings

OPENPROJ SURFOFFSET / Creates a parallel surface or solid by setting an

ECT offset distance from a surface

3DORBIT / Rotates the view in 3D space, but constrained to

ORBIT
horizontal and vertical orbit only

OS OSNAP / Sets running object snap modes

MGIT DEPT OF MCT - CADCAM LAB – I/IV B.Tech MCT - I SEM

 MAHATMA GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
P, Q, R

P PAN / Adds a parameter with grips to a dynamic block definition

PASTESPEC / Pastes objects from the Clipboard into the current drawing and
PA
controls the format of the data

PAR PARAMETERS / Controls the associative parameters used in the drawing

PARAM BPARAMETER / Adds a parameter with grips to a dynamic block definition

SURFPATCH / Creates a new surface by fitting a cap over a surface edge that
PATCH
forms a closed loop

PC POINTCLOUD / Provides options to create and attach point cloud files

POINTCLOUDATTACH / Inserts an indexed point cloud file into the current

PCATTACH
drawing

POINTCLOUDINDEX / Creates an indexed point cloud (PCG or ISD) file from a

PCINDEX
scan file

PE PEDIT / Edits polylines and 3D polygon meshes

PL PLINE / Creates a 2D polyline

PO POINT / Creates a point object

POFF HIDEPALETTES / Hides currently displayed palettes (including the command line)

POL POLYGON / Creates an equilateral closed polyline

PON SHOWPALETTES / Restores the display of hidden palettes

MGIT DEPT OF MCT - CADCAM LAB – I/IV B.Tech MCT - I SEM

 MAHATMA GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

PR PROPERTIES / Displays Properties palette

PRE PREVIEW / Displays the drawing as it will be plotted

PRINT PLOT / Plots a drawing to a plotter, printer, or file

PS PSPACE / Switches from a model space viewport to paper space

PSOLID POLYSOLID / Creates a 3D wall-like polysolid

PTW PUBLISHTOWEB / Creates HTML pages that include images of selected drawings

PURGE / Removes unused items, such as block definitions and layers, from the
PU
drawing

PYR PYRAMID / Creates a 3D solid pyramid

QC QUICKCALC / Opens the QuickCalc calculator

QUICKCUI / Displays the Customize User

QCUI
Interface Editor in a collapsed state

QUICKPROPERTIES / Displays open drawings

QP
and layouts in a drawing in preview images

QSAVE QSAVE / Saves the current drawing

QVDRAWING / Displays open drawings and

QVD
layouts in a drawing using preview images

QVDRAWINGCLOSE / Closes preview images of

QVDC
open drawings and layouts in a drawing

MGIT DEPT OF MCT - CADCAM LAB – I/IV B.Tech MCT - I SEM

 MAHATMA GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

QVLAYOUT / Displays preview images of model

QVL
space and layouts in a drawing

QVLAYOUTCLOSE / Closes preview images of

QVLC
model space and layouts in the current drawing

R REDRAW / Refreshes the display in the current viewport

RA REDRAWALL / Refreshes the display in all viewports

RENDERCROP / Renders a specified rectangular area, called a crop window,

RC
within a viewport

RE REGEN / Regenerates the entire drawing from the current viewport

REA REGENALL / Regenerates the drawing and refreshes all viewports

REC RECTANG / Creates a rectangular polyline

REG REGION / Converts an object that encloses an area into a region object

RENAME / Changes the names assigned to items such as layers and dimension
REN
styles

REV REVOLVE / Creates a 3D solid or surface by sweeping a 2D object around an axis

RO ROTATE / Rotates objects around a base point

RENDERPRESETS / Specifies render presets, reusable rendering parameters, for

RP
rendering an image

MGIT DEPT OF MCT - CADCAM LAB – I/IV B.Tech MCT - I SEM

 MAHATMA GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

RPREF / Displays or hides the Advanced Render Settings palette for access to
RPR
advanced rendering settings

RENDER / Creates a photorealistic or realistically shaded image of a 3D solid or

RR
surface model

RENDERWIN / Displays the Render window without starting a rendering

RW
operation

S, T, U

S STRETCH / Stretches objects crossed by a selection window or polygon

SCALE / Enlarges or reduces selected objects, keeping the proportions of the

SC
object the same after scaling

SCR SCALESCRIPT / Executes a sequence of commands from a script file

SECTION / Uses the intersection of a plane and solids, surfaces, or mesh to create
SEC
a region

SET SETVAR / Lists or changes the values of system variables

SHA SHADEMODE / Starts the VSCURRENT command

SL SLICE / Creates new 3D solids and surfaces by slicing, or dividing, existing objects

SN SNAP / Restricts cursor movement to specified intervals

SO SOLID / Creates solid-filled triangles and quadrilaterals

SP SPELL / Checks spelling in a drawing

MGIT DEPT OF MCT - CADCAM LAB – I/IV B.Tech MCT - I SEM

 MAHATMA GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

SPE SPLINEDIT / Edits a spline or spline-fit polyline

SPL SPLINE / Creates a smooth curve that passes through or near specified points

SECTIONPLANE / Creates a section object that acts as a cutting plane through 3D

SPLANE
objects

SPLAY SEQUENCEPLAY / Plays named views in one category

SPLIT MESHSPLIT / Splits a mesh face into two faces

SPE SPLINEDIT / Edits a spline or spline-fit polyline

SSM SHEETSET / Opens the Sheet Set Manager

ST STYLE / Creates, modifies, or specifies text styles

STA STANDARDS / Manages the association of standards files with drawings

SU SUBTRACT / Combines selected 3D solids, surfaces, or 2D regions by subtraction

T MTEXT / Creates a multiline text object

TABLET / Calibrates, configures, and turns on and off an attached digitizing

TA
tablet

TB TABLE / Creates an empty table object

TEDIT TEXTEDIT / Edits a dimensional constraint, dimension, or text object

THICKNESS / Sets the default 3D thickness property when creating 2D geometric

TH
objects

MGIT DEPT OF MCT - CADCAM LAB – I/IV B.Tech MCT - I SEM

 MAHATMA GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

TI TILEMODE / Controls whether paper space can be accessed

TO TOOLBAR / Displays, hides, and customizes toolbars

TOL TOLERANCE / Creates geometric tolerances contained in a feature control frame

TOR TORUS / Creates a donut-shaped 3D solid

TP TOOLPALETTES / Opens the Tool Palettes window

TR TRIM / Trims objects to meet the edges of other objects

TS TABLESTYLE / Creates, modifies, or specifies table styles

UC UCSMAN / Manages defined user coordinate systems.

UN UNITS / Controls coordinate and angle display formats and precision.

UNHIDE / UNISOLATEOBJECTS / Displays objects previously hidden with the

UNISOLATE ISOLATEOBJECTS or HIDEOBJECTS command.

UNI UNION / Unions two solid or two region objects.

V, W, X

V VIEW / Saves and restores named views, camera views, layout views, and preset views.

VGO VIEWGO / Restores a named view.

VP DDVPOINT / Sets the 3D viewing direction.

MGIT DEPT OF MCT - CADCAM LAB – I/IV B.Tech MCT - I SEM

 MAHATMA GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

VPLAY VIEWPLAY / Plays the animation associated to a named view.

VS VSCURRENT / Sets the visual style in the current viewport.

VSM VISUALSTYLES / Creates and modifies visual styles and applies a visual style to a viewport.

W WBLOCK / Writes objects or a block to a new drawing file.

WE WEDGE / Creates a 3D solid wedge.

NAVSWHEEL / Displays a wheel that contains a collection of view

WHEEL
navigation tools.

X EXPLODE / Breaks a compound object into its component objects.

XA XATTACH / Inserts a DWG file as an external reference (xref).

XB XBIND / Binds one or more definitions of named objects in an xref to the current drawing.

XCLIP / Crops the display of a selected external reference or block reference to a specified
XC
boundary.

XL XLINE / Creates a line of infinite length.

XR XREF / Starts the EXTERNALREFERENCES command.

Y-Z

MGIT DEPT OF MCT - CADCAM LAB – I/IV B.Tech MCT - I SEM

 MAHATMA GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

ZOOM / Increases or decreases the magnification of the view

Z
in the current viewport.

ANALYSISZEBRA / Projects stripes onto a 3D model to analyze

ZEBRA
surface continuity.

ETRANSMIT / Creates a Self-Extracting or Zipped Transmittal

ZIP
Package.

MGIT DEPT OF MCT - CADCAM LAB – I/IV B.Tech MCT - I SEM