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7. Preparation of Materials

This document is a revision sheet for IGCSE Design & Technology, specifically focusing on the preparation of materials. It covers market forms, cutting methods, tools suitable for different materials, and the importance of holding devices for safety during cutting and shaping processes. The document also emphasizes the environmental benefits of using commercially available materials and proper techniques to minimize waste.

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10 views4 pages

7. Preparation of Materials

This document is a revision sheet for IGCSE Design & Technology, specifically focusing on the preparation of materials. It covers market forms, cutting methods, tools suitable for different materials, and the importance of holding devices for safety during cutting and shaping processes. The document also emphasizes the environmental benefits of using commercially available materials and proper techniques to minimize waste.

Uploaded by

zvandasaratanatswa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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IGCSE Design & Technology

7P​ reparation of materials


This revision sheet is created by Jolyn Yin

Please note: ​No part of this document may be adapted, reproduced, stored in a retrieval
system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying,
recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission from Jolyn Yin

Contact info: jolynyin@outlook.com or Wechat ID: JolynY

7. Preparation of material
● Market form​ ​describes manufactured standard shapes and size of material available to buy
commercially
○ This reduces project cost, saves time which reduce labour cost and better for the
environment since less waste is produced

● Method of cutting​ takes in consideration of material type, thickness, length, shape and form
to select appropriate tools

1
Cutting Tool Suitable Working Material Uses

Hacksaw All metals ● For straight cuts in


metal. The blade is
held in tension in the
frame with the teeth
facing forward
● Junior hacksaw is for
straight cuts on small,
light work. The blade
is held in tension by
the sprung steel frame.

Guillotine Sheet metals ● Cut straight lines

Tenon saw Wood ● For precise tenon


joints

Coping saw Wood plank ● For curve and straight


line in plastic and
wood. Must be held at
horizontal position and
careful not to break
the blade

Cross-cut saw Cuts wood across grain ● For cross grain cuts,
(perpendicular) produce a straight
edge

2
Panel saw All types of wood and sheets of ● For straight line cuts
plastic (heavy duty work)
● Portable power tools​ are useful outside of the workshop environment (type, shape, material
to cut)
○ Portable circular saws cut straight lines
○ Jigsaw cuts intricate shapes with manufacturer's guidance
● Datum surface​ is a flat surface of a material where all the measurements will be taken
○ For wood it’s wood plane, for plastic and metal are flat hand files
○ Surface level can be checked with steel rule or surface plate with scribbling block
or caliper
○ Two perpendicular datum can be checked by using try square and are known as
face side and face edge
● Holding devices​ provides a safe way of securing material in process of shaping, cutting and
forming which is selected depending on the process employed, material size, shape and
type
○ Unsecured or incorrectly secured material can damage equipment, material and
injure people
○ Thin pieces of wood can be layered before the clamp to protect the material from
dents

Holding Device Description Uses

G-clamp ● Essential to the workshop ● Used for securing


pieces, sheet material

F-clamp ● Available in many sizes ● Used for securing


work and holding parts
together when drying
glued pieces

Sash Clamp ● Used for fastening or


hold large panel tightly
to prevent movement
or separation

Woodworking ● Attached to workbench ● Used for cutting and


Bench ● Metal jaw and wood matter to shaping material on
prevent marring workbench (steady to
it)

Engineer’s vice ● Made from metal ● Used for securing


● Jaw are diamond teeth metal

3
Machine vice ● Mounted on drilling press, ● Used as low cost
grinding machines replacement of other
● Used by hobbyist for low cost vice
and small size

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