Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Regional Office IX, Zamboanga
Peninsula
Division of Zamboanga del Sur
Aurora East District
Aurora National High School
Aurora, Zamboanga del Sur

11
Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction
Quarter 3 Worksheet 3
Effects of Disaster

Science Technology
Engineering and Mathematics

Name of Learner: ___________________________

Grade & Section: ___________________________
Name of School: ___________________________
 Workshee DISASTER READINESS & RISK REDUCTION
t

3 Effects of Disaster
Learning
Competency: (DRR11/12-Ia-b-3)

This Worksheet contains the lesson on the effects of disasters to one’s life

After going through this worksheet, you should be able to:

1. Identify the effects of disasters to one’s life and the society as a whole; and
2. Determine the many ways to mitigate the effects of disasters

The effects of disasters vary, mostly depending on the severity of the exposure of life, property, and the environment
to the
Hazard. Usually, the severity of the effects is higher in the community directly affected by the hazard. Although the
severity becomes lower in nearby communities of the affected community, the effects may still be felt and may be
significant. A natural disaster can bring about many devastating effects. Among these are deaths, destruction of
infrastructures, loss of livelihood and services, and other physical and nonphysical effects. Since we are partly
responsible for the disasters happening around us, we must change some of our ways, to prevent or minimize the
effects of disasters in our lives.

According to measurable severity, the effects of disaster are primary, secondary, or tertiary in nature. Primary effects
are direct situations arising from the disaster itself. When a typhoon hits a village, it can cause primary effects such as
flooding, destruction of houses, damage to property and possible loss of life. A geographical zone can be mapped to
identify areas that are included among the primary effects. Secondary effects are situations resulting from the primary
effects. Among the secondary effects of a strong typhoon that has hit a village is the disruption of electrical and water
services because of the damage of the power and water lines. Tertiary effects are those that are not experienced as a
disaster is taking place but can be felt some time after the disaster has occurred. They may also develop from primary
or secondary effects that have become permanent and may change a natural process in the community. In the ruined
village, flooding is a primary effect that may become tertiary when the location of the village’s river channel changes
because of the flooding, leaving the old channel dry. This, in turn, can give rise to other effects such as lack of water
for crops grown in the village and lack of livelihood due to the destruction of farmland.

Effects of Disaster on Human Life

Displaced Population - One of the most immediate effects of natural disasters is population displacement. When
countries are ravaged by earthquakes or other powerful forces of nature, many people need to abandon their homes
and seek shelter in other regions. A large influx of refugees can disrupt accessibility of health care and education, as
well as food supplies and clean water.
Health Risk - Aside from the obvious immediate danger that natural disasters present, the secondary effect can be
just as damaging. Severe flooding can result in stagnant water that allows breeding of waterborne bacteria and
malaria-carrying mosquitoes. Without emergency relief from international aid organizations and others, death tolls can
rise even after the immediate danger has passed.
Food Scarcity - The aftermath of natural disasters affects the food supplies. Thousands of people around the world
are hungry because of destroyed crops and loss of agricultural supplies, whether it happens suddenly in a storm or
gradually in a drought. As a result, food prices rise reducing families’ purchasing power and increasing the risk of
severe malnutrition or worse. The impacts of hunger following an earthquake, typhoon or hurricane can be
tremendous, causing lifelong damage to children’s development.
Emotional Aftershocks - Natural disasters can be particularly traumatic for young children. Confronted with scenes
of destruction and the deaths of friends and loved ones, many children develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD),
a serious psychological condition resulting from extreme trauma. Left untreated, children suffering from PTSD can be
prone to lasting psychological damage and emotional distress.

Other Affected Components

Buildings and Infrastructure – Homes, buildings, and other infrastructure are important components that are
considered in the aftermath of a disaster. For people who have been affected by a disaster, the re-establishment of
their homes, workplaces, commercial sites, and similar structure is a priority. Buildings that are considered affected by
disasters are those that have been damaged structurally or architecturally, have collapsed, or have been leveled to
the ground and even buried, rendering them inhabitable.
Economy – regardless of the severity of disaster, its effects on the economy of the affected community are felt. An
economy is not a single entity that functions alone. It involves all sectors of society such as business, transportation,
and communication. When disasters hit a community, its economy is among the first to be affected because of the loss
of livelihood, employment, and even tourism opportunities.
Environment- disasters can cause a negative effect on the air, soil, water, and ecosystems in a community. Air
quality is compromised when harmful particulates are released into the air during disasters such as volcanic eruptions,
explosions, and nuclear plant emissions. These particulates include ash, dust, heavy metals, and smoke. They do not
stay suspended but are deposited into the environment and can contaminate the ground, bodes of eater, even human,
animal and plant life.
Erosion is the process by which soil is carried away by wind, water, and other agents. As a natural process, this
happens gradually or over a long period of time. however, disasters such as floods and fires hasten the process.
Disaster affects the water in various aspects, groundwater, in bodies of eater, and in water containers such as
swimming pools and water tanks. That water can be polluted by dust and other particulates, and by decaying organic
matter brought about by the disaster. The degradation of water quality can cause fish kills, death to marine life, and
disease and other health problems in people.
An ecosystem is a complex community involving the interaction of animals, plants, and microorganisms with the
nonliving components of that area. The natural balance of ecosystems is gravely affected by disasters.

Great damage caused by a disaster can be reduced if everyone will take responsibility in anticipating its effects. Here
are some ways on how to plan for a disaster mitigation: 1.) Check for hazards at home. 2.) Identify safe place indoors
and outdoors 3.) Educate yourself and family members 4.) Have Disaster kits/supplies on hand. 5.) Develop an
emergency communication plan. 6.) Help your community get ready. 7.) Practice the Disaster Preparedness Cycle

Plan

Evaluate Organize
and Equip

Exercise Plan

Train

Figure 1

Activity 1. Jumbled Letters.

Direction: Arrange the following jumbled letter to form a word or group of words. After identifying the word, give a
brief description of each word. Each item is equivalent to ten points (10).

1. DEILSCAYSCTSESRENPDREERPA _________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. ESFRFEETCSTASSOIFD __________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Activity 2. Identification.
Direction: Identify the following given question and put your answer on the space provided before the number. Two
points each item.

___________________1. It is not a single entity that functions alone but rather involves all sectors of society.
___________________2. It is a serious psychological condition resulting from a previous traumatic event experienced.
___________________3. These are situations resulting from primary effects of disasters.
___________________4. These are the direct effects of disasters.
___________________5. Situations that are not experienced during the event of a disaster but can be felt after.
___________________6. The aftermath of disasters can result to the shortage of food.
___________________7. A large influx of refugees can disrupt accessibility of health care and education, as well as food
supplies and clean water.
___________________8. The process by which soil is carried away by wind, water, and other agents.
___________________9. It is a complex community involving the interaction of animals, plants, and microorganisms with
the nonliving components of a particular area.
___________________10. Severe flooding can result in stagnant water that allows breeding of waterborne bacteria and
malaria-carrying mosquitoes.

Activity 3. Tell Me More!

Direction. Give a brief explanation of the following given questions. Five points each item.

1. How do disasters affect people and the environment?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. How does the economy of a community is being affected by disasters?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Activity 4. How Prepared Am I?
Direction. Make your own disaster preparedness cycle plan using the model in figure 1. Use a separate paper for this
activity. (20 points).

Activity 5. Multiple Choice.

Direction. Encircle the letter of the best answer. 1 point each.

1. What is Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)?

a. Congenital condition b. Neonatal condition
c. Pre-existing condition d. Psychological condition
2. What is the collective term used for the condition of people who develop stress reaction that negatively
affect their physical and mental behavior after suffering from a disaster?
a. displaced population b. emotional aftershock
c. food scarcity d. health risk
3. What do you call the effect of a disaster that causes a group of people forced to leave their homes?
a. displaced population b. emotional aftershock
c. food scarcity d. health risk
4. Which among the following is NOT an effect of a disaster?
a. displaced population b. emotional aftershock
c. food scarcity d. health risk
5. What effect of disaster refers to the shortage of sustenance among people?
a. displaced population b. emotional aftershock
c. food scarcity d. health risk
6. What is the term used referring to damaging incident that happened unexpectedly in a certain society and
caused harm to people and their properties?
a. disaster b. hazard
c. politicking d. terrorism
7. COVID19 has caused millions of diseased people and thousands of deaths all over the world. How are you
going to name the damaging event?
a. disaster b. hazard
c. politicking d. terrorism
8. How are you going to call a dangerous condition that carries human threat?
a. disaster b. hazard
c. politicking d. terrorism
9. A strong typhoon hit an uninhabited area in the mountainous Sierra Madre region. What are you going to
name the damaging event?
a. disaster b. hazard
c. politicking d. terrorism
10. What is it that disasters bring to humans?
a. devastation b. excitement
c. fame d. power

-Sir Jeff-