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Architectural Design For Ubicom Lec5

The document outlines the Smart DEI model for UbiCom systems, which includes Smart Devices, Smart Environments, and Smart Interactions. It details the characteristics and examples of various types of smart devices, their mobility classifications, and the challenges associated with service access and resource constraints. The document emphasizes the importance of context-awareness and user goals in optimizing interactions between devices and environments.

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19 views13 pages

Architectural Design For Ubicom Lec5

The document outlines the Smart DEI model for UbiCom systems, which includes Smart Devices, Smart Environments, and Smart Interactions. It details the characteristics and examples of various types of smart devices, their mobility classifications, and the challenges associated with service access and resource constraints. The document emphasizes the importance of context-awareness and user goals in optimizing interactions between devices and environments.

Uploaded by

21ec23
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Architectural Design for UbiCom

Systems: Smart DEI Model


Smart DEI
D -- smart Device
E – smart Environment
I -- smart Interaction

1.Smart Device
1.Manually activated by owners.
2.Less context-aware of the physical environment
3.Focus on interaction within a virtual (computer) world.
4.Often require direct access to external services.
5.Ex: Smartphones,Smart Speakers, Smart Tvs
2. Smart Environment
1. consist of devices such as sensors, controller and
computers that are embedded in or operate in the physical
environment
2. Highly context-aware of the physical environment for
specific tasks.
3. Aware of user activities and can operate autonomously.
4. Capable of sensing and modeling the physical world for
tasks like obstacle avoidance
3.Smart Interactions
1. Focuses on complex interaction models between software
services and hardware resources.
2.Less emphasis on physical context-awareness, more on user
contexts and goals.
3.Utilizes distributed artificial intelligence and multi-agent
system behaviors.
4.Examples:- include optimizing lighting in a building or
minimizing overall energy consumption.
Smart Devices
Basic properties of smart Device
•Versatile Functions: Smart devices, such as computers and
phones, perform various tasks.
•Internet Connectivity: They connect to the internet and run
different applications.
•Personal Ownership: Typically owned by one person.
•Portability: Designed to be carried around easily.
•Autonomy: Can discover new services independently.
•Limited Resources: Have constraints like memory and
processing power.
•Multi-tasking: Capable of handling multiple tasks
simultaneously.
Weiser's ICT Device Forms / Smart Device forms
1. Tabs:
∙ Small wearable devices or trackers.
∙ Examples: Fitness trackers like Fitbit, GPS trackers for pets,
RFID tags for inventory management.
2. Pads:
∙ Handheld devices with screens.
∙ Examples: Smartphones, tablets like iPads, e-readers.
3. Boards:
∙ Large displays for group interaction.
Examples: Interactive whiteboards in classrooms, digital signage in
airports, collaborative workstations.
Extended ICT Device Forms
1. Smart Dust:
∙ Tiny sensors without visual displays.
∙ Examples: Accelerometers in smartphones for screen rotation, sensors in
smart thermostats for temperature control.
2. Smart Skins:
∙ Surfaces with light-emitting and conductive polymers.
∙ Examples: LED clothing for fashion or performances, touch-sensitive
surfaces in car interiors.
3. Smart Clay:
∙ Miniaturized devices forming three-dimensional shapes.
∙ Examples: 3D-printed objects with embedded sensors for monitoring
structural integrity, prosthetic limbs with embedded sensors for movement
detection.
i) Mobility: Types of Mobile Devices
1. Accompanied Devices:
∙ These are portable devices that are not worn or implanted.
∙ Examples: Portable gaming consoles, tablets carried in backpacks.
2. Portable Devices:
∙ Designed for two-handed operation while seated, such as laptops.
∙ These usually have higher resource capabilities.
∙ Example: Laptop computers used for work or entertainment.
3. Hand-held Devices:
∙ Operated with one hand or occasionally hands-free.
∙ Combine multiple functions like communication, audio-video recording, and
mobile office tasks.
∙ Examples: Smartphones, handheld gaming devices.
4. Wearable Devices:
∙ Worn as accessories or jewellery, operated hands-free, and function
autonomously.
∙ Examples: Smartwatches acting as personal information managers,
earpieces for audio communication, smart glasses with visual display
capabilities.

5. Implanted or Embedded Devices:


∙ Used for medical purposes to enhance human functions, like pacemakers.
∙ Can augment abilities of physically and mentally able individuals.
∙ Examples: Heart pacemakers, neural implants for restoring motor functions.
1. Wireless Connectivity:
ii) Volatile Service Access
∙ Mobile devices primarily use wireless networks for connectivity.
∙ They can connect to different types of networks, like Wi-Fi or cellular, but these
connections may not always be available.
2. Intermittent Service Access:
∙ Mobile devices may have irregular access to services due to factors like limited resources.
e.g., low battery or fluctuating network availability.
3. Service Discovery:
∙ Mobile devices can dynamically find available services and adapt to changes in the service
environment.
∙ They can detect nearby networks and decide whether to connect locally or remotely based
on factors like cost and availability.
4. Asymmetric Remote Access:
∙ Mobile devices often download more data than they upload due to limited local resources.
∙ For instance, transmitting data consumes more power than receiving it, leading to more
received calls than sent ones.
iii) Situated and Self-Aware
1. Contextual Filtering:
∙ Smart devices use various contexts, like location or surroundings, to filter information and
access services.
∙ For example, a smartphone may focus on local maps and services such as nearby
restaurants or hotels.
2. Home Location and Mobility:
∙ Mobile devices often have a reference location, called a home location
∙ During travel, mobile devices typically reference a route from the starting point to the
destination.
3 . Resource Constraints:
∙ Mobile devices have limited hardware and software resources like power, screen size,
CPU, and memory.
∙ Services must be aware of these limitations to optimize resource utilization.
∙ e.g. receiving content in a format that cannot be played.

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