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Lecture 1 Introduction

The document provides an overview of wireless computer networks, including their history, types, and characteristics. It discusses various wireless technologies such as Wireless PAN, LAN, WAN, and broadband, highlighting their advantages and limitations. Additionally, it covers applications of wireless LANs and factors to consider when implementing them.

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16 views29 pages

Lecture 1 Introduction

The document provides an overview of wireless computer networks, including their history, types, and characteristics. It discusses various wireless technologies such as Wireless PAN, LAN, WAN, and broadband, highlighting their advantages and limitations. Additionally, it covers applications of wireless LANs and factors to consider when implementing them.

Uploaded by

az711az619az
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Wireless Computer Networks

Evaluation Method

 30 % Assignments + Projects.
 70% Final Exams
References
INTRODUCTION
TO WIRELESS NETWORKS
Wireless Comes of Age

 Guglielmo Marconi invented the wireless telegraph in


1896
• Communication by encoding alphanumeric characters in
analog signal
• Sent telegraphic signals across the Atlantic Ocean
 Communications satellites launched in 1960s
 Advances in wireless technology
• Radio, television, mobile telephone, communication
satellites
 More recently
• Broadband wireless networking, cellular technology
Broadband Wireless Technology

 Higher data rates obtainable with broadband wireless


technology
• Graphics, video, audio
 Shares same advantages of all wireless services:
convenience and reduced cost
• Service can be deployed faster than fixed service
• No cost of cable plant
• Service is mobile, deployed almost anywhere
Limitations and Difficulties of Wireless
Technologies
 Wireless is convenient and less expensive
 Limitations and political and technical difficulties
inhibit wireless technologies
 Lack of an industry-wide standard
 Device limitations
• E.g., small LCD on a mobile telephone can only
displaying a few lines of text
• E.g., browsers of most mobile wireless devices use
wireless markup language (WML) instead of HTML
A Wireless Network

Definition:
A Group of interconnected nodes that exchange
information and share resources through a
wireless transmission medium
TYPES OF WIRELESS NETWORKS

 Wireless PAN
 Wireless LAN
 Wireless Broadband
 Wireless WAN (satellite , Microwave ,..etc)
 Cellular Networks
Characteristics of Wireless WANs

 Covers large geographical areas


 Circuits provided by a common carrier
 Consists of interconnected switching nodes
 Traditional WANs provide modest capacity
• 64000 bps common
• Business subscribers using T-1 service – 1.544 Mbps
common
 Higher-speed Wireless WANs use satellite , and
10s of Mbps common
Characteristics of Wireless LANs

 Like WAN, Wireless LAN interconnects a variety of


devices and provides a means for information
exchange among them
 Traditional Wireless LANs
• Provide data rates of 1 to 20 Mbps
 High-speed Wireless LANS
• Provide data rates of 100 Mbps
 Standards for Wireless LANS is WI-FI
Characteristics of Wireless LANs

 Used to be a network with high prices, low data


rates, occupational safety concerns, and
licensing requirements
 Problems have been addressed and popularity of
wireless LANs has grown rapidly
Differences between Wireless LANs and
WANs
 Scope of a LAN is smaller
• LAN interconnects devices within a single building or
cluster of buildings
 LAN usually owned by organization that owns the
attached devices
• For WANs, most of network assets are not owned by same
organization
 Internal data rate of LAN is much greater
The Need for Wireless MANs

 Traditional point-to-point and switched network


techniques used in WANs are inadequate for growing
needs of organizations
 Need for high capacity and low costs over large area
 MAN provides:
• Service to customers in metropolitan areas
• Required capacity
• Lower cost and greater efficiency than equivalent service
from telephone company
 Standards for Wireless MANS is WI-MAX
Wireless Standards

 PAN , LAN and MAN standards were defined by


IEEE and Industrial forums
 A LAN standard define media, coding scheme,
frame form at , MAC protocol and other data link
layer protocols :
 Examples of standards :
• Wireless PAN: Bluetooth , IEEE 802.15
• Wireless LAN : IEEE 802.11 (a ,b , g )
• Broadband Wireless Networks : IEEE 803.16
Wireless LAN Configurations

 A wireless LAN uses wireless transmission


medium in a local Area in :
• Single Cell Configuration - Multi-cell Configuration
• Infrastructure Wireless LAN
• - Add Hoc LAN
Single Cell Wireless LAN
Configuration
Multi-Cell Wireless LAN
Configuration
Infrastructure Wireless LAN
Add Hoc LAN
Factors To Consider:
For Wireless LAN
 Same as any LAN
• High capacity, short distances, full connectivity, broadcast capability
 Throughput: efficient use wireless medium
 Number of nodes:Hundreds of nodes across multiple cells
 Connection to backbone LAN: Use control modules to connect
to both types of LANs
 Service area: 100 to 300 m
 Low power consumption:Need long battery life on mobile
stations
• Mustn't require nodes to monitor access points or frequent handshakes
 Transmission robustness and security:Interference prone and
easily eavesdropped
Factors To Consider:
For Wireless LAN
 Collocated network operation:Two or more
wireless LANs in same area
 License-free operation
 Handoff/roaming: Move from one cell to another
 Dynamic configuration: Addition, deletion, and
relocation of end systems without disruption to
users
Wireless LAN Applications

 LAN Extension
 Cross-Building Interconnect
 Nomadic Access
 Ad Hoc Networking
Applications - LAN Extension
 Saves installation of LAN cabling
 Eases relocation and other modifications to network
structure
 Wireless LAN to replace wired LANs has not
happened
 In some environments, role for the wireless LAN
• Buildings with large open areas
• Manufacturing plants, stock exchange trading floors, warehouses
• Historical buildings
• Small offices where wired LANs not economical
 May also have wired LAN
• Servers and stationary workstations
Applications –
Cross-Building Interconnect
 Connect LANs in nearby buildings
 Point-to-point wireless link
 Connect bridges or routers
 Not a LAN per se
• Usual to include this application under heading of
wireless LAN

Applications - Nomadic Access

 Link between LAN hub and mobile data terminal


• Laptop or notepad computer
• Enable employee returning from trip to transfer data
from portable computer to server
 Also useful in extended environment such as
campus or cluster of buildings
• Users move around with portable computers
• May wish access to servers on wired LAN
Applications –
Ad Hoc Networking

 Peer-to-peer network
 Set up temporarily to meet some immediate
need
 E.g. group of employees, each with laptop or
palmtop, in business or classroom meeting
 Network for duration of meeting
THANK YOU

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