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VYDEHI SCHOOL OF EXCELLENCE, WHITEFIELD

SOCIAL SCIENCE PROJECT

TOPIC : ENERGY RESOURCES AND SUSTAINABILITY

YEAR: 2024-25

NAME : Harsh Nakarani​

CLASS/SECTION : 10E

BOARD ROLL NUMBER: __________________

 INTRODUCTION TO THE PROJECT
​
​

Energy resources are the backbone of modern society, powering

everything from transportation to industry, healthcare, and daily
household needs.

However, the unfortunate exhaustible nature of these resources is a

growing concern as the global demand for energy continues to rise.
Understanding the types of energy resources and their impact on the
environment is critical.Exploitation of resources without thinking about
the future can cause major problems for the yet to come generations.

As UNESCO says "Sustainability is often thought of as a long-term goal

(i.e. a more sustainable world), while sustainable development refers to
the many processes and pathways to achieve it."​
The more important part of sustainable development is the steps taken
at the current timings to ensure better futures.

Once a resource is exhausted it is not possible to obtain it back so why

not take steps to make that an impossible event ​
Together human society can build a world of energy efficiency where
energy is used to its fullest and not wasted by a bit.​

As we see the growing number of steps towards sustainable

development has been increasing rapidly now taken not only by the
national powers but even by small companies as most realise the need
of the hour is a path towards sustainability.

So let's support our future generations and be sustainable in every

manner that we can at our individual levels,as they say a sea is made
from drops.
 OBJECTIVES

Sustainable development aims to balance economic growth,

environmental protection, and social well-being to ensure a healthy and
equitable future for current and future generations.

Some of the key objectives of energy resources and sustainability include:

●​ Reducing our reliance on fossil fuels:

Fossil fuels are a major source of pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. By
transitioning to cleaner energy sources, we can help to reduce air pollution and slow
down climate change.

●​ Developing renewable energy sources:

Renewable energy sources, such as solar, wind, and hydro power, are clean and
sustainable. Investing in these technologies can help us to meet our energy needs
without harming the environment.

●​ Improving energy efficiency:

Using energy more efficiently can help us to reduce our overall energy consumption.
This can be done through a variety of methods, such as using energy-efficient
appliances and lighting, and improving the insulation of our homes and businesses.

●​ Ensuring energy security:

A secure and reliable energy supply is essential for economic growth and social
stability. By diversifying our energy sources and investing in energy infrastructure,
we can help to ensure that we have access to the energy we need

●​ .Promoting economic growth:

Strong and sustainable energy resources can help in boosting the economy of the
country.
 ●​ Better public health :

Using better energy resources such as wind, solar, hydro, biogas etc. can help in
reducing pollution which is beneficial for the public, reducing health risks and better
air quality

●​ .Promotion and Preservation of Natural resources :

Using renewable energy resources which are easy to obtain, we can conserve
and balance Earth’s ecosystem while promoting sustainable use of resources
such as water, land and forests.

●​ Providing Employment :

Promotes more employment opportunities which will help in reducing poverty.

●​ Sustainable Cities and Communities :

It helps in development of urban areas which are safe and resilient for humans and
helps in waste management.

●​ Global Partnerships for Development :

Strengthens international cooperation to mobilize resources and share knowledge for
sustainable development.

.
 HISTORY/ BACKGROUND/ DEVELOPMENT

Origins of Sustainable development

●​ The ideas of Sustainable Development arise from the early 17th and 18th century in
Europe for the conservation and sustainable use of Forests which were previously
being exhausted at a rate faster than at what it could recover.

●​ It was after the industrial revolution when speed had increased so much that humans
had begun to change climatic conditions and overuse fossil fuels to run our machines

●​ This caused a need for realisation and led to practice of sustainable development on
large scale

20th century

●​ After the establishment of the United nations (UN) in 1945

UN started by taking major advances towards the goal of global sustainable
development

●​ 1972 : 1st UN Conference on the Human Environment (UNCHE)

●​ 1980 : The concept of sustainable development appeared for the first time in world
conservation Strategy (WCS)

1987 : “Our Common Future” Report (Brundtland Report)

●​ 1988 : Creation of the International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)

●​ 1992 : Earth Summit – United Nations Conference on Environment and

Development in Rio de Janeiro

●​ 1994 : International Conference on Population and Development in Cairo

●​ 1995 : World Summit on Social Development in Copenhagen

●​ 1996 : City Summit in Istanbul

●​ 1997 : 1st World water forum in Marrakech

●​ 2000 : United Nations Millennium Summit in New York

 ●​ 2002 : World Summit Sustainable Development in Johannesburg

●​ 2005 : Kyoto Protocol came into force

●​ 2010 : 10th Conference of Parties to the Convention on Biodiversity (CBD) in

Nagoya – COP10

●​ 2012 : Rio+20 Summit – UN Conference on Sustainable Development (UNCSD)

●​ 2015 : Establishing one of the most important steps towards Global sustainability

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS

●​ UN had established 17 Sustainable Development Goals in 2015 to be achieved
by2030

Goal 1
End poverty in all its forms everywhere.

Goal 2
End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture.

Goal 3
Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages.

Goal 4
Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for
all.

Goal 5
Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls

Goal 6
Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all.

Goal 7
Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all.

Goal 8
Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment
and decent work for all.

Goal 9
Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster
innovation.

Goal 10
Reduce inequality within and among countries.

Goal 11
Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable.

Goal 12
Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns.

Goal 13
Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts.

Goal 14
Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable
development.

Goal 15
Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage
forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss.

Goal 16
Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice
for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels.

Goal 17
Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalize the Global Partnership for Sustainable
Development.

National background with Sustainable

Development
●​ India has taken various actions in order to achieve all 17 goals and sustain its
development. Some of the proactive initiatives are the Swachh Bharat mission for
sanitation and cleanliness; and the green skill development program, Namami Gange
Program, CAMPA, and National Mission for Green India, for keeping the environment
green. There are also national river conservation programs and schemes on the
conservation of natural resources and ecosystems.

●​ India is taking significant actions to implement the approach of sustainable

development. Since 2015, the Indian government has launched several effective and
flagship programs to achieve the SDGs.

●​ India has worked hard for the development of clean energy India was the first country
to be able to produce nuclear energy by the use of Thorium over the conventional
Uranium under the leadership of Dr. Homi J. Bhabha .
●​ India has also promoted the use of Electric Vehicles by offering smaller tax rates on it
to promote more people to by EVs over Petroleum vehicle

SURVEY/ RESEARCH

​
 CONCLUSION

●​ Energy resources are the natural materials we use to produce

energy. Some resources, like fossil fuels, are limited and
harmful to the environment. Other non-conventional
resources, like solar and wind power, are renewable and
sustainable.
●​ Use of such resources should be increased as such forms of
energy produce no pollution and don't rely on exhaustible
resources and rather work by use of natural forces which are
unlimited.
●​ If such resources are used we can have an infinite future with
a healthy Earth.
My Contributions

●​ My contributions towards the sustainable development

are -

●​ Ban of plastic bag - I have banned the use of plastic

bags and instead, have started using cloth bags such as
jute bags.

●​ Use of solar panels - For saving electricity, I have started

to consume electricity generated by solar panels

●​ Use of electric vehicles - To avoid pollution and make a

pollution - free environment, I have started using electric
vehicles
 ●​ Use of cycle as transport - I have been using cycle or
walking as a mode of transport instead of cars or bikes
to avoid pollution

●​ Turning off electricity when not in use - I have started

switching off electric appliances such as light and fans
when no one is in the room.

●​ Use of flow aerators to save water - I have started using

water aerators in water taps to reduce the flow of water
and hence saving water

●​ Planting trees - Every year on my birthday, I plant a

sapling

●​ Use of public transport - I have started using public

transport rather than using owned vehicles to reduce
pollution.
LIST OF REFERENCES

Wikipedia -
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sustainable_development
https://enkingint.org/from-biomass-to-megawatts-tracing-indias-energy-evolution/#:~:text=Co
al%20mining%20began%20in%20the,(now%20Kolkata)%20in%201899.
Gemini -
https://www.ramma.is/english/history-and-ideas/sustainable-energy-resources/#:~:text=Sust
ainable%20energy%20resources,-Sustainable%20energy%20resources&text=In%20order%
20for%20an%20energy,to%20nature%20and%20the%20environment.
Objectives of SD-
https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Fig-1-The-Objectives-of-Sustainable-Development_fig1_
337486442
Blog on energy resources-
https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.javatpoint.com%2Fadvantage
s-and-disadvantages-of-energy-resources&psig=AOvVaw3GBR3NDJlg3nTrbwGlts3v&ust=1
736102068409000&source=images&cd=vfe&opi=89978449&ved=0CBQQjhxqFwoTCIjD9qn
a3IoDFQAAAAAdAAAAABAE

Sustainable development goals-

https://sdgs.un.org/goals
Indian sustainable development-
https://unacademy.com/content/upsc/study-material/ncert-notes/sustainable-development-in-
the-indian-context/#:~:text=India%27s%20progress%20in%20sustainability&text=Some%20
of%20the%20proactive%20initiatives,for%20keeping%20the%20environment%20green.

Awareness of energy-
https://www.google.com/imgres?q=surveys%20regarding%20energy%20resources%20in%2
0india&imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mdpi.com%2Fsustainability%2Fsustainability-14-088
82%2Farticle_deploy%2Fhtml%2Fimages%2Fsustainability-14-08882-g011.png&imgrefurl=h
ttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.mdpi.com%2F2071-1050%2F14%2F14%2F8882&docid=n5416iQig_
wMqM&tbnid=EAknsaK7L3e7dM&vet=12ahUKEwismZ-E2dyKAxUIb2wGHRtHJckQM3oEC
GQQAA..i&w=2481&h=2101&hcb=2&ved=2ahUKEwismZ-E2dyKAxUIb2wGHRtHJckQM3oE
CGQQAA

Energy generation chart-

https://www.google.com/imgres?q=surveys%20regarding%20energy%20resources%20in%2
0india&imgurl=https%3A%2F%2F99notes.in%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2023%2F04%2
Finstalled-energy-generation-capacity-in-india.jpg&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.99note
s.in%2Fupsc-notes%2Fgeneral-studies-3%2Findian-economy%2Finfrastructure%2Frenewa
ble-energy-infrastructure%2F&docid=N6wEXjARiL2KXM&tbnid=fJxPcDfYP8g6_M&vet=12a
hUKEwismZ-E2dyKAxUIb2wGHRtHJckQM3oECGUQAA..i&w=696&h=467&hcb=2&ved=2a
hUKEwismZ-E2dyKAxUIb2wGHRtHJckQM3oECGUQAA

Non-conventional resources-

https://www.google.com/imgres?q=surveys%20regarding%20energy%20resources%20in%2
0india&imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fvedas.sac.gov.in%2Fenergymap%2Fimages%2Fimage_0
1_energy_map_new.png&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Fvedas.sac.gov.in%2Fenergymap%2F
&docid=YI3XsSlOkygMWM&tbnid=sCvPc6Dbk3dN9M&vet=12ahUKEwismZ-E2dyKAxUIb2w
GHRtHJckQM3oECBwQAA..i&w=3507&h=2480&hcb=2&ved=2ahUKEwismZ-E2dyKAxUIb2
wGHRtHJckQM3oECBwQAA